The medical profession has been and remains one of the most respected and in demand. Regardless of the fact that in ancient times healers treated with herbal mixtures, and in the arsenal of a modern doctor there is a huge number of all kinds of drugs and other various means, the goals and moral standards of behavior of a medical professional throughout the world remain unchanged. And graduates of medical schools in many countries, preparing to embark on a difficult professional path, proclaim the Hippocratic Oath, the main principle of which is to provide assistance to the patient and care for his health. The first Monday of the second autumn month brings together doctors from all over the world, consolidates and intensifies their actions in the name of saving human lives. This happens on International Doctors Day. The initiator of the holiday was the World Health Organization, and the ideological inspirer was the United Nations, which includes WHO. Doctor's Day dates back to 1971. WHO responds to requests for assistance in the event of epidemics, natural disasters, and armed conflicts. The organization helps people regardless of their political views, ethnic origin or religious beliefs. Every year, more than five thousand doctors provide medical care in hot spots of the planet. It is so customary that on their professional holiday, medical workers on different continents gather for international scientific conferences, symposiums, and seminars, where they discuss pressing problems of the industry with colleagues and like-minded people, share discoveries and achievements, and new methods for treating complex diseases. Regardless of nationality and citizenship, doctors are united by one language - Latin and one common goal - saving lives. Modern medicine is developing very rapidly, unique technologies are being introduced, new methods and means of treatment are being invented. The efforts of both medical scientists and medical practitioners are aimed at:• popularizing an active and healthy lifestyle;• improving the quality of medical care;• providing assistance to all those in need, regardless of financial and other capabilities;• further development of medical science and improvement of practical activities . Among the informal events on this day are corporate parties or festive tables among relatives and friends. On a professional holiday, the attention and gratitude of patients is very valuable for Avicenna’s followers. On this day, we should congratulate the people who help each of us overcome illnesses, wish them good health, physical and moral strength, good luck, optimism, happiness and prosperity.

On the first Monday of October every year, World Architecture Day is celebrated; this is an important date for all professionals involved in urban planning and the construction of buildings for various purposes. It is difficult to underestimate the importance of architecture in human life. These are our homes and schools, shops and work spaces, theaters and museums. It will be true to say that architecture is a kind of shell, the change of which changes our internal state. Architectural appearance is the calling card of every city and every country. It embraces us, envelops us in atmosphere, makes us admire and take long trips. Tourists from all over the world come to see the ancient pyramids of Egypt, the elegant temples of Athens, the magnificent baroque buildings of the Vatican and much more. Famous buildings are the most popular backgrounds for photos and selfies; it is these images that users of social networks happily post for everyone to see, proud of their involvement in the great. The date of World Architecture Day has its own history and traditions, which began in September 1946 in London. It was there that the decision was made to create the International Union of Architects. This unification was an urgent need in the conditions of devastation in post-war Europe. Many cities were razed to the ground, many were in an uninhabitable condition. The architects were faced with the task of improving the territories of their countries, reviving their former greatness and providing people with housing. Surprisingly, this most complex architectural and construction mission was completed in the shortest possible time. For a long time, the union did not have its own official holiday date. In 1985, a general decision was made to celebrate Architect's Day annually in June, but in 1996 the date was moved to the first Monday in October. Thus, World Architects Day was timed to coincide with the UN date of World Habitat Day, which can be roughly translated as housing day. The unification of the two holidays took place at the 12th General Assembly of the UIA in the city of Barcelona, ​​famous for the extraordinary architectural creations of Antoni Gaudi. Being international holidays, holiday dates draw public attention not only to high achievements in the field of urban planning and architecture, but also to the unresolved problem of lack of personal living space in many countries. The international union devotes each year to a specific topic. For example, in 2009 the theme was “The energy of the architect to combat the global crisis”, and in 2011 “Architecture and human rights”. World Architecture Day is celebrated both in Russia and in the post-Soviet space. On the holiday, festivals, conferences, and reporting meetings are held where outstanding achievements are celebrated. A special place is occupied by concern for the condition of historical heritage monuments, the restoration and preservation of which are an important part of architectural activity. The holiday of the first Monday of October is celebrated not only by professionals. Excursions, lectures, various promotions and flash mobs are provided for ordinary people. This important date is a wonderful occasion to attract schoolchildren and young people to the world of high art, because architecture is the connecting bridge between the past, present and future.

Many international organizations, politicians, show business stars, athletes and others speak about the need to give up alcohol. It is not surprising that such public activity eventually resulted in the creation of a holiday dedicated to this topic. This is how the international holiday appeared on October 2 - World No Alcohol Day. It is interesting that although it arose relatively recently, that is, in 2008, no one can say for certain why this particular date was chosen. Some believe that it was chosen in memory of a public figure, American actor Johnny Fincher, who actively promoted a healthy lifestyle. There is another version that the date was proposed by the Indian government and dedicated to the birthday of the famous Indian statesman Mahatma Gandhi, who, as you know, paid great attention to promoting the abstinence of any alcoholic beverages. One way or another, the holiday was established, and since then it has been actively celebrated all over the world. It is interesting that this day cannot be called only a holiday in its classical sense, such as New Year. Initially, it was created as a day when seminars, forums, and exhibitions dedicated to promoting a healthy lifestyle are held. Often at such events you can get acquainted with sad statistics about the number of annual deaths from alcohol, see photos that clearly demonstrate how the personality of a person who has fallen into the path of alcoholism degrades. It is on this day that you can often hear impressive statistics. Thus, about 3 million people in the world die every year from alcohol abuse. In order to brighten up this day a little and add a festive atmosphere, numerous social and charitable foundations, non-profit organizations organize sporting events, performances by artists in support of a healthy lifestyle, and even organize demonstration non-alcoholic parties, during which people can try a variety of wonderful drinks created not alcohol based. Gradually, this holiday began to be firmly associated with the day of family unity. This is not surprising, because it is those close to us who suffer most from alcohol abuse by family members. One of the best options for spending this holiday will be spending time together as a family, organizing walks, sports activities, for example, related to yoga, meditation, jogging in the fresh air. There are quite strict rules on this day. It is necessary to completely exclude any alcohol-containing drinks, regardless of their volume, quality, or strength. Perhaps the time spent with maximum benefit for soul and body will inspire someone to switch to a healthy lifestyle not only on October 2, but also on other days. The holiday is widely celebrated in many countries, but especially actively in European countries, India, and some other countries of the Eurasian region. And also, traditionally, it is on October 2 that one can hear numerous proposals from public organizations regarding limiting the sale of alcohol in supermarkets, etc. Other public initiatives are also appearing, some of which are being successfully implemented. For example, in India, Egypt, Sweden, and dozens of other countries, a decision has already been made to ban the sale of alcoholic beverages in grocery stores. We can say that October 2 is not just a holiday, but, moreover, a time of popular and public initiatives.

Medical workers celebrate both national holidays approved by Russian legislation and international celebrations initiated by the UN, each of them is accompanied by symposiums, congresses, conferences and other events. Since 1996, on October 2, all domestic specialists who treat genitourinary pathologies celebrate Urologist Day. Professionals help patients regardless of their age, gender and severity of the disease. Mentions of “stone cutters,” as specialists in this field of activity were called in ancient times, are found in sources of the 4th-5th centuries BC. Avicenna described the technique of removing stones from the bladder in his treatises. Thanks to his work on disorders of the genitourinary system, doctors began to draw conclusions based on the color of urine. This has become a widely used method in Arabic medicine because... Due to religious taboos, the doctor was forced to diagnose the patient without a personal examination. Centuries later, in 1588, the Spaniard Francisco Diaz published a work on the diagnosis, methods of treating urological diseases and the instruments used for this: catheters, probes, stone probes and spoons for removing stones, dilators and mirrors for perineal lithoextraction. The heyday of science came in the 19th century, when its foundations were laid and the first operations to remove benign tumors of the kidneys, prostate and bladder began. In 1830, the world's first specialized department was opened at the Hotel-Dieu de Paris in Paris, headed by Jean Sivyal, the inventor of the lithotripsy (stone crushing) technique. In Ancient Rus', the founder of the treatment of urolithiasis, as well as many other pathologies, was Eupraxia-Zoya, the granddaughter of Vladimir Monomakh. In her treatise of the 12th century. "Ointments" paid great attention to the symptoms and treatment of urological pathologies. A great contribution to the development of domestic science was made by doctor I.I., who came from the clergy. Venediktov (1782-1823) - “operator of stone diseases”, who stood at the origins of urology in Russia. Modern science uses hysteroscopy, robotic surgery and laparoscopy to treat diseases of the pelvic organs. Patients undergo blood and urine tests, X-rays, ultrasounds, MRIs and other examinations. Specialists who diagnose and treat genitourinary diseases are responsible for a very important area of ​​patient health. In honor of professionals, Urologist Day was established and celebrated annually on October 2.

Today, every educational institution has a social teacher - a person whose duties include ensuring the social component of education. Pupils, schoolchildren, preschoolers, students, first of all, learn communication and socialization. The world around us is a society with its own rules, requirements and trends, which you need to, if not comply with, then at least adapt to. From a young age, children learn to communicate with each other; parents and the child’s surrounding social environment play a large role in this communication. Ensuring that everything is safe in the child’s environment is also one of the tasks of a social educator. In addition to other duties, social workers organize all sorts of events for a group of students, excursions, dressage trips, prepare conditions for interesting communication and learning new things, in new places, with new people. Since 2009, relatively recently, after a conference in Copenhagen, it was decided to establish the International Day of Social Educators. And celebrate it on October 2. Since then, every year in more than 40 countries around the world on this day, various events are organized for social workers, where representatives of this profession meet with each other, exchange experiences, hold conferences, raise current issues, and jointly look for solutions to complex pressing issues. Social pedagogy is a rather interesting science, because it is aimed at learning, the formation of personality in society, the adequate behavior of everyone in a group in relation to each other, the acceptance of different personalities by society, while at the same time preserving the individuality, peculiarity and interestingness of each individual. The profession of a social teacher is to harmoniously combine the disparate individual characteristics of people, so that not only there are no conflicts in a small social group, but also so that, among other things, this group exists productively, bringing personal benefit to each person in it. A social teacher has the following areas of work: diagnostic, organizational, methodological, social patronage. An experienced teacher in each of these areas is obliged to declare himself as a qualified specialist. When choosing the profession of a social teacher, it is important to understand that the main function of the work is communication, tact, patience and the ability to negotiate. So, on October 2, every year the whole world celebrates the International Day of Social Educators.

The date was not chosen by chance - it is the birthday of Mahatma Gandhi, who is known as the ideologist of the Indian independence movement, he is also the author of the philosophy and strategy of non-violence. Gandhi's life path inspires many similar nonviolent movements aimed at some kind of social reform.

Today, e-mail is a familiar means of communication, without which it is difficult to imagine the life of a modern person. It is not only used directly for communication, but is also necessary for registration on various services and serves as a means of identification. Such a useful invention could not do without its own holiday - the birthday of e-mail is celebrated on October 2. According to one version, it was on this day back in 1971 that the world's first electronic message was composed. According to another, the date was chosen arbitrarily, and the exact day the message was sent is now unknown. The first innovative message was sent by the leading engineer of BBN Technologies, Ray Tomlinson. He made many contributions to the creation of email, including the invention of the "@" symbol, which is now commonly used when registering email addresses. And the inventor of a fundamentally new method of communication was Douglas Engelbart, an outstanding scientist who worked at the Stanford Research Institute. Moreover, this is not his only discovery. Engelbart is also the creator of the computer mouse, another indispensable device for modern man. The average user receives dozens of emails in their email every day. With its help, business and personal correspondence is carried out, documents, videos and photographs are sent. The birthday of email is celebrated all over the world, but mainly by people who constantly use it in their professional activities. For the most part, these are specialists in the field of IT technologies and programmers. Some large international companies celebrate this day, organize entertainment themed events, and creative performances by employees. How to spend a day dedicated to creating email? There are no clear criteria for celebration. You can do the following: 1. Tell friends and family about the existence of such a holiday. After all, most people don't even know about it. Ordinary people often don’t even think about when exactly email was invented, or how important a role it plays in our lives. 2. Post birthday email information on your social media pages. This way a wide range of people will know about the date. 3. Send congratulatory letters to all your friends. This is a traditional and logical way to celebrate. Various mail systems also send out congratulatory mailings to users on this day. 4. Organize a small thematic corporate event at work. It is best to prepare for the event in advance. You can organize several competitions, ask riddles, read humorous poems about modern technologies.

On a warm autumn day, it’s nice to wander around the park and rustle the fallen leaves. No less enjoyable is a leisurely walk among the trees of the forest dressed “in crimson and gold.” October 2 is the Day of Confused Footprints in the Autumn Park. This funny holiday encourages people to at least temporarily escape from the bustle of the world and tune into a thoughtful and lyrical mood. Our ancestors treated the imprint of a foot or sole on the ground, sand and grass as a sacred phenomenon. It’s not for nothing that there are such expressions as “leaving a mark on the soul” or “leaving a mark on history.” Since ancient times, it was believed that a foot print on the surface, visible or not obvious to the eye, stores human energy. Certain magical manipulations can help him both achieve his goal and go astray. Energy information potential is stored on the palms of the hands and soles of the feet, which can be used for the benefit or harm of a person. The Aborigines of South-Eastern Australia believe that placing sharp pieces of quartz, bone, glass or coal on the tracks can make the enemy lame. The same effect in the European black magic tradition was achieved by scraping the earth from a footprint and boiling it in a cauldron along with needles, fragments and nails. Dust taken from a person's footprint, scattered or buried in a cemetery, led to an incurable disease. Magical properties were also attributed to animal paw prints. The ancient Greeks believed that if a horse stepped on the tracks of a wolf, it would not be destined to give birth to any more offspring. Amulets placed on the paw prints of early deer by Indians hastened the death of the animal. They were convinced: a magic potion left in the trail of even a bear that had run far away would force it to return within reach. Supporters of Pythagoras paid attention to the imprint of the human body. Getting out of bed in the morning, they always smoothed out the mark left on the sheet. The ancient scientist and mystic himself made his disciples promise that they would never harm other people through their footprints. Therefore, there is a deep philosophical meaning in the playful tangling of tracks in the autumn park. Every event in our life leaves its mark on it. Nothing passes without a trace, everything has its cause, beginning and end. It’s good to think about this and other philosophical questions of existence while walking along the alleys of the autumn park. Anyone who wants to celebrate the fun holiday of confusing tracks is recommended to change their usual path on October 2 and pave a new route, which may well become the road to an unknown and happy future.

Every country, every state on the planet requires specialists with a technical education. The presence of this group of highly qualified professionals will give real growth in the very near future, both economically and in the progress of innovative developments. Of course, an idea is the basis of all foundations, but technically competent people are needed to translate these very ideas into real life. Highly qualified personnel are “like air” needed in almost any industry of various industries. The lack of such specialists can become a real problem for the economic growth of any state. In Russia, at the level of the federal authorities, people have already become interested in solving this (rather complex) problem. After all, the demand for professionals with a technical education, who in the very near future will be able to work in high-tech industries, is growing every day. Based on this, we can safely assume that the authority of this kind of establishment is beginning to gradually revive. The very first institutions, the main goal of which was to provide students with vocational technical education, were theological schools. But this was only the first stage in the development of this kind of transfer of specialized knowledge in the Russian Empire. Already by the seventeenth century, in all major cities of the huge state, small (in terms of the number of students and the territory they occupied) commercial schools began to appear, in which law, navigation, accounting and many other basic sciences were taught on an ongoing basis. But this was not enough, because production in the country grew “by leaps and bounds.” Based on this, technical institutions began to be created to train specialists to work on complex equipment. In those distant times, such institutions were called: factory apprenticeship school and vocational school. After the collapse of the Empire and the emergence of the USSR, vocational schools (vocational schools) were created, which covered about 450 professions (the most in demand in production). Each student had the right to receive a scholarship, free meals and some benefits provided by the Soviet state. The peak demand for vocational schools came in 1981, when about 7,000 institutions operated in the country, where about 3.6 million students were trained. However, as soon as the Union collapsed, the popularity of this kind of schools (and the education that was given there) decreased sharply. It has simply become unprestigious for the vast majority of the country’s residents. After all, salaries were insignificant, and all state benefits instantly disappeared (were abolished). On this holiday (October 2), all distinguished students are awarded certificates of honor and gifts. Colorful ceremonial events are organized throughout the country, during which all teachers are congratulated. We also congratulate all the veterans who are directly related to vocational education, because it was with them that the history of the creation of this kind of institutions began. All public events are held in a solemn atmosphere with the participation of people significant to the institution. Often at holidays, heads of regions and regions give congratulatory speeches. After all, Russia simply vitally needs highly qualified personnel who, in the very near future, will lift the economy of a huge state “from its knees.”

On this day, Christians honor the memory of Saints Zosimus of Cilicia and Trophimus of Sinada. Zosima was popularly considered the patron saint of bees. From this day on, beekeepers prepared for winter by moving their hives into a warm winter hut. October 2 was sometimes called the Tasty Table. Housewives prepared baked goods with honey and treated their households and neighbors to it.

For the first time, ceremonial events to protect domestic animals and livestock kept by farmers were held in 1983. The very initiative to protect artiodactyls is more than 200 years old. The story goes that in 1822, the Irishman Richard Martin was able to pass a bill through the British Parliament prohibiting cruelty to cattle, horses and sheep.

Every year on October 2, all states and union territories of India celebrate one of the three official national holidays, Gandhi Jayanti Day. The date of celebration is dedicated to the birthday of the great leader, who is deeply revered in India and called the Father of the Nation. Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi was born in 1869 and became known throughout the world thanks to his desire to achieve justice through non-violent, peaceful means. He called on the people not to take up arms, but to achieve their goals through peaceful marches, hunger strikes, boycotts and other economic levers. The great religious thinker and outstanding political figure fought against racial discrimination all his life, became the leader of the national liberation movement of the Indian people, and fought for the independence of his country from Great Britain. Gandhi also advocated the unity of peoples, was against caste inequality and sought to abolish untouchability. In January 1948, Gandhi was killed by a bullet fired from the pistol of an extremist fanatic. At the burial place of the outstanding thinker and peacemaker, a Gandhi Samadhi memorial was erected, which is visited by thousands of people on October 2. They all remember their Father of the Nation, sing his favorite religious songs, read poetry, bring garlands of flowers and, of course, pray. Since the holiday is a day off, most businesses, government and educational institutions are closed. Even taking public transport or going to the store can be difficult as the entire country remembers its great leader. Of interest is the fact that on October 2 the sale of alcohol is prohibited in the country. This is due to the fact that Gandhi wanted to rid the people of India of bad habits, including drinking alcohol. Also on the eve of Gandhi Jayanti, all schoolchildren of the country, various public organizations and government institutions find time to devote themselves to various good deeds, thus continuing the ideas and traditions of Gandhism. For the same reasons, it is customary to engage in hand spinning on October 2 in India. Recognizing the peacemaking path promoted by the Father of the Indian Nation, in 2007 the UN declared Mahatma Gandhi's birthday as the International Day of Non-Violence.

The human right to housing is enshrined in the constitutions of most countries of the world, the European Social Charter, international covenants and other documents. Urban population of the Northern and Southern Hemispheres in the 19th century. needs comfortable houses and apartments. To designate them, the term “habitat” is used (habitabilis in Latin - “fit for life”, “inhabited”). Comfort and convenience should also be at the forefront of the architecture of buildings and urban infrastructure. The UN drew attention to the problem of lack of housing among the 150 million people inhabiting our planet at a 1976 conference in Vancouver, Canada. 20 years later, Secretary General Javier Perez de Cuellar said in his speech that the wishes of city residents should be taken into account when organizing a comfortable living environment. In order to attract public attention to the realization of the economic and social human right to housing, a holiday was established. Every year since 1986, Habitat Day is celebrated on the first Monday in October. World Habitat Day calls on local authorities in cities and towns to pay attention to people living below the poverty line. Today, the streets of dozens of US cities are lined with tents filled with homeless people. Some of them do not even have such shelter and sleep on the ground in the open air. Most of the representatives of the “heroin ghettos” of America, located in Philadelphia, San Francisco and Sacramento, California, belong to socially dangerous categories of citizens. But this should not deprive them of their basic human right to housing. Somalia, Nigeria, South Sudan, Yemen, Afghanistan and Pakistan lead the way in terms of the number of homeless people per capita. In honor of World Housing Day, round tables, forums and conferences are held that offer solutions to issues related to the lack of a roof over their heads among citizens of these and other countries. Opening shelters does not solve this problem. Thus, in Finland, Italy and Ireland there is a Housing First program - municipal housing in exchange for participation in socialization: getting rid of bad habits, work and education. In these and other countries, entrepreneurs who take on the employment of homeless people are provided with tax breaks and other preferences. Every year, World Habitat Day is dedicated to a specific topic: cities of the future, the participation of women in the leadership of settlements, municipal solid waste management, slum dwellers, etc. The UN draws attention to the fact that housing for people should be comfortable, and its location should have a developed infrastructure . Favelas - Brazilian slums - do not meet these criteria. In these areas, the spartan living of the “dwellers of the city bottom”, living in poverty, is accompanied by a high level of crime and unsanitary conditions. The UN calls on government authorities, public organizations and commercial structures to unite in resolving the issue of providing shelter to citizens of their countries. The laureates of the Habidat World Prize, established in 1985, should come to their aid. The award recognizes the best innovative projects aimed at meeting the housing needs of citizens of all ages, gender and social status. Addressing the world's poorest people will have a positive impact on both civil society and the environment.

Labor Day in Australia (Eight O'Clock Day, Labor Day)

Grandparents' Day in Italy (La Festa dei Nonni)

Mehregan Festival in Iran

National Name Your Car Day in the USA

Walk to School Day in the USA

National Custodian Day in the USA

National Fried Scallops Day in the USA

National Manufacturing Day

Batik Day in Indonesia (Hari Batik Nasional)

Orthodox holidays October 2:

164 years after the repose of Prince Theodore, his incorruptible relics and the relics of his sons (David and Constantine) were transferred to the Monastery of the Holy Savior in Yaroslavl. The three of them were placed in one tomb. It was March 18, 1463. Since then, this day has been celebrated as the holiday of the discovery of relics, which are credited with miraculous powers. The Day of Remembrance of the Three Holy Princes is celebrated on October 2. On this day in 2011, the holy remains were honorably transferred to the Yaroslavl Cathedral. On Christian icons, Prince Theodore is depicted with his teenage sons. This ruler and his sons were respected by the common people and loved by the church. But the icon with the face of three Saints saw the world only in the 16th century. On it the prince himself and his heirs to the throne are depicted with swords. Weapons in the hands of the father-ruler and his sons speak of the power of the princely family and the dignity of origin. The birth of the holy noble prince Theodore, Smolensk and Yaroslavl fell during the period of the Tatar-Mongol intervention in Rus'. His father was the son of the Smolensk prince Rostislav Mstislavovich, and his grandfather was Vladimir Monomakh. At baptism, the boy was named Theodore in honor of the holy great martyr Theodore Stratelates, respected by the warrior princes of Rus'. The boy was raised with love for God. He grew up courageous, brave, and knowledgeable in military affairs. From his marriage to the daughter of the Tatar Khan (who received Christian baptism and the name Anna), he had two sons, David and Konstantin. Prince Theodore became famous for his military victories, piety, mercy, charity, justice, and concern for the construction and equipment of God's churches. He more than once acted as a cunning diplomat in relations with the Tatar-Mongol khans. With his assistance, several churches were built in Yaroslavl. His sons inherited their father's piety and righteousness. They all died at different times, but they were all classified as Saints. Now the relics of all three Saints are kept in one sarcophagus in the Yaroslavl Cathedral.

Memorial Day of the Martyrs Trofimus, Savvatiy and Dorimedont

Memorial Day of St. Alexy Zosimovsky