Elderly people are our lighthouse and sure guide in the stormy waters of the modern world. Elderly family members are dear to the hearts of children and grandchildren not only because the best childhood memories are associated with them. They ensure continuity of generations. Grandparents instill in their descendants the moral and moral values ​​that they received from their parents, and preserve the memory of the past and traditions of their ancestors. Transferring to young people the experience and knowledge accumulated over a lifetime is an important task for the older generation. On October 28, Russia celebrates the Day of Grandparents, who are the strong and reliable foundation of a modern family. A date was chosen for the holiday, which often coincides with the ancient Slavic holiday Navya Week. The second name of the celebration, when our ancestors remembered their ancestors for a week - Autumn Grandfathers. Usually the holiday fell on the last week of October. Grandparents' Day has been celebrated in Russia since 2003. Despite the fact that they are separated from their grandchildren by more than one decade, and they lived in different conditions, it is the elderly members of the family who sometimes understand the younger generation better than parents and friends. You can trust your grandparents with any secret, ask for advice and help, which they will certainly provide, and also pamper and caress. It is not for nothing that there is an opinion that grandchildren are loved more than children. In honor of the holiday, it is customary to call with congratulations, or better yet, to visit representatives of the older generation who live separately from their children. In old age, any sign of attention from grandchildren will be received with gratitude and love, be it a drawing, a hand-made postcard or a narrated poem. Remember, time passes quickly and no one is forever, so at the meeting you can ask grandparents about their parents and other family members who have been dead for a long time. October 28th is a great day to start compiling your family tree. Elderly people need things and household items much less than the younger generation. They are reluctant to change old, familiar clothes for new ones, often do not know how to use modern gadgets, and are reluctant to go even on short trips. Therefore, it is not at all necessary to try to surprise an elderly person with an unusual gift. Arrangements of autumn flowers and indoor plants brought to grandparents on October 28 will help express gratitude for the care they provided to their grandchildren and the help they provided to their children in raising them. A warm family holiday is traditionally celebrated at a table on which there are dishes beloved from childhood. On Grandparents' Day, children and grandchildren wish the older generation to feel great, maintain good spirits and a positive attitude, infecting those around them with love of life and optimism.

Jigoro Kano, the founder of judo, was born on October 28, 1882. It was the date of his birth that became the reason for later, many years later, to establish World Judo Day. Of course, this did not happen right away, and the founder had to prove for many years that his art was viable and useful. This date is traditionally celebrated in Japan itself, as well as in Europe, especially in Eastern Europe: Russia, Belarus, Ukraine. The International Federation established this day not only in memory of the creator, but also because this sport has become very popular. By the way, not everyone thinks that this is an exclusively sports festival. In many ways, judo is also an Eastern philosophy, a way of life where one is taught to use force to protect oneself and the weak, and not to attack. Today, about 20 million people around the world are seriously involved in this sport. The impressive scope gave impetus to the establishment of Judo Day in 2011. Since it is a sports holiday, it is celebrated somewhat differently than many others. On this day, it is customary to popularize not feasts and a carefree lifestyle, but sports and self-improvement, which will lead to harmony of soul and body. The founder himself, Jigoro Kano, as often happens, was a rather sickly child in childhood, which prompted his parents to seriously think about strengthening his body. Subsequently, a special philosophy was added to physical activity. The founder had previously practiced other popular martial arts in Japan, such as jiu-jitsu, but eventually developed his own system. It is noteworthy that he paid great attention to discipline, rigor, and self-control. He also believed that real masters should not take money for training. Therefore, he did not take money from his students, accepting only symbolic gifts in the form of tea and rice. And even more. The founder independently developed a form that was as convenient as possible for classes and distributed it to students. This is how the code of judo was formed, where the emphasis is equally on physical training, strict discipline, the ability to concentrate, as well as on nobility and selflessness. This holiday has become even more popular, since many famous people were or are interested in judo. It is known that Steven Seagal, Vladimir Putin, even Angela Merkel, British film director Guy Ritchie, American actor Chuck Norris and others are involved in it. All this attracted attention to martial arts, so the appearance of the holiday is quite justified. Traditionally, on this day, mass events are held, competitions, competitions, master classes or simply lectures are organized that tell about the complex and very exciting history of this type of martial arts. All this is aimed at popularizing the sport, which equally develops the strength of body and spirit. Sometimes events of this nature are specially dedicated to this date, for example, competitions between different sports schools. Interestingly, judo was officially included in the program of the Tokyo Olympic Games in 1964. At that time, many people in the world showed interest in martial arts, including athletes in the USSR, although there was an unspoken ban on training in martial arts in the Soviet Union. The authorities feared that this could lead to hotbeds of tension and increase crime. And all because Europeans, especially in Eastern Europe, did not take judo seriously for a long time, not paying attention to the fact that, first of all, it instills self-discipline in a person. Fortunately, after a few decades, the scales finally shifted towards judo. Gyms began to actively appear, so the emergence of International Judo Day on October 28 was a logical result.

It is not for nothing that gymnastics is considered one of the most beautiful sports, which emphasizes a person’s grace, lightness, and plasticity. It is not surprising that men also aspire to practice it professionally and participate in competitions. The last Saturday of October is All-Russian Gymnastics Day, which began to be celebrated back in 1999. It is not surprising that it was Russia that initiated the introduction of this day, since traditionally domestic gymnasts are the strongest in the world, holding the palm in numerous international competitions for decades. The initiative to establish the holiday was taken by the Russian Artistic Gymnastics Federation. This sport has been around for a long time. Interestingly, even the statements of some philosophers have been preserved, including the ancient Greek philosopher Plato, who argued that “The gods gave people two gifts that are difficult to overestimate: music and gymnastics.” Ancient Greece traditionally paid great attention to sports, and gymnastics was considered the queen among other sports disciplines. Over time, interest in this sport faded a little, since people had much more serious global problems related to the need to fight for survival. But starting from the 18th century, interest in the sports discipline was revived. And already in 1903, championships in this sport began to be held. Gymnastics was officially included in the Olympic Games program in 1984. However, we must remember that gymnastics is divided into types, for example, rhythmic, rhythmic, sports. Sports is a very traumatic sport and requires significant physical preparation. On the last Saturday of October, it is customary to popularize both gymnastics itself and sports in general. It develops flexibility, grace, and has a huge psychological impact on a person, instilling self-confidence. There are many testimonies of people who say that with the help of music and gymnastics they were able to solve serious psychological problems and get rid of blocks, because such physical activity really relieves stress. True, if you practice at a professional level, you need to be prepared for serious challenges, including potential injuries. Even in rhythmic gymnastics, which is considered simpler than sports gymnastics, almost none of the professional athletes managed to avoid injuries. And some promising participants even had to end their professional careers because of this and return to amateur sports. It is on this day, that is, the last Saturday of October, that it is customary to hold sporting events and talk about the lives of athletes. Some people think that everything happens very naturally, easily. However, such activity means the need to be ready to constantly go to training camps, compete, and experience not only the joy of victory, but also the bitterness of defeat. Also, on this day it is customary to remember sports veterans who have retired. Many of them devoted their lives to coaching, raising more and more generations of young champions. Perhaps the biggest name in this area is that of Irina Viner, a famous former gymnast and then a brilliant coach, who over decades of hard coaching has raised generations of world champions. Yes, not all athletes manage to achieve truly global fame, but they all deserve attention. Schools, sports clubs, and sections hold competitions dedicated to this day. Also, the authorities of many cities and even small towns organize traditional sporting events on this day, designed for any age audience.

The pagan holiday Winter Nights is celebrated on the last Saturday of October. Sometimes it is called Winter's Day or Windnetr. The Winter Nights holiday was common among the Scandinavians: that is why it is called the Old Scandinavian New Year. In the northern latitudes, this day symbolized the transition from a fertile autumn to a harsh, hungry winter. At this time of year in Iceland, Norway and Finland, the sun sets very quickly below the horizon. The Vikings believed that on Winter nights nature died, leaving man without help, the wheel of fate completed its turn. They considered Vetrnetr a time of general renewal, so they got rid of everything old and unnecessary. The Scandinavians initially celebrated this holiday for several days, en masse slaughtering cattle, which, with the onset of cold weather, had nothing to feed. Young people preferred to have weddings on Winter nights, because it was at that time that there was a lot of meat. The symbol of Winter Nights is a flame that allows you to survive the winter. Fire symbolized life's trials and subsequent purification. It was believed that Vetrnetr should not be carried out in the darkness, as it brings troubles and misfortunes to people. Traditionally, Winter nights are a time when a person goes through some kind of test, proving to himself and society his strength and skill. The Scandinavians burned high fires at the temples so that the young men could take part in the initiation rite. Having successfully completed it, young people began to be considered in society as full-fledged warriors and hunters. Adult men competed in prowess, and Winter nights often ended in brutal beatings. During this period, symbolizing the point of transition to difficult trials, the tribe held elections for a leader. Sometimes elections ended in a bloody redistribution of power. This is explained by the fact that the weak leader could not lead the tribe during the harsh winter. It was believed that with the onset of Winter nights, nature ceases to exude vitality. Therefore, people were advised to distract themselves from obtaining food and turn to their own spiritual development. Winter Day is a day associated with death. It was believed that death as a continuation of life inevitably leads to rebirth. On this day, the Scandinavians commemorated the dead and also made sacrifices to the gods in gratitude for the fruitful year. Winter nights could not be spent alone; one had to stay close to one's family. It was also mandatory to spend these holidays in fun. It was believed that a sad and gloomy person could bring misfortune to his family and his tribe. Northern Europeans were early influenced by Christianity. Pagan holidays that existed in Scandinavia were strictly prohibited. In the modern world, Vetrnetr is celebrated only as a folklore holiday. In Scandinavian countries, various thematic festivals and reconstructions of Viking battles are held on this day.

Every year on October 28 a rather significant holiday is held. It's called International Animation Day. This holiday also has another name. It is also called World Cartoon Day. Celebrating Animation Day is dedicated to those people who are related to animation. It is also worth saying that this date is also celebrated by those who love cartoons. As a rule, preparations for the celebration are carried out several days before the designated date. Special festivals are organized for this day. Amateurs and professionals of animation art flock to the venues of such festivals from all over the world. They organize premiere shows of their work, thereby delighting their fans. Such festivals also host concerts, master classes, meetings and various cultural events. For lovers of animation art, this is a great opportunity to view both masterpieces of past years and new works. Professionals exchange experiences with their colleagues and also receive well-deserved congratulations. Animation Day celebrations are already taking place in 104 countries around the world. Including in the Russian Federation. The holiday, which is dedicated to lovers of animation art, has a rather interesting history. In France in 1892, the inventor Reynaud presented an invention at the Grevin Museum that had no analogues at that time. The invention was called a praxinoscope. This device showed moving pictures, which later became known as cartoons. The “optical theater” was shown on October 28. This day is considered the birthday of cartoons. A little later, the Lumiere brothers demonstrated their invention, which gave a second life to moving pictures. Soon, the rapid development of animation began in several countries. Only in 2002, the International Animated Film Association officially approved the animation holiday. On the territory of the Russian Federation, the holiday began to be celebrated in 2007. It is also worth noting that the premiere of the holiday was dedicated to the memory of Alexander Tatarsky. As a result, International Animation Day, by its very existence, brings joy to children and adults. On this wonderful day, lovers of animation art have a unique opportunity to get closer to new masterpieces. Treat yourself to the joy of meeting cartoon characters.

The day when the first aviation squadron equipped with helicopters appeared in Serpukhov is considered the day the army aviation was founded - October 28, 1948. It was thanks to the squadron that aviation began to be considered a separate branch of the military. Initially, helicopter aviation played a auxiliary role; it transported cargo, supplied supplies, adjusted fire, reconnaissance, and was responsible for communications between other branches of the military. The fire was adjusted in such a way that the combat vehicle itself was in the crosshairs of enemy forces on the ground. Over time, helicopters became full-fledged powerful weapons. Since the volume and complexity of the assigned tasks were constantly increasing, a global modernization of the organizational structures of aviation was required. This is how the transition of helicopter units from solving secondary tasks to primary army ones took place. However, regardless of how powerfully armed an army is, people who masterfully wield weapons are of great importance. These people must be organized and trained; the outcome of any military operation and the solution of assigned tasks directly depends on them. Army aviation commanders have enormous ideological and organizational experience, which was gained in peaceful conditions and in combat conditions. It was the introduction of invaluable experience into military practice, as well as analysis and generalization, that contributed to a significant increase in the combat power of helicopter units and the entire Air Force. Throughout the history of army aviation, crews have visited hot spots in Russia and other countries. In the 80s it was Afghanistan, it was then that examples of heroism and the highest level of skill were shown. In the 90s, the families of Russian military personnel were evacuated from Tajikistan. Today, standards of heroism and courage carry out combat missions in the North Caucasus. In the early 90s, aviation left the Russian Air Force and gained independence, and in 2003 it was transferred back. Since 2015, the Russian Air Force has been part of the country's Aerospace Forces. In peaceful conditions, aviation accompanies exercises of various levels; none of the activities for the training of the Ground Forces is complete without the active participation of combat and transport helicopters. The professional experience of the crews was useful during the liquidation of the consequences of the accident at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant. Unfortunately, even then there were casualties. On the fateful day of October 2, 1986, captain V. Vorobiev and his crew died in a Mi-8 crash. The equipment of Russian army aviation is considered one of the best in the world. It has thousands of helicopters for various missions. Some types of combat vehicles are exclusive and have no analogues in the world. Development of new models is ongoing. The helicopter fleet is constantly updated and expanded; every year the Russian troops receive several combat helicopter units as part of the state rearmament program. They are distributed among various parts and connections. Army Aviation Day involves festive events - this includes honors, presentation of awards, demonstrations, parades and reviews, concerts. Each event begins with a minute of silence. On this day, results are also summed up, problems are brought up for discussion, and prospects for activities are checked. The guarantee of a peaceful and calm life for the country is loyalty to the oath, courage, courage and professionalism of those in the ranks, their faith in the common cause. A high level of skill and heroism evokes deep and sincere respect. October 28 is celebrated not only by military pilots and commanders, but also by everyone who is directly related to army aviation: engineers, designers and others.

Delicious cookies are a great addition to tea, milk, coffee, compote, juice, fruit drink, and any other non-alcoholic drink. It is produced in a wide range by the food industry. However, homemade cookies, prepared with love by craftswomen, are much tastier and more appetizing than those produced on production lines. Therefore, it is not surprising that there is such a holiday - Homemade Cookie Day. It is celebrated annually on the same day - October 28. History hides the name of the figure who invented the holiday of homemade cookies. This could be a lover of delicious baked goods or its manufacturer, a person close or far from cooking. Homemade Cookie Day could have been invented by someone's mother, grandmother, sister, aunt. But this is not so important. The main thing is that this holiday you can enjoy your sweet and savory baked goods with a beautiful appearance. On this day or the day before, it is customary to bake cookies, gingerbreads, cakes, cheesecakes, waffles, buns, muffins, pies, and pastries. Every housewife can surprise her household and guests with rich, lingering, sugar cookies of amazing taste with an original addition and fancy shapes. On the holiday, it is customary to gather with friends, relatives, neighbors, and former classmates for tea. In this case, each participant must bring with him cookies or other baked goods prepared with his own hands. On Homemade Cookie Day, people feast on goodies and organize competitions, games, entertainment, karaoke singing, watching their favorite films and their video library. Some types of baked goods can include notes with predictions, wishes, and interesting phrases. It will bring laughter, pleasure, fun. Homemade cookies are a favorite treat for children and adults. It can be very diverse in appearance and shape, taste, aroma, dough composition, and method of preparation. Its beauty lies in the fact that any aromatic and flavorful ingredients can be added to a home-made product. The emphasis is on natural products that are safe for health. Homemade cookies are complemented favorably with: • powdered sugar, bright sweet glaze made from natural vegetable or fruit juices; • raisins, dried fruits, candied fruits, berries, poppy seeds, nuts, seeds, sesame seeds; • jam, apples, chocolate, condensed milk, caramel; • ginger powder, coconut flakes, vanillin , tomato juice;• cocoa powder, cinnamon, cottage cheese, honey;• pumpkin, carrots, viburnum, etc. Depending on the ingredients used, cookies can be cracker, chocolate, oatmeal, cottage cheese, ginger, tomato, nut, etc. On Homemade Cookie Day, you can find a treat with a very interesting solution. Benefits of homemade cookies Homemade baked goods are better than those sold in stores in that the dough uses high-quality products that are acceptable for people with certain taste preferences. Such baking will not contain products to which family members are allergic or have a negative attitude. Benefits of homemade cookies: • excellent taste; • moderate sweetness or saltiness; • inclusion of milk, eggs, fats, cocoa, flavorings within acceptable limits, depending on preferences and desires; • beautiful appearance, different designs; • desired shape, level of frying; • use of special molds . With smart planning, homemade baked goods will cost less than industrial production. A fun holiday, Homemade Cookie Day, which is celebrated every year on October 28, is one of the most revered and loved holidays.

The construction of stone and brick aqueducts was carried out by the Mayans, ancient Greeks and Romans. These hydraulic structures supplied water to large cities, which flowed by gravity through galleries and other structural elements located at a slight angle of inclination. In the Russian Empire, the first water supply system was built in the 19th century. in Moscow. It originated in the village of Bolshie Mytishchi. Before the era of Peter I, townspeople used water from ponds and the Moscow River, which became polluted due to the rapid development of industry and population growth. The brick water supply project, which was based on the principles of construction of Roman aqueducts, was developed by engineer Friedrich Bauer. However, the implementation of plans in 1787 was prevented by the Russian-Turkish war. The construction of the water pipeline, which had been stopped for 11 long years, was completed by another engineer, Ivan Gerard. To collect groundwater, 28 pools were initially built, and later 15 more were added to them. On October 28, 1804, the Rostokinsky aqueduct, almost 300 m long, with 21 arches, each 7.3 m high, was opened. From the Mytishchi springs through the Yauza, water began to flow by gravity through pipes to Moscow, a city with almost 200 thousand people. Then other galleries, key wells and pools began to work. The construction project, begun under Catherine II in 1779, was completed. In honor of this event, the birthday of the Moscow water supply system was established, which is celebrated on October 28. Carpenters, soldiers, corporals and non-commissioned officers worked on the construction of the hydraulic structure. The Moscow water supply system has been reconstructed more than once. The brick elements of the Rostokinsky aqueduct gallery began to fall off first, and the wooden grillages of the foundation began to rot and settle. In 1826, on the site of a collapsed water pipeline in Sokolnicheskaya Grove, a reservoir was built in the Sukhorevskaya Tower, Alekseevskaya water pumping station and several fountains. The reconstruction was led by engineer Nikolai Yashin. In 1853-1858. water intake from the Mytishchi ponds was increased 10 times. For this purpose, powerful steam engines were installed in the Alekseevsky reservoir, which supplied water under pressure to the Sukharevskaya tower. Under the leadership of engineer Andrei Delvig, the first 15 wells were built to extinguish fire, marking the beginning of the creation of a fire safety system for the city. The project of the New Mytishchi water pipeline was released in 1887-1888. This was due to an increase in Moscow's need for water to 1 million 120 thousand buckets per day with the prospect of growth to 3.5 million buckets. The updated structure, built under the leadership of engineers Evgeny Corre, Vladimir Shukhov and Konstantin Lembke, opened in 1892. In 1903, up to 4 million buckets of water per day were supplied to the capital through the Mytishchi pumping station. Today, Moscow Water Supply is an example of automation and digitalization of production processes. Disinfection is carried out instead of toxic liquid chlorine with sodium hypochlorite. In the modern water supply system of the capital, there are 9 hydraulic, 75 water intake and 19 regulatory nodes, 13 thousand km. networks and 4 water treatment stations. The uninterrupted operation of the facility is ensured by more than 12 thousand professionals. On October 28, they, together with other city residents, celebrate the birthday of the Moscow water supply system.

The brothers in Ray Bradbury's "Dandelion Wine" collect flowers for their grandfather to make a sweet, brightly colored drink reminiscent of summer. People use berries, leaves, roots and stems of wild herbs and shrubs for food not only in literary works of the fantasy genre. The ancestors of the Eastern Slavs prepared dishes from horsetail, sorrel, rapeseed, oak and rowan fruits, hare sour and nuts. Nettles were used to make salads and suritsa, a honey-based drink that tasted like kvass. Before the beginning of farming, ancient man practiced gathering. Today, this tradition is continued by representatives of wild tribes living in the Amazon jungle and in South Africa. Thus, among the Bushmen, up to 80% of the food consumed is of plant origin. However, the men of the tribe still go hunting, like their ancestors hundreds and thousands of years ago. At this time, women collect and prepare dishes from wild mongongo tree nuts, seeds, roots, leaves, stems, berries and fruits. Man cultivated rice and purslane, cucumbers and eggplants, cauliflower and tomatoes, asparagus, grapes, strawberries and other berries. Today, extracts are made from the petals of the once wild rose to obtain essential oil, jelly and jam are made, and violets are used to make jams, sweets and drinks. However, many edible plants can still only be found in the wild. The holiday is dedicated to finding and getting to know them, the first mentions of which in the media date back to the mid-1970s. Since then, Wild Food Day has been celebrated every year. For many Europeans, eating plants that are only found in the wild is not something surprising. French cuisine is famous for its delights thanks to the preparation of dishes from acorns, chestnuts and truffles growing in oak and beech groves. Residents of the Spanish region of Pilogna eat nasturtium flowers, other provinces eat wild plums and blackberries, radishes and mushrooms, and add fennel and laurel leaves to their dishes. Italians boil and stew asparagus, bake “herbal” pies from dandelion, spinach, chicory, watercress, nettle, anise, poppy seeds, carrots and spinach, which are collected in meadows and fields. According to one version, Wild Foods Day appeared thanks to Ewell Gibbons, the author of the book “In Search of the Wild Guard,” published in 1962. Thanks to this American writer and other nature lovers, Wild Food Days began to be held at different times throughout the year. Today, according to the established in the 1990s. traditions, the holiday is celebrated on the last Saturday and Sunday of October. In honor of this event, excursions are held in nature reserves and national parks, the participants of which learn a lot about wild plants, collect them, and then prepare delicious and healthy dishes. The celebration is often confused with the Wild Food Festival, an annual March celebration held in Hokitika, New Zealand. Guests of the Hokitika Wildfoods Festival take part in a costume competition, get acquainted with the picturesque nature of the islands, try snails collected from the gardens of local residents, "mountain oysters", dishes from crocodiles and kangaroos, fritters from young fish, ice cream from wasp larvae, crispy tarantulas and other delights . This exotic food is not included in the mandatory diet of New Zealanders, just like wild herbs, trees, shrubs and their fruits among residents of America and Europe. However, this fact does not negate the taste and nutritional value of wild foods, which our ancestors knew well. Wild Food Day encourages people to remember that people once lived in harmony with nature and took advantage of its generous gifts.

On October 28, the folk Christian holiday Efim Autumn is celebrated. It is associated with the name of the Christian saint Euthymius the New. Euthymius, in the world Nikita, was born in 824 in Galatia, which was located on the territory of modern Turkey. His noble parents Anna and Epiphanius were famous throughout the area for their piety and godly deeds. In the seventh year of his life, Nikita lost his father. The boy began to help his mother run the household and look after his sisters. When the time came for him to fulfill his military duty, he never ceased to be Anna’s assistant. The mother found a modest, kind bride, Euphrosyne, for her son. The couple had a daughter, Anastasia. After making sure that his wife and older sister zealously helped Anna in running the household, Nikita decided to leave the family and become a monk. On the day of remembrance of the martyr Nikita, the man left the house without explaining the reason to anyone. Nikita went to travel, in unfamiliar lands he tried to learn love for God and obedience. One day he had a chance to attend the sermon of Joannicius the Great at Mount Olympus. He, seeing the young man, decided to test the strength of his obedience. He told the crowd of people that Nikita was a murderer and ordered him to be detained. The young man did not make excuses and allowed himself to be grabbed. Struck by his humility, Ioannikis predicted great glory for him in the work of serving God. Then Nikita left this place because he did not want to gain the glory of a great ascetic. He came to Elder John, who named him Euthymius and taught him silent monasticism. One day a monk was passing near his native place. He sent a cross to his family with the news that Nikita was no more, but the monk Euthymius was there. The man advised his relatives to follow his example. All the women from Nikita's family, except for the recently married daughter, listened to Euthymius and became nuns. Euthymius became famous for the fact that he zealously and humbly served the Lord. At first he ate nothing but grass for forty days, crouching close to the ground like an animal. Then he spent three years in a cave in silence. Trying to escape fame among the ascetics, Euthymius went to live on Novy Island. After this, the Lord ordered him to go to Thessaloniki and build a monastery there. The inhabitants of Thessaloniki accepted Euthymius as an angel sent by God. Here the man was able to restore a long-forgotten temple. Then a monastery arose near the temple. For his virtue, Euthymius of Thessalonica was awarded by God with the gift of healing and a vision of the future. In 889, the elder died painlessly. On this day, the people continued to prepare for winter. People cleaned beehives, insulated their homes, and repaired warm clothes. It was customary to wear flax on Efim, so the holiday was sometimes called Flax. Special shows were held: they took flax out into the yard and looked at who had it thinner and softer. It was believed that on this day the kikimora sneaks into the home from the swamps and sits down at the loom, where it becomes visible to people. On October 28, women prayed to Saint Euthymius for protection from evil spirits. Signs on Efim Autumn: • A red sunset foreshadows imminent frosts. • An owl screams during the day - bad weather. • If you meet a mosquito on this day, it means the winter will be mild. • The stars are dim - the warmth will last for another half a month.

Plush Animal Lover's Day

Mountain Mari Language Day

Day of the liberation of Ukraine from fascist invaders

Czech Independence Day

Ochi Day in Greece

Ochi Day in Cyprus

Orthodox holidays on October 28:

Orthodox holidays - Memorial Day of St. Euthymius of New Thessalonica

Feast of the Icon of the Mother of God "Spreader of the Loaves"

Memorial Day of the Venerable Martyr Lucian of Antioch

Dmitrievskaya Parental Saturday is the day of remembrance of the dead in the calendar of Orthodox holidays, which appeared there as a memory of the Russian army that died in the Battle of Kulikovo. The moving date is directly related to the day of remembrance of the Great Martyr Dmitry of Thessaloniki - November 8. The closest Saturday before the celebration of the saint sometimes coincides with other important Orthodox dates and then it is moved forward a week. The choice of this particular date for commemoration was not accidental, and took place in 1380 by the will of Dmitry Donskoy. Saint Dmitry of Thessalonica was greatly revered in Rus' in the early Christian period and was even revered as an assistant in the fight against the Tatar-Mongol yoke. His personality aroused special respect among the Russian princes (not only Donskoy was baptized in honor of the saint), and Dmitriev's day was traditionally considered a great holiday among all Slavs. After the battle on the Kulikovo Field, Dmitry Donskoy visited the Trinity-Sergius Monastery and his spiritual mentor. Sergius of Radonezh had recognized ecclesiastical influence for his monastic activities, and at the same time was a wise politician. This ascetic of the Russian land strove to unite the people, and his spiritual and moral authority allowed him to become Dmitry’s advisor and help in the affairs of the principality. Sergius approved the idea of ​​commemorating the fallen army, because in that fateful battle many defenders from different parts of Rus' were killed. Historians estimate that numbers have been distorted over time, bringing the number of combatants on both sides to hundreds of thousands, which is not true. What researchers agree with chroniclers who tend to embellish reality is that almost half of the entire Russian warriors actually died (approximately 20-30 thousand people). Traditions of commemorating the dead are rooted in the pre-Christian past. There were also autumn commemorations in the calendar of the ancient Slavs - Grandfather's Saturday. Traditional rich food and symbolism, for example, spoons for the dead, were adopted by the Orthodox Church, but ennobled and improved. In the church practice of that time, performed according to the Greek model, Demetrius Saturday did not appear until 1380. But even after its establishment, changes occurred over time. From surviving documentary sources it is known that in the 15th-17th centuries they did not limit themselves to memorial services in a number of parishes; the charter of worship equates the importance of Demetrius Saturday with the ecumenical Saturday, although this is not entirely true (Meat Empty and Trinity Saturday are considered such). Today, the liturgical rite includes evening and morning services. Before visiting the graves, you should come to the church where the memorial service is being served in order to have time to submit a note with the names of the deceased and order commemorations on the altar. It is worth giving up household chores if this interferes with visiting the temple and praying for loved ones. On this day, cultural events are organized aimed at spiritual, moral and patriotic education, because this particular Saturday serves as a reminder of the ancestors who gave their lives to protect the Russian land and Orthodoxy. The importance of this holiday and the duty of every believer is to help the dead receive relief through prayer, which serves as a way of communication between the living and the dead.