In our country, All-Russian Conscript Day is celebrated on November 15, based on a 1992 decree signed by former Russian President Boris Nikolayevich Yeltsin. Conscripts are male representatives between the ages of 18 and 27 who are subject to conscription for military service in the Armed Forces. Conscription is carried out twice a year, namely in spring and autumn. According to Russian legislation, conscripts must undergo a full medical examination. If he has health problems that do not allow him to serve in the army, then he is no longer considered a conscript. The draft includes not only a medical examination, but also attendance at meetings of the draft commission. After this, the conscript needs to arrive at the commissariat, from where he will be sent to a military unit. It is worth recalling that at this time conscription is carried out for one year (until 2008, the period of military service in the Armed Forces was 2 years). On this holiday, thematic events are held throughout the country. In Moscow, you can see how future soldiers gather on Poklonnaya Hill, a company of honor guard performs, and soldiers of a reconnaissance company demonstrate hand-to-hand combat techniques. All this raises the morale of future soldiers, they have a desire to serve the Fatherland with dignity. After the military show, capital conscripts have the opportunity to listen to the stories of war veterans about the victories of the Russian army, visit weapons exhibitions, military museums, mini-excursions to units and places where battles took place. The main goal of creating the solemn event “All-Russian Conscript Day” can be called improving patriotic development and education for modern youth, which makes service in the armed forces more and more prestigious. In many countries of the world, citizens of the country are required to undergo military service, because the country must have an army ready for military action when the need arises to defend the country from enemies.

Criminals organized in groups have always been a huge problem for law enforcement. They cause more harm than a lone criminal. Leaders are very difficult to identify, and even more difficult to detain. Prostitution, fraud, smuggling, terrorism are an insignificant part of the crimes they commit. Police officers working in this direction are at the forefront of the fight against crime. A very difficult and dangerous job that not everyone can do. All the more significant is the holiday on which these heroic people are honored. The name of the holiday is long and complex: the day of the creation of units to combat organized crime. But it accurately reflects the specifics of the work and its complexity. On the calendar it is November 15th. The holiday is celebrated by employees of the Main Directorate for Combating Extremism and service veterans. A little history: • On November 15, 1988, by order of the USSR Ministry of Internal Affairs, the 6th Directorate of the USSR Ministry of Internal Affairs was organized. The first staff was only 32 people. It was from this date that the work of these units began. • In the 90s, all security forces were in a fever. Renaming, reorganization, and layoffs affected all divisions. Fighters against organized crime have not escaped these problems either. From 1991 to 2008, reorganizations and renamings took place almost every year. • 2008 gave it another name, and this is the form the unit still has today – GUPE of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia. GUPE employees identify extremists, fight terrorists, drug lords, illegal arms sales, corruption, and solve particularly serious crimes. They operate not only at the regional level, work is carried out nationwide, and cooperation has been established with Interpol and the police of individual countries. I can’t believe it, but until the mid-80s it was believed that there was no organized crime in our country. Although the first cases of non-spontaneous formation began back in the 60s. With the beginning of perestroika, criminals organized in groups became a real disaster. One of the largest, the Sicilian mafia, has approximately 50 thousand members - 150 families, in Russia this figure has long exceeded 150 thousand, and in terms of groups there are approximately 12,000. The fall of the Iron Curtain opened up more than just tourists, holidaymakers and businessmen. Criminals began to actively explore the vast expanses of Europe. From the point of view of Europeans, Russian groups operating in the European Union are considered the most dangerous in extortion, illegal migration and economic crimes. All Slavic Russian-speaking gangs abroad are called “Russian Mafia”. This is fundamentally wrong, since the groups include not only Russian citizens. Among them there are groups from CIS countries and migrants from far abroad countries. On November 15, we honor those who, without sparing their lives, fight back against criminals. These people are always on guard, solving crimes and protecting the lives of Russian citizens.

The problem of preserving the biosphere of our planet, which relatively recently worried few people, today confronts humanity with frightening urgency. Environmental pollution, limited supplies of natural materials, of which about a third are wasted, the need for significant investment to change technologies and find cheaper and more versatile raw materials led to the establishment of World Recycling Day or, as it is called in a number of countries, World Recycling Day. Every year on November 15, again, with increasing scope and persistence, environmentalists and social activists remind their fellow citizens, industrial structures and government authorities of the need for rational use of natural resources, careful attention to environmental safety issues and finding solutions for the reuse of worn-out goods , packaging and other products. The pioneers in the establishment of Recycling Day were citizens of the United States of America, who first held America Recycles Day in 1997. Literally, the original name of the memorial date is translated as “The Day America Recycles Waste.” The holiday date proposed by environmentalists was supposed to encourage US citizens who donate garbage for subsequent recycling or purchase goods in the production of which recycled products were used to one degree or another. “Invented” in North America, the memorial day began to be held in other countries of the Earth. There are two reasons why Recycling Day has become so relevant: Firstly, the limitations of minerals and other natural resources remind everyone that the future existence of humanity depends on how rationally they are used. Residents of many countries are already experiencing difficulties with drinking water and food, and the owners of industrial enterprises are forced not only to invest in improving technological processes, but also to study the scientific issues of previously used raw materials. Secondly, the global increase in temperature caused by the formation and intensification of the “greenhouse effect” due to the huge amount of household and industrial waste, the volumes of which continue to grow, has led to various restrictions placed on manufacturers. The long decay period of tons of all kinds of packaging materials, household appliances, car tires, polyethylene products, radioactive fuel and other materials require decisive and urgent measures to prevent our planet from turning into a landfill unsuitable for life. Answers to the questions of using recycled waste must be found by all inhabitants of planet Earth. Unfortunately, a unified position has not yet been developed that would unite all states, regardless of their state structure and position. Numerous waste recycling technologies for which the European community is famous are “compensated” by the lack of attention and funds in other countries, which include states that were formerly part of the Soviet Union. Numerous landfills, the area of ​​which is constantly increasing, waste burned at enterprises, a poisonous atmosphere and the lack of explanatory work with the population require active measures to correct the current situation. Any garbage should not pose a danger to humanity, but an impetus for the development of technologies for its processing and a source of endless raw materials for industrial enterprises.

PEN International, a human rights organization of poets, writers and journalists, created a holiday in 1981 to honor imprisoned colleagues around the world. Since then, the Day of Imprisoned Writers has been celebrated annually on November 15th. Day of the Imprisoned Writer honors writers who have found themselves in captivity for exercising their right to free speech. The history of world literature knows many cases of works of art written by authors while behind bars. Writers often became victims of political regimes. “You may not be a poet, but you must be a citizen,” this is how one of the heroes of the poem N.A. declared his position. Nekrasova. This position was close to many writers. Federico Garcia Lorca was shot by the Francoists in 1936 for his socialist views, and the poet's books were banned in his homeland until the death of the Spanish dictator. Some writers were imprisoned on charges of a domestic nature that were not fully proven. The creation of Don Quixote began with the imprisonment of Miguel de Cervantes in 1602 for tax evasion. O. Henry wrote his first stories while in captivity from 1898 to 1901 on suspicion of embezzling money. On November 15, the victims of the Tsarist secret police and the “Red Terror” are remembered. The first includes F. M. Dostoevsky, who kept a diary, which became the basis of “Notes from the House of the Dead,” while in captivity for organizing a coup d’etat from 1849 to 1854. N.K. Chernyshevsky, who criticized the Peasant Reform of 1861, wrote the novel “What to Do?” during his two years in the Peter and Paul Fortress awaiting sentencing. V. Mayakovsky was arrested three times in 1908-1909 for connections with a group of anarchist expropriators. N. Gumilyov and his son L. Gumilyov, O. Mandelstam, D. Kharms, L. Andreev, V. Shalamov, A. Solzhenitsyn, A. Sinyavskoy, Yu. Daniel... These and many other anti-Soviet poets and writers held more than one year in prisons and Stalinist camps. The imprisonment, no matter how monstrous it may sound, had a positive effect on the biographies of some of them. In 1974, A. Solzhenitsyn, Nobel laureate in literature in 1970, was expelled from the USSR for the book “The Gulag Archipelago” published in the West. I. Brodsky was arrested in 1963 and sent into exile in the Arkhangelsk region, where he continued to write poetry. The poet immigrated in June 1972, and in 1987 he was awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature. Both writers were greeted in the West as victims of a political regime that helped create auras of martyrs around them. The fact of imprisonment had a positive impact on the foreign life and career of both Nobel laureates. The words spoken by A. Akhmatova during the trial of I. Brodsky are widely known: “What a biography they are making for our redhead.” However, not all writers’ lives turned out this way. Many of them broke down, unable to withstand the pressure of the state machine with its punitive system. Talented writers perished in Soviet camps and prisons of other countries. In honor of these and other creative personalities who have been behind bars, November 15 is celebrated as Writers in Prison Day.

The largest body of water on the planet with a closed contour, formed by the oceanic crust, was called the Khvalynsky Sea in Rus'. Since ancient times, it was used by the Slavs to sail to Asia in order to purchase herbs, silk, spices, rice and other goods. During the time of Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich, an attempt was made for the first time to create a flotilla to expand ties with Persia and protect the Volga trade route. A port for warships was founded in Astrakhan on November 15, 1722 by decree of Peter I. The king wanted to establish direct economic ties with India and the countries of Central Asia. Therefore, in July 1722 he made an attempt to conquer Derbent, which was crowned with success. The ships that left Astrakhan for the Caspian entered into a war with Persia for possession of the sea. So the strategically important region, albeit for a short time, became part of Russia. On November 15, in honor of an important historical event, the creation of a domestic naval base, Caspian Flotilla Day is celebrated. The conquests were lost after the death of Peter I - in 1735 they went to Persia under a treaty signed by Anna Ioannovna. An attempt to restore the Caspian to its former greatness was made in 1781 by Grigory Potemkin. On behalf of Catherine II, the Field Marshal supervised the creation of a navy in Astrakhan, whose vessels were used to protect merchant ships and fisheries. In 1867, the headquarters moved to Baku, and in 1881, as a result of campaigns, Turkmenistan was annexed. In October 1918, as a result of the revolution, the Caspian Flotilla became part of the Red Army. Its warships and personnel of 1,170 sailors took part in the battles of the Civil War, protecting the borders of the young country from invaders. During the Great Patriotic War, the Caspian flotilla covered the heroic defenders of Stalingrad with fire from the Volga and protected the supply of Azerbaijani oil going to the needs of the front. In August 1941, she took part in the landing on the Iranian coast, and from 1942 she organized mine-resistant naval defense. After the collapse of the USSR, the Red Banner Flotilla moved from Baku to Astrakhan, and in 2017 to Makhachkala and Kaspiysk. The relocation of headquarters and control, as well as formations of warships to Dagestan, is explained by strategic and geophysical factors. The new base opens year-round access to operationally important areas of the southern and middle parts of the Caspian Sea. Today, the flotilla bases are located in Kaspiysk, Astrakhan and Makhachkala, the villages of Nikolskoye and Labor Front. Its flagship is the Tatarstan ship. The personnel are represented by marines, paratroopers, reconnaissance officers, artillerymen, missilemen, and a separate detachment for combating underwater saboteurs. All military personnel who are on duty around the clock to protect the sea and air borders of the Motherland are congratulated on October 13 on the Day of the Caspian Flotilla.

Buran Day

People first started talking about milkshake in Great Britain in 1885, when one of the London newspapers published an article about the surprisingly tasty drink. The classic cocktail recipe included milk, raw eggs, brandy or whiskey. Due to the high cost of some ingredients, only wealthy members of society could afford the drink. Milkshake was prepared in large containers and served at family holiday tables or at special receptions. In taste and composition it resembles the famous dessert eggnog. Milkshake, a masterpiece of English culinary experts, quickly gained popularity throughout the world. November 15th is Milkshake Day in the United States and other countries. The Americans replaced whiskey and brandy with rum in the recipe, and at the end of the 19th century. Vanilla, berry and chocolate syrups began to be used to prepare the drink. Then they tried adding ice cream to the milkshake, which significantly transformed its taste. The ingredients were mixed by hand until 1922, when the blender was invented by Polish-American Stephen Poplawski. Using the device made the milkshake airy and delicate in taste. During Prohibition in the United States, which lasted from January 1920 until 1933, bartenders mixed whiskey, brandy and bourbon into all harmless-looking cocktails. The experts behind the counter understood that not a single police officer could distinguish an alcoholic drink from a non-alcoholic one by appearance. For connoisseurs of explosive and not so explosive mixtures, Speakeasy bars were opened on the streets of American cities, which literally translates as “speak quietly.” While law enforcement officers were studying the visitors of these establishments, the bartenders quietly added a large portion of port wine or strong alcohol to the milk, ice cubes and syrup. Visitors left the pubs very happy, because they always had the opportunity to taste a milkshake codenamed “For Me”. "Egg Nog" is one of the names of the popular mickleshake. To prepare it, in addition to cream or milk, eggs, sugar, cinnamon, nutmeg and vanilla, cognac or bourbon is used. Over time, bartenders stopped adding alcohol-containing ingredients and fresh eggs to the drink. Today, milkshake is chosen by children and adults who prefer non-alcoholic cocktails. Coconut milk, pineapple juice and rum are included in the long drink “Pina Deck”, which belongs to the “Modern Classics” series. This milkshake is billed as the national drink of Puerto Rico. In the bar menus of cafes and restaurants around the world, in the section with non-alcoholic drinks you can find Banana Shake Cream, “Fiesta”, “Marzipan”, “Bubble Gum” and Sushi-Studio Mix with a delicious white foamy head. Their recipes often contain ice cream and always chilled milk. Milkshakes are decorated with berries, whipped cream, chocolate chips and nut sprinkles. Any fruit is used except kiwi, pineapple and orange because of the ascorbic acid they contain, which interferes with the formation of foam. Lime and lemon zest are also added to the drinks and decorated with whipped cream, making them a real work of culinary art. This is how milkshake lovers experiment with their preparation, celebrating November 15th as Milkshake Day.

November 15 according to the popular calendar is Akindinus and Pigasius or the day of remembrance of the martyrs Akindinus, Pigasius and Anempodistus, who lived in the fourth century in Persia. They professed Christianity, for which they were punished by the king, who persecuted the followers of Christ. The Persian king Shapur was the Shahin Shah of Iran from the Sassanid dynasty. During his reign, the country fought with the Romans, Arabs and Iberians. Shapur became the first Shah to begin persecuting Christians. Previously, Christianity was persecuted in the Roman Empire, so the followers of Christ were willingly hidden in Persia. They could become allies in confrontation with a common enemy, so the far-sighted Persians met them halfway. Over time, this religion became dominant in Rome, and attitudes towards Christians changed dramatically. In the middle of his reign, Shapur demanded that the head of the Christian community of Iran pay a double tax on each believer. The king urgently needed money for another military campaign. Three times Shapur sent messengers with a message and three times the bishop refused. As a result, the angry king began persecuting Christians and destroying their churches. Anempodistus, Akindinus and Pigasius lived in Persia at that time. All three served the king in his palace. Because of the outbreak of persecution, they had to hide their faith, but one of the envious people told the ruler about three Christians from his entourage. By order of Shapur they were captured. During the trial, the martyrs told the truth, but the king demanded that they renounce their faith. All three refused. Then, by order of Shapur, they began to torture them with whips. The torture lasted several hours. During this time, even the executioners who changed were tired, but not one of the believers uttered a groan. Such resilience amazed Shapur himself. According to one version, the king fell dead while observing the execution. The courtiers thought that Shapur had died, but the martyrs turned to God in prayer and the ruler came to his senses after fainting. According to another version, Shapur began to behave as if a demon had possessed him. He began to spew curses, swear and blaspheme. The martyrs could no longer stand this, so they turned to God and he took away the king’s voice. The amazed Shapur began to rush around the hall, unable to utter a word. Then the martyrs turned to God again and he returned the king’s voice. Shapur did not want to accept this miracle, because then he would have to renounce everything he previously believed in and repent. Anempodistus, Akindinus and Pigasius were executed, but many of the courtiers who were present during their torture in the palace accepted the new faith. On this day in Rus' they said: “Akindin kindles the barn, and Pigasius extinguishes the sun.” Daylight hours were rapidly decreasing, it was heading towards winter, so all work had to be moved indoors. The peasants stocked up on torches, which they lit in the evenings. A barn is a special structure for drying grain, in which a fire was built. In the meantime, potatoes were baked in it - a simple but tasty delicacy. Entire families often gathered around the fire, so the gatherings ended with the telling of scary stories about various spirits - rizhniks, brownies, goblins, goosebumps and barn-bearers. In those days, people believed that in almost every building there lived a mystical creature that never appeared to people in its real form. In a chance meeting, the spirit could turn into a little man. By themselves, these creatures were not dangerous to people. All they needed was respect. If a person tried to survive the spirit from the building, it could answer him with dirty tricks, so the peasants, before lighting a fire, asked permission from the barn owners, trying to appease them. The barns contained grain reserves that could burn or rot, and for many peasants it formed the basis of the winter diet. Weather observations were also carried out on Akindina. If there is fog in the evening, then the winter must be windy. A meager harvest of cedar cones was a harbinger of a warm winter without severe frosts.

The first images of objects located on the Earth's surface in computer memory date back to the 1960s. The collection and storage of this information was carried out by the military departments of two superpowers - the USSR and the USA, which used the information to guide missiles of various ranges. GIS was first used for peaceful purposes in the 1970s in cartography. A real breakthrough in the spread of geographic information systems was the advent of personal computers. In the 80-90s. GIS developments became in demand among private PC users, the number of which was constantly growing. Today, geographic information systems are one of the most developing segments of the IT technology market. GIS contains road atlases, topographic maps, metro maps and technical plans of buildings. The system finds, accumulates spatial distribution information in digital format, analyzes and displays it on the device screen in a user-friendly form. Specialists from NASA, Google, Intergraph, Autodesk, Grass Development Team, Microsoft and other companies work in this field of activity. In 1999, a holiday was established to honor GIS. Geographic Information Systems Day is celebrated on the third Wednesday of November. The National Geographic Society celebrates Geographic Awareness Week every year. One of its events is GIS Day. According to experts, almost 90% of the information that a person uses can be displayed in the form of plans, drawings and diagrams. The holiday was established with the aim of expanding the understanding of GIS technologies among non-professionals and disseminating geographical knowledge. GIS Day is celebrated by users and developers of information systems. The advent of digital versions of maps on the computer screen and other advances in GIS are making life easier for the millions of people who use the system's tools every day. Specialists participate in open lessons, seminars, lectures, presentations and other public events. GIS developers talk about the technologies used to create a digital environment in which data about objects is collected taking into account their spatial coordinates. Geographic information systems technologies are actively used in many areas of the national economy: in the work of agricultural enterprises, transport management, land cadastre, monitoring the ecology of the area, etc. With the help of GIS, real-time monitoring of the work of construction sites and visualization of ocean currents is carried out, information is collected and transmitted to aircraft pilots on weather and visibility, data on underground points and the threat of earthquakes is disseminated. Without electrode cards, diagrams, plans and reference books, it is difficult to imagine the life of a modern person. Therefore, all professionals directly related to geographic information systems are sincerely congratulated on the third Wednesday of November on GIS Day.

World COPD Day

Day of the national currency "tenge" in Kazakhstan

Memorial Day of Leopold, Patron Saint of Austria (St. Leopold`s Day)

Royal Dynasty Day in Belgium (The King`s Feast)

Day of the Proclamation of the Republic of Brazil (Dia da Proclamacao da Republica)

Shichi-Go-San (children's festival) in Japan (Shichi-Go-San)

Orthodox holidays November 15:

Day of the Shuya-Smolensk Icon of the Mother of God, Hodegetria

Day of Remembrance of the Martyrs Akindinus, Pigasius, Affonia, Elpidiphoros, Anempodista