In many countries, the car has become an integral part of social life, and the relatively young profession of “driver” is one of the most common. In Russia, road transport workers have their own holiday, emphasizing respect for this profession - the last Sunday in October. Motorist Day was officially established in 1976, and later confirmed by additional government decrees. With the collapse of the USSR, the holiday was preserved unchanged only in Belarus; in other CIS countries it was modified or completely abolished. Today in the Russian Federation this is not only a professional holiday - it also unites amateurs, ordinary people, true fans of the automotive world, passionate about the history of the development of the automotive industry. The self-propelled carriages that appeared at the end of the 19th century were considered amusing curiosities. And even now they will seem like that to a modern person. In Germany, they managed to preserve an outstanding example of 1885, designed by K. Benz. Another name without which it is impossible to consider the history of the car is the German designer G. Daimler. It was he who proposed 4 wheels instead of a 3-wheel model. The first self-propelled cars did not even have a steering wheel, and its functions were performed by a lever. The patents received by the inventors in time forever secured their status as the founders of this land transport, and the company they founded, Daimler-Benz (although now it has a different name) produces the famous Mercedes. Russian craftsmen did not have time to receive the laurels of their creators. The first domestic ancestor of the car was designed in the spring of 1896 by E. Yakovlev and P. Frese. The unit with a 2 horsepower motor was presented at the Novgorod industrial exhibition, and although it has not been preserved, there is a copy in the museum. France mastered the first more mass production in the world. The origin of the word “chauffeur”, which took root in the Soviet Union, is interesting. It comes from the French language, in which it itself became a symbol of scientific discoveries at the end of the 19th century. The literal translation "stoker" refers to the steam engine, when coal and firewood were used. It was necessary to have a fair amount of dexterity in the process of planting and management. France also has another achievement - the first automobile race took place from Paris to Rouen in 1894. Already at the dawn of the automobile industry, each manufacturer tried to prove that its copy was the best. 102 samples took part in the first races. Peugeot set a record of that time - 20 km/h. Mass domestic production has its own history and dates back to 1932, when the first car was released from the assembly line at the Gorky Automobile Plant (not without the participation of another legend of the automotive industry - the Ford company). At first our cars were copies of American ones, but then they acquired their own identity, taking into account local realities. For a long time, a private car was considered a luxury - in the Soviet Union it was such for a long time, until the end of the 70s, because the bulk of the products produced were trucks. The car left a significant mark during the Second World War - for example, the GAZ-MM, nicknamed the “lorry”. It accounted for up to half of the fleet of all cars, and it was the “lorry” that most often walked along the blockade “Road of Life”. Therefore, on Motorist Day, front-line drivers who transported strategic cargo and the wounded are not forgotten. Flowers are laid at the monuments to motorist soldiers. Today, anyone who wants to take part in the holiday will be surprised by the number of events organized for this occasion, especially in large cities. They are satisfied not only by local authorities and activists - large dealers of some popular brands are actively involved. Car rallies to significant places, flash mobs, quests, competitions in driving skills - participants or spectators will not be bored. This holiday is far from formal: it can provide a good, positive mood even to those who have no professional connection to it.

On October 29, ultrasound doctors celebrate their professional holiday. Today, ultrasound is considered one of the most effective and safe diagnostic methods. It is used when making a diagnosis by doctors of various specialties. Allows you to get an accurate idea of ​​the state of various organs and systems of the human body. The scope of research based on ultrasound exposure is expanding every year. Ultrasound is a non-invasive method for examining tissues and organs, which is based on the principle of echolocation. A special device transmits ultrasonic waves to the area under study. Then the reflection of these waves from the walls of certain organs is recorded. The image obtained from the reflection is displayed on the screen. It allows the ultrasound doctor to draw conclusions about the patient’s health. These findings are reflected in a report that is sent to the attending physician. The ultrasound diagnostic method has the following advantages:• harmlessness, no consequences for the patient’s health;• high information content;• the ability to diagnose pathologies in the early stages;• the ability to monitor the patient’s condition over time;• ease of research and high speed of obtaining results;• the possibility of using examination of infants from the first days of life; • no need for complex or lengthy patient preparation. The first experiments with ultrasound were carried out in the 19th century. Then the theory of sound was developed, which laid the foundation for the concept of ultrasound. In the 20th century, research continued, and ultrasonic waves began to be used to detect defects in metal. In the 1930s, attempts began to introduce ultrasound into medicine. They lasted about ten years, as a result, the effectiveness of ultrasonic waves in diagnosing tumors was proven. In 1949, the prototype of modern ultrasonic devices was developed. It was a liquid-filled reservoir. The patient was placed inside, and a special scanner moved around him. The research took quite a long time. Soon, a more convenient portable device was created that provides images of detected tumors in real time. The research method using this device was called echography. By the mid-60s, ultrasound scanners had already acquired a look close to modern models. Nowadays, the ultrasound method is still being improved. 2D imaging is being replaced by 3D and 4D ultrasound. Equipment for such studies is available in almost all medical institutions. Diagnostics with their help takes literally a few minutes. It is possible to record the study on a regular flash drive or other media.

October 29 marks World Stroke Day, a pathology that ranks second among causes of death after coronary heart disease. It can develop slowly or in a matter of minutes, but is always fatal if the patient does not receive medical attention. According to statistics, strokes are rapidly making people “younger.” If previously it was predominantly older people who died from it, today stroke after 30 years of age is becoming not an exception, but a kind of rule. Stroke Day is intended to draw public attention to this global problem, because in almost 80% of cases this pathology can be avoided altogether. Contrary to common misconceptions, a stroke has nothing to do with the heart, as it is characterized by a violation of cerebral circulation. There are two main scenarios for stroke - ischemic and hemorrhagic. In the first case, the pathology develops quite slowly. One of the arteries that supplies brain cells becomes narrowed or blocked by a blood clot, causing the cells to slowly die. It can develop against the background of atherosclerosis, thrombosis, and hypotension. Ischemic stroke has its own classification depending on the clinical picture. This type of pathology is more common, accounting for up to 80% of stroke cases. Due to its slow course, ischemic stroke can be recognized by a number of signs, which will be discussed further. Hemorrhagic stroke always develops rapidly. The patient feels such a sharp headache that he usually immediately loses consciousness. At this time, hemorrhage begins in the brain - a vessel ruptures with the formation of a hematoma, which compresses the brain tissue. Hemorrhagic stroke can develop against the background of hypertension, blood diseases, alcoholism, rupture of an aneurysm, physical or psychological stress. The earlier a stroke can be recognized, the higher the sick person’s chances of saving his life. Early diagnosis also increases the likelihood of full rehabilitation later. The most difficult situation arises with hemorrhagic stroke. Changes in the brain occur so rapidly that it is almost impossible to prevent hemorrhage, but the patient may develop a severe headache, blurred vision, sweating, dry mouth, tachycardia or arrhythmia, and a feeling of heat the day before. Ischemic stroke has a number of characteristic symptoms that appear in most people. As mentioned above, this pathology develops slowly. The patient may experience confusion, headache, blurred vision or speech, numbness in the arms or legs up to paralysis, but only on one side - either the left or the right. There is also a simple stroke diagnosis that anyone can do. To do this, you need to ask the potential patient to say something, smile and raise both hands. If he really has a stroke, then one corner of his lips does not rise and the smile will turn out crooked. Such patients also cannot raise both arms; one will either be lower or even begin to move to the side. Speech disorder is another characteristic sign of a stroke, so a person will not be able to pronounce phrases clearly. Many patients characterize this condition as “porridge in the mouth.” Unfortunately, the patient’s behavior is in many ways reminiscent of the behavior of a person under the influence of alcohol, so passers-by often pass by such people, unaware that they need urgent medical attention.

Day of workers of the private security service of the Russian Guard

“I will not part with the Komsomol, I will be forever young!” - sang N. Gnatyuk, I. Kobzon and other Soviet pop artists in the 70s of the last century. The Komsomol was associated with youth, student hikes with gatherings around the fire, construction projects of the Baikal-Amur Mainline, Magnitka and Turksib, and the development of virgin lands. The birthday of the Komsomol is considered to be October 29 - the date of the First All-Russian Congress of Unions of Workers' and Peasants' Youth in 1918. Two years after its founding, there were about 500 thousand people in the ranks of the movement. V.I. spoke to its members in 1920 at the opening of the Third Congress. Lenin. The organization's circles worked in Petrograd, Moscow and other large cities of the Land of Soviets. Initially, the movement was called the All-Russian Union of Communist Youth (VSKM), which in 1924 began to be called Lenin’s in memory of the leader of the world proletariat. The ranks of the organization consisted of young men and women who, after reaching 28 years of age, joined the ranks of the Communist Party. Over the years of the movement's existence, Komsomol members have contributed to the heroic chronicle of the history of the USSR. In 1930, the Komsomol, “a loyal and fighting reserve of the party,” took part in eliminating mass illiteracy through universal education programs. During the years of the first five-year plan, members of the union taught more than 45 million secular citizens to write and read. They raised the country from the ashes at the end of the Civil War, more than 11 million Komsomol members helped achieve victory in the Great Patriotic War. Over 3.5 million people received awards for courage and courage shown during the Second World War. Young people performed feats of labor every day in peacetime, participating in the construction of the Moscow metro, factories, gas pipelines and railways throughout the Soviet Union. Using a “Komsomol voucher” from the local Komsomol cell, boys and girls were sent to work in hard-to-reach and sparsely populated areas of the USSR, where there was a shortage of personnel. The youth, through their deeds, every day proved their devotion to the country and the Soviet people. The organization collected monthly fees - 2 kopecks from schoolchildren, 1-1.5% from the salary of a working member. The mouthpiece of the ideas of the youth movement was the newspaper "Komsomolskaya Pravda", the first issue of which was published back in 1925. The publication actively promoted not only the ideas of communism, but also the sports lifestyle, covered the labor exploits of Komsomol members, and wrote about their life and hobbies. The newspaper's correspondent offices operated throughout the USSR and abroad. The Komsomol ceased to exist in September 1991 after the August putsch. Despite the fact that the ideological meaning of the holiday has been lost, the Komsomol Birthday continues to be one of the dearest celebrations for everyone whose childhood and youth occurred during the Soviet Union.

Golden autumn is famous for its beauty, which is hampered by the rain and cold that replaced the dry and hot summer. In October and November, people take out warm clothes and accessories stored in closets on mezzanines. One of the most popular autumn wardrobe attributes is a scarf, the history of which dates back about 2 thousand years. According to legend, it appeared thanks to the Scandinavian goddess of love and fertility Freya. She ordered the snakes to wrap around the neck of a man dying of cold, whom she discovered in her domain. So, thanks to Freya and the reptiles, a scarf appeared. A long, bright accessory not only keeps you warm in bad weather, but is also an indispensable part of the image of a creative person. The famous writer and playwright of the Victorian era, Oscar Wilde, was famous for his witty sayings and impeccable style. In his plays, most of the main characters wore long scarves, which emphasized their individuality and unique style. One of the most striking accessories can be found in Wilde’s play “An Ideal Husband.” Her heroine Georgette wore a luxurious silk scarf along with her chic outfit, which helped create the image of an attractive and elegant woman. The accessory came into fashion at the end of the 19th century. Scarves were worn by aviators and artists in the 1870s. Much later, in the 1920s, they became an element of the wardrobe of representatives of the working class. The scarf owed its popularity to the fact that it made it possible to rarely change shirt collars that got dirty, and it also protected well from cold and bad weather. A holiday has been established in honor of a wardrobe detail that is not subject to fashion trends. October 29th is Long Colorful Scarf Day. Satin or leather elbow-length gloves, hats and silk scarves around the neck were popular accessories for women's fashion in the 20s and 30s. last century. They added sophistication and mystery to the created image and spoke of the good taste of the owner. A long silk scarf in the USSR during the NEP and later was considered an attribute of the bourgeois style. Young enthusiastic girls dreamed about him in the mid-80s. The heroine of the popular Soviet film “Courier” voices her fantasies out loud: “I want to say what I dream about! I dream of being very beautiful so that all men will like me, and I also want to drive in a beautiful sports car so that I can wear a long scarlet scarf , and on the seat next to him there was a tape recorder and a small dog." The girl Katya, who created an image of a luxurious life in her fantasies, apparently was not familiar with the biography of Isadora Duncan. For connoisseurs of history and curious cases, the unusual holiday refers to the events of bygone days. Few people know that the cause of death of the beloved poet Sergei Yesenin, dancer Isadora Duncan, was the long scarlet scarf that was part of her stage image. In the fall of 1927, the artist went for a walk around Nice in an open-top car. The ill-fated scarf that went down in history was wrapped around Duncan’s neck. While driving, its edge unexpectedly came under a car wheel. The scarlet accessory was tied around the neck of a woman who hit her head on the side of an Amilcar Gran Sport racing car, which was not noticed by the driver. The driver continued to press the gas pedal, and when he saw that something irreparable had happened, the dancer had already died from suffocation. However, the Day of Long Multicolored Scarves is, first of all, a holiday of beauty and grace, a celebration of life in all its manifestations. French designer Jean-Paul Gaultier, who set the tone for fashion in the 20th century, is known for his bold experiments with images and unique style. Released by the fashion designer in 1937 under the Hermès brand, the bright red scarf became his attribute, an integral part of his personality, which spoke of the courage and rebellious spirit of the owner. In honor of the holiday on October 29, photo sessions are organized that allow you to experiment with creating new and fresh looks using a popular accessory. Fashionistas and fashionistas buy bright and long scarves in stores or knit them themselves, put them on and go for a walk. A colorful accessory will help you transform yourself, forget about depression and cheer up even the most notorious skeptics and pessimists on a rainy autumn day.

On October 29, a funny holiday is celebrated - Talker's Day. The fictional species of birds is a figment of the imagination of children's writer Kir Bulychev, who wrote the famous story "The Secret of the Third Planet." The film adaptation of the book was no less popular - a popular science cartoon filmed by director Roman Kachanov, the author of the famous "Cheburashka" and "Mittens". A distinctive feature of the talker, who was sheltered by the ushans, the inhabitants of the planet Blook, was the talent to reproduce sounds or words ever heard and to move in space. The feathered one, which travelers Alisa Selezneva, her father and Captain Zeleny met, loved to praise himself, asserting: “The talker bird is distinguished by its intelligence and intelligence.” This is interesting: “The Secret of the Third Planet” was shown at the box office in many countries around the world. His characters were dubbed at various times by James Belushi (voiced by the talker), Kristen Dunst, Jean Reno, Toto Cutugno, Hugh Laurie, Adriano Celentano (voiced by Gromozeka) and Hugh Grant. In honor of Talker's Day, fans of K. Bulychev's work are re-reading books about Alice Selezneva and reviewing cartoons about her adventures, disassembled into quotes. The artist Natalya Orlova, who drew the characters, was the writer's neighbor. The prototype of Alice was her daughter Ekaterina, and Captain Green was the girl’s father. The hardest thing for the artist was to come up with the appearance of Gromozeka. Bulychev does not have a detailed description of this hero in his books. Readers are only told that he resembles both an elephant and an octopus, can fly, has 3 hearts, 8 eyes and 10 tentacles. N. Orlova could not imagine the hero for a long time, but when she saw a tin can on the table, she came up with the idea that he would look like her. This is interesting: Govorun in Bulychev’s story is a “super parrot” with a crest and 2 beaks. The artist painted only one tentacle for the bird, as well as 6 tentacles - Gromozeka. It was technically difficult to depict 10 pieces and use them in stories with the character. For Talker's Day, it is recommended to learn a couple of tongue twisters, or better yet, cast a real monument. In the center of Vologda, near the university building, an iron sculpture was installed in honor of the character in K. Bulychev’s story. The author was master blacksmith Artem Marshak, who created a monument to the talker for City Day. In 2021, the animated film “The Secret of the Third Planet” turned 40 years old. All his characters, even the negative Veselchak and Glot, were loved by viewers from many countries around the world. It is known that the talker bird is worth an entire zoo. This hero evokes sympathy among most connoisseurs of K. Bulychev’s work. Therefore, in honor of the funny cartoon character, a holiday is celebrated every year on October 29 - Talker Day.

According to the popular calendar, the Day of Longinus the Centurion falls on October 29. On this day, the Orthodox Church honors the memory of the saint from Cappadocia, who, together with other soldiers, served at the crucifixion of Christ and witnessed all the miraculous phenomena at the Cross of the Lord. According to popular belief, it is believed that you should not quarrel with anyone during the holiday, since anger can bring misfortune. Longinus the Centurion, by the will of fate, witnessed the crucifixion of Christ and saw all the miracles that happened after that. Before his eyes, an eclipse of the sun occurred, an earthquake and the dead rose from the opened coffins. Impressed by what he saw, Longinus believed that Jesus was the son of God. It was he who had to pierce the crucified Messiah with a spear. The centurion, who had very poor vision, regained his sight after blood came into his eyes. He reported his healing, the miracles he saw and the resurrection of Jesus to Pontius Pilate. After this, the bishops and elders paid the soldiers money so that they would not tell anyone about the Resurrection of Christ and told the people that the disciples of the Messiah had stolen the body at night. The centurion did not take the money and told people that he had seen the miracle of the resurrection of Christ. After this, Longinus decided to leave his service and leave Jerusalem for Cappadocia. There he was baptized and began to preach the Word of God. Having learned about the centurion's departure, Pilate accused him of daring to disobey the orders of the Roman authorities, and ordered Longinus to be executed. The saint learned that he would have to suffer martyrdom by revelation from God. When the soldiers came to him to fulfill the will of Pilate, he and his like-minded people came out to meet them. After this, the soldiers beheaded the preachers, who dressed in white robes and did not interfere with their tormentors. According to legend, by order of Pontius Pilate, Longinus's severed head was thrown into a garbage heap outside the city. There she lay until a pious blind widow found her. The woman buried her and then miraculously regained her sight. People believe that Longinus the Sotnik can heal eye diseases and protect the house from evil spirits. The ancestors believed that the saint protected the home from all sorts of dangers. On October 29, warm things were taken out of chests, and then they were taken out into the cold so that they were filled with healing sunlight. On this day it was customary to go to church. Many blind people asked the saint for insight and lit candles in his honor. They also prayed to Longinus that there would be order in the house, and that evil spirits would bypass it. Housewives baked pies and handed them out to those who passed by. It was believed that if you did not treat the messenger Longinus, you could let the evil spirit into your yard. Hunters going out to hunt asked Longinus to make the hunt successful with the help of prayer. Unmarried girls baked pies on this day and brought them to the grooms' gates on this day. If the groom came out and tried the pie, it means he loves it. And if you tasted another girl’s pie, that’s a bad omen. In the evening it was customary to tell fortunes about the betrothed. Usually unmarried girls used to tell fortunes using water with a candle. To find out what the weather will be like in the near future, on the Day of Longinus the Centurion, it was customary to pay attention to various signs: 1. A strong gusty wind foreshadows rain.2. If the wind blows from the southwest, bad weather will soon be expected, which will drag on for a long time.3. If it rains in the morning, it won’t last long, but if it rains in the afternoon, it can rain for more than a day.4. Rare clouds in the sky foreshadow clear frosty weather.5. A pale moon with blurry edges means frosty weather;6. If the sky is starry at night, then the next day the weather will be warm.7. When poultry stands on one leg, you need to wait for cold weather;8. Clouds floating against the wind mean heavy rain.9. Hanging dark clouds - to the approaching bad weather.10. If a layer of frost appears on the trees, you can expect warming. People born on October 29 are distinguished by their decisiveness, steadfastness and domineering character. They always find unusual solutions to standard problems. Their stone is agate. Thanks to him, they can gain wealth and financial well-being.

Non-infectious chronic skin diseases, the main symptom of which are pink and red skin rashes, affect from 2 to 4.6% of the world's population. In addition to plaques with silvery-white scales that disrupt the integrity of the dermis, psoriasis affects the condition of the joints, heart and kidneys. In severe cases, the pathology causes arthrosis, arthritis, coronary heart disease and other related diseases. World Psoriasis Day is celebrated on October 29 to raise awareness of this autoimmune disease. The establishment of the holiday was initiated in 2004 by the International Federation of Psoriasis Associations. Events held for Psoriasis Day are aimed at raising people's awareness of this pathology. The purpose of World Psoriasis Day is primarily to inform the public that the disease is not contagious, like pityriasis versicolor, cutaneous T-cell lymphoma or nail fungus. Most often, psoriasis occurs due to hereditary predisposition or immune failure. With timely prevention, if a person belongs to a risk group, the disease can be avoided. Rash, redness and peeling of the skin can appear at any age. Psoriasis most often affects people under 30 years of age. The main risk factors include: • streptococcal and other focal infections; • endocrine diseases; • stress and psychological trauma; • immunodeficiency; • solar and X-ray irradiation; • protein and lipid metabolism disorders; • skin and joint injuries; • fungus and mycoplasma affecting the nail plates and body skin and heads. In 75% of cases, psoriasis develops into arthritis - a pathology that causes dermatologists' patients much greater inconvenience than the unaesthetic appearance and itching of the skin. Such famous historical figures as I. Stalin, G. Ford, B. Franklin and W. Churchill suffered from the disease. The main methods of treating psoriasis include ultraviolet phototherapy of blood, taking medications with vitamin A and immunosuppressants, and using creams and ointments with anti-inflammatory components. The disease cannot be cured. The main method of preventing the appearance of plaques and papules is considered to be timely prevention. It includes taking vitamins, sedatives and sunbathing on the sea coast, sessions of massage that stimulates blood circulation, which helps remove toxins and metabolites. World Psoriasis Day encourages people at risk to start taking care of their own health and start preventing skin diseases without waiting for them to appear.

Republic Day in Turkey (Cumhuriyet Bayrami)

Military Financier Day in Ukraine

Constitution Day in Serbia

Social Security Worker Day in the Republic of Kazakhstan

Local Communities Day in the Kyrgyz Republic

Motorist and Road Worker Day in Ukraine

Orthodox holidays on October 29:

Memorial Day of the Martyr Longinus Sotnik

Memorial Day of St. Longinus of Yarenga