One of the basic human needs has always been the need for security. With the development of information technology, the pace of which cannot be stopped, the need for data protection has increased significantly. Information has long ceased to be just one of the sources of knowledge of the world around us. This is a product that is bought and sold every day and hour. Moreover, information data has become an indisputable and very dangerous weapon not only in a narrow circle, but also in maintaining and establishing world order. There is even a separate holiday dedicated to specialists involved in data protection, called Information Protection Day. It is celebrated annually on November 30th. The history of the holiday goes back to 1988, when the first large-scale attack on confidential information resources was carried out. Then on November 2, the appearance and successful spread of a network worm was recorded, which disabled the work of thousands of Internet nodes in the United States. The virus was later named the Morris worm, based on the name of its "parent". Robert Morris was at that time a graduate student in the Department of Computer Science at Cornell University). Hackers in their circles nicknamed him the “great worm.” The difficulty in detecting the virus was that it used good camouflage to hide its existence in the computer's operating system. The "worm" deleted its source file and branched every three minutes. Damage from the virus was estimated at more than $96 million. This incident clearly showed how dangerous it is to trust computer networks. The culprit was punished with suspended detention and a fine of 10 thousand dollars. Thanks to this attack, new computer security standards were tightened and written. Since that day, November 30, at the initiative of the Computer Equipment Association, annual international conferences have been held to discuss information security issues. Experts never cease to remind that protecting information data primarily implies: 1. Mandatory installation of anti-virus programs 2. Installation of Firewall screens (firewalls) 3. Use of well-protected and complex passwords 4. Physical protection of information Compliance with security measures, proper storage of information data, compliance and maintenance of order in the storage of personal data is in the interests of each individual network user. The Internet, even with the incredibly rapid development of ways to protect information resources, is not a safe place either for an individual or for global organizations as a whole.

Every year on November 30, most countries around the world celebrate World Pet Day, proclaimed in Italy in 1931 at the International Forum for the Protection of Nature. The purpose of creating the holiday was the idea of ​​attracting everyone's attention to the problems of domestic animals, developing a sense of responsibility in children towards our smaller brothers. Pets are in great need of constant care and love from their owners; they are ready to pay for this all their lives with their loyalty and devotion. But people often forget about this. And yesterday’s friends often find themselves simply thrown out onto the street, overboard from the owner’s warmth and care, due to the person’s changed life circumstances. November 30 is a day calling on people to think about their own behavior, to be more prudent and decent towards their pets. And most importantly, teach children to treat the natural world as human beings. Today, children's cruelty to pets or stray animals is considered a huge problem throughout the world. The Internet is flooded with videos of sadistic recordings of a person's unfortunate friends. In our country, this issue is especially acute, since the law does not provide for any punishment for cruelty to animals, although since 1999 the bill has been under consideration in the State Duma. This moment is also always brightly illuminated by the organizers of the holiday. Concerned people gather with posters and banners near government institutions, hoping to remind the powers that be of the need to consider what has long been gathering dust on the shelves. In our country, the holiday has been celebrated since 2000, and this event is quite large-scale and bright. All institutions directly related to animals, zoos, shelters, veterinary clinics, environmental and conservation communities, join the holiday. Much attention is paid to November 30th in all educational institutions, from nurseries to graduate schools. And, of course, all pet owners celebrate this day. In different regions, this holiday is celebrated in different ways, flash mobs are held in favor of creating new shelters, active charity collections are conducted for a fund to help seriously ill animals, exhibitions of cats, dogs, parrots, turtles, guinea pigs and other domestic animals are held. Competitions, contests, competitions are organized for the best children's drawing on the topic, for the best poem, essay, or do-it-yourself craft, dedicated to caring for your pets. In zoos, the “bell” campaign, so beloved by children, is held, when children ring bells with all their might for exactly one minute, calling on the people of the planet to be responsible for those they have tamed.

November 30 is the International Day of the Skirt, which is the oldest clothing - it was worn by primitive people. They simply wrapped themselves in the treated skin of a killed animal to keep them warm. By the way, men were the first to wear a skirt, only then did the fairer sex start wearing it. The length of this item of clothing was used to judge a person's wealth - rich people wore longer skirts than poorer men. Today, this item of clothing is in the wardrobe of most women, and in Scotland it is also traditional for men. Although the Scots claim that a kilt has nothing in common with a skirt. In Russian villages, this traditional women's clothing appeared relatively recently - around the middle of the 19th century. At first it looked like a sundress common in the village, which was made of lightweight fabric and was worn instead of an undershirt. At the beginning of the 20th century, lightweight skirts came into fashion. But due to the popularity of plump and rosy-cheeked girls in Russian villages, it was customary to wear several skirts at once to create the desired volume. Linen was used for sewing everyday clothes, and scarlet chintz was used for festive clothes. We offer several celebration ideas: 1. Wear a short miniskirt and please your beloved man. You can perform a fiery dance or have a romantic dinner. The length is chosen independently, but most men love short skirts. 2. Get together with a group of women, where the dress code will be a skirt. The length and style are not limited by the rules; then you can choose the best item of clothing. It is recommended to use secret voting - on pieces of paper each guest will write the name of the owner of the best outfit. You can throw pieces of paper into a beautiful jar, and then count the results together. You can invite men to visit so that they can also participate in the voting. 3. Organize a carnival dedicated to the holiday. Most likely, most people have never heard of such a celebration, so the reason to gather will be unusual. You can agree and wear clothes of the same colors and styles, or create a rainbow by wearing a variety of things. Regardless of the celebration option, the most important thing is to be in a good mood and not pay attention to minor troubles. You can tell each other interesting life stories related to skirts.

November 30 - World Elephant Day "Elephantwin". This holiday is dedicated to living elephants and has been celebrated for more than thirty years. The initiators of its creation are environmentalists. With this gesture they decided to draw attention to the problem of reducing their numbers. After all, these are the largest land mammals in the whole world. In Russia, on this day they organize events related to the protection of this species of animals and educational seminars that allow you to get to know them better. There are two types of elephants: Indian and African. The first one is smaller. Its height reaches up to two and a half meters and weight up to five tons. The second one is considered the largest. Height – up to 4 m and weight up to 7 tons. The elephant is distinguished by its intelligence and intelligence. Its size makes it majestic. He is highly organized and self-aware. His eyes are supposedly capable of transmitting thoughts and using them to talk to a person. The number of elephants is significantly reduced due to the fact that they are actively hunted. People are interested in tusks. Thanks to poaching, the African type will soon reach the stage of extinction. Seminars and educational events held annually exist to educate people about the need to preserve the population, which is close to extinction. Every person should be aware of this and encourage others to protect elephants from cruelty to them. Interesting facts about elephants:• The only mammal belonging to the proboscis group that has survived from ancient times to the present day;• The largest land inhabitant;• By law, the sale of elephant bones is prohibited;• The weight of a newborn elephant calf is from one hundred to one hundred and twenty kilograms;• Raising cubs lasts twenty-two months; • An adult has a brain mass equal to five kilograms; • Sleeping takes only four hours a day, the rest of the time food is obtained; • Up to seven and a half liters of water can enter an elephant’s trunk. On this day it is worth visiting exhibitions dedicated to this species of animals, listening to educational programs, and watching films about them. Among the famous films are “Return to the Forest” and “Solo for an Elephant with Orchestra”. From a very young age, children should be instilled with a love for all living inhabitants of the world, including elephants. This will help cultivate compassion and a lack of desire to offend in every child. This way the entire planet can protect an endangered species.

A hundred years ago, during the life of Sigmund Freud, the topic of sex was surrounded by an atmosphere of sacred disgust. It was not customary in society to discuss intimate relationships between men and women. The sexual revolution began in the 1960s in the United States and continued in Europe. The removal of taboos has changed the behavior and thinking of people around the world. In addition to the development of the pornography industry, abortion and brothels were legalized. Sex has moved from a sacred and partially forbidden topic to a different form, becoming an object of consumption. The winds of change came to Russia in the late 1980s. The sexual revolution and the feminist movement supplanted traditional family values ​​and Christian morality. In this regard, in 2007, UNESCO proposed adding International Sex Day to the holiday calendar. According to legend, the first place where it was held was Amsterdam - the city of freedom and vice, the symbol of which is the Red Light District. International Sex Day is celebrated annually on November 30th. In honor of the holiday, theatrical performances and parades are held, condoms and leaflets encouraging the use of contraception are distributed. The slogan of the celebration is the daring “Experiment!” Therefore, those who celebrate this funny holiday abandon the usual boundaries and taboos, going as far as they can to the best of their ability. In honor of International Sex Day, fragrances with aphrodisiacs are purchased, and “passion cuisine” dishes are prepared from products that have a stimulating effect on the body. Libido is enhanced by oysters, ginger, avocado, ginseng, coriander, honey, onion and garlic. Journalists from the Daily Mail tabloid conducted a study which found that women think about intimate relationships during the day on average 10 times, and men 19. The emergence of an unusual holiday is due to the fact that sex is an important part of people's lives. In addition to procreation, it gives pleasure, helps to relax and relieve stress due to the production of endorphins during lovemaking. The average person has sex about 108 times a year. Most often this happens in bed; in second place in popularity is the car. Statistically, it is in the back seat of a car that most Americans lose their virginity. According to women under the age of 59, on average, they have had no more than 4 sexual partners in their entire lives, men - 7. 21% of the stronger sex watch pornography at work; 18+ content is most in demand among viewers from March to July. These and other figures confirm the importance of sex, which plays a significant role in the life of a modern person. Some people conduct psychological experiments during communication, conduct experiments in the kitchen or laboratory, others - in bed. International Sex Day calls on you to abandon puritanism, expand the horizons of the unknown, and break prohibitions and rules.

Comfortable home clothing in the form of a long dress for sleeping appeared in France in the 18th century. Both women and men spent the night wearing a négligé with a cap on their heads. The head was protected with an unsightly headdress, not so much because of the cold, but because of the harmful miasma that swirled in the air and could lead to illness. In an elegant silk negligee, without putting on a dress, noble ladies went down to breakfast. Warm loose-fitting negligees with hoods were thrown over the nightgowns to keep warm and taken off before going to bed. In Russia, boys of noble origin were dressed to sleep in long shirts until the Great Patriotic War. In Europe, men only stopped wearing nightgowns in the 1950s. And if the representatives of the stronger sex refused this item of clothing, then women did not. Negligee is still extremely popular among ladies as an attribute of boudoir style of clothing. Silk and satin lace products, having an aristocratic origin, add charm and charm to the image of the hostess. Every year on November 30th the Negligee Festival is celebrated. One of the most intriguing and luxurious items in a woman's wardrobe, the morning robe is perfect for drinking coffee or putting on makeup. The main purpose of a negligee is to attract, excite and flirt with men. This accessory looks very erotic, so it invariably attracts admiring glances to its owner. To give the negligee a special chic, it is decorated with feathers, satin linen and lace. It goes perfectly with a corset, stockings and garters. A lightweight, practical and elegant wardrobe item that has not gone out of style for hundreds of years. Women sleep in it, do their morning or evening dressing, and prepare breakfast. Openwork négligé, like those made of silk, guipure and chiffon, is used for photo shoots and video recordings of the “Morning of the Bride.” In it, every girl looks mysterious and luxurious. In a beautiful and closed negligee in bed colors, photographs of the expectant mother are taken for the family album. The most elegant and sophisticated models are produced by French and Italian manufacturers. Representatives of the fashion industry update their assortment every season, offering consumers interesting negligee models. Products from famous brands are the standard of elegance and beauty. However, less popular companies also produce high-quality and elegant clothes that are worn at home, worn on the wedding night along with erotic lingerie and used for a photo shoot. All fans of this piquant wardrobe item celebrate the Negligee Festival on November 30th.

Youth is a time of wandering and hope, a time of realizing your wildest dreams. The search for the elixir of youth, which has been going on since time immemorial, is an attempt not only to stop aging and degradation of the body. The desire to turn back time is a dream of preserving in the eyes and hearts the fire that blazes in young men and women entering adulthood. There was precedent in the US music industry that this was possible. Therefore, November 30 is celebrated as the Day of Eternal Youth. The holiday appeared in honor of the society's recognition of the contribution of television and radio host, producer and actor Dick Clark to the development of musical culture. This "America's oldest teenager" is considered a cult icon, leading young people into the world of rock and roll. He came up with the idea of ​​creating the American Music Award, as well as the musical television show Dick Clark's New Year's Rockin' Eve, released on New Year's Eve. The presenter opened the doors of the stage for black performers, breaking the taboos and racial discrimination that existed in society. Thanks to Dick Clark, the names of Tina Turner, Dick Dale, Michael Jackson, Stevie Wonder, Madonna, and other country, rock, blues and pop performers who debuted on the American Bandstand stage became known to the general public. The program "American Bandstand" is a kind of record holder among other musicals, because... existed for more than 30 years - from 1956 to 1989. The TV presenter's influence on young people was so great that Perpetual Youth Day was established in his honor, which is celebrated annually on Dick Clark's birthday - November 30. The producer and longtime host of the musical variety show stripped the twist of the sexual connotations that black performers gave it, making it “safe” for white teenagers. Clark has come up with many techniques to keep young people glued to their TV screens. During the show, teenagers voted for the songs of their favorite artists, showed new dances, acted out scenes from life, etc. Forever young Dick Clark had a great influence on the formation of musical taste among young people, for which he was awarded a star on the Walk of Fame in 1976. In honor of the holiday, rock and roll fans listen to the music of the best representatives of this genre. Day of Eternal Youth is an excellent occasion to remember the biography of Dick Clark and his contribution to the development of American culture and television. On November 30, fans of the American Bandstand show watch archived broadcasts in which young and not yet known to the public debuts of Freddie Cannon, Jerry Lee Lewis, Donna Summer, Billy Preston and other musicians.

On November 30, Orthodox Christians celebrate the day of remembrance of Gregory the Wonderworker. Among the people, the holiday is better known under the names Gregory of the Winter Pointer, Predezimye and Siver, which he received as the day that ends autumn and opens the gates to winter. It was believed that by the weather on this holiday one could judge what the coming winter would be like. Severe cold foreshadowed bitter frosts. Cloudy weather indicated a lack of sun in the next three months.

On November 30, Yakutia celebrates Khomus Day, which is dedicated to the ancient musical instrument, which is more than five thousand years old. The choice of such a date is not accidental; it was on this day in 1990 that the museum and center of the khomus of the peoples of the world was opened in Yakutsk. This holiday was established by the President of the Republic back in 2011 and has been celebrated annually since then. On this day, in honor of the holiday, various exhibitions are held in the museum, ceremonial events and concerts are organized. The celebration for khomus is a tribute to the cultural traditions of the inhabitants of Yakutia and a symbol of recognition of such a musical instrument. Every nation of the world has its own traditional musical instruments, however, the Yakut khomus is not just an object, it personifies a spiritual worldview and worldview. With the help of this instrument, musicians express their thoughts and feelings, their mood and attitude towards the world around them. The khomus has stood the test of time and received its well-deserved significance as a national instrument. In Yakutia, musicians who know how and love to play such a musical instrument can be found among both adults and children. There, from childhood, people are instilled with a love for their traditions and cultural values. There are many musicians in the republic who have become famous not only in Russia, but also in other countries of the world. Yakutia can also boast of its craftsmen who manufacture this musical instrument. Khomus playing is taught in almost every school in this region, which makes it possible to preserve national motifs and carry them through generations. The Khomus Museum in Yakutia is a place where a variety of types of this musical instrument are collected. A huge number of people from other countries come here to get acquainted with the enchanting sounds of khomus. Every year on November 30, museum employees receive congratulations and words of gratitude for the preservation and development of traditions and national values, for their constant difficult work in this direction. Indeed, in the modern world it is so difficult to instill a love for real live music, so such a holiday allows us not to forget about the heritage of the republic. Every year the head of Yakutia congratulates all residents on the holiday and notes its importance in the development and prosperity of the region for a long time.

Every year on April 26, a memorable date is celebrated throughout the former USSR - Chernobyl Remembrance Day. This date is dedicated to the memory of real heroes who took part in eliminating the consequences of the Chernobyl disaster. Also, another holiday is dedicated to the memory of the liquidators of the accident - Liquidator Day or Sarcophagus Day. Let's talk about what this date is and why it is celebrated every year on November 30th. On April 26, 1986, a major man-made disaster occurred at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant, located on the territory of Ukraine. The accident is still called the largest in the entire history of mankind; the damage was minimized only thanks to the work of the liquidators. Many of them gave their lives, some lost their health, paying for the quick localization of the disaster. Between 1986 and 1992, it is believed that between 600,000 and a million people were exposed to radiation risks while participating in work around Chernobyl. Today it is quite difficult to estimate the number of liquidators, since they were from different countries: from Ukraine, Belarus and Russia, as well as from other former Soviet republics. According to official data, 20 thousand liquidators from all Soviet republics took part in eliminating the consequences of the nuclear disaster of 1986-1989. In 2016, in Latvia alone, 5,044 liquidators were officially registered, as well as 1,428 children born into these families. By 2019, almost 3 of the liquidators had died. Most were 40 to 50 years old at the time of death, 20 years below the national average for men. Almost all liquidators eventually developed serious health consequences, and many lost their ability to work. The shift workers of reactor 4 were among the first to take the blow: Yuri Korneev, Boris Stolyarchuk, Alexander Yuvchenko, Anatoly Dyatlov. During the liquidation, about 40 firefighters, who were the first to eliminate the consequences of the disaster, were injured. A civil defense brigade from Kyiv, numbering 300 people, who buried the contaminated soil. Numerous medical personnel, workers and military personnel were involved in clearing the hazardous area. Helicopter pilot Nikolai Melnik was the first to install radiation sensors on the reactor and received a large dose of radiation. Many miners were injured as they pumped out contaminated water to prevent it from entering the groundwater. Until now, thousands of Chernobyl veterans are working in Russia and other countries, passing on their skills and invaluable experience to young people. This knowledge is necessary to carry out rescue operations during massive fires or other emergencies. The memory of the heroes who sacrificed their lives and health is celebrated every year. On November 30, 1986, the sarcophagus was completed, which was supposed to cover the destroyed power unit. This date became the holiday Liquidator Day or Sarcophagus Day. A similar memorable date is celebrated in Ukraine, only on December 14. Despite the fact that a huge price was paid, the liquidators themselves do not consider this date a holiday, since it reminds them of a difficult period in their lives. According to official data, more than 90 thousand people participated in eliminating the consequences of the disaster; many died within several years after the accident, while others suffered from health problems. Let us remember and honor the heroes who gave their lives for our well-being.

November 30 is the Day of Remembrance for All Victims of Chemical Weapons, and its establishment is long overdue. It is believed that chemical weapons were first used en masse during the First World War. About 100,000 people were injured, including soldiers of the Russian Empire. Only after humanity saw in practice the horrors associated with the effects of gases on surrounding people and nature, it was decided to classify such methods of combat as prohibited. It cannot be said that today these restrictions are strictly observed. From time to time, even today, we hear that some local conflicts involve harmful substances that affect a person’s respiratory system, vision, skin, causing them to die in agony or making them disabled. This Day has been celebrated since 2006, although numerous conventions prohibiting the use of toxic substances were developed much earlier. It is observed everywhere, including in European countries and in Germany, which is believed to be the first to begin such inhumane experiments, testing gas containing chlorine on enemy soldiers, that is, on soldiers of states that are members of the Entente: the Russian Empire, Great Britain, France and some others. Of course, it became obvious that such methods of warfare are inhumane, and there is no military reason or conflict that would justify their use. Fortunately, numerous conventions and declarations have made it possible to significantly reduce the stockpile of chemical weapons in the world. Although there are still states that do not sign any international agreements, conventions, and formally they have no obligations to the world community. This means that we must always be aware of the risk of repeating such inhumane methods of warfare. Remembrance Day is intended to attract the attention of all humanity to this problem. Toxic substances kill not only people, but also animals, destroying flora and fauna within a radius of tens of kilometers. Moreover, it subsequently takes decades to restore the natural landscape. The international community is monitoring the conditions in which ammunition that can produce toxic substances is stored in different countries of the world. Work in this direction is underway, and largely thanks to such dates it is possible to attract public attention to the problem. Since November 30 is not a classic holiday, but is Remembrance Day, it is celebrated accordingly. In particular, many historical programs and documentaries are broadcast on television, demonstrating how destructive such methods of warfare are and the huge number of victims they lead to. Forums and international meetings are often held at which related issues are raised: assistance to victims of armed conflicts, strengthening arms control, etc. International environmental communities are also active, discussing problems of environmental pollution not only due to military operations, but also due to inadequate control over toxic chemicals used in industry and production. From time to time, information appears in the media about man-made disasters, accidents that lead to the leakage of chlorine and petroleum products into the environment, causing the death of marine life and animals, and people are forced to leave their homes. On this Day it is customary to popularize science. There are many people who wish to devote their lives to the petrochemical industry, pharmaceuticals and related fields. It is important to always remember the great responsibility of scientists, whose developments can result in a new disaster for humanity and an environmental disaster.

St. Andrew's Day, celebrated on November 30, is one of the first pre-Christmas holidays. On this day, all Catholic people honor the Apostle Andrew, a disciple of Jesus Christ. There is not much information about Andrew on the pages of the Bible. It is known that he was the brother of the Apostle Peter. Jesus called them to follow him together while the brothers were busy fishing. Hearing the calling words of Christ, Petro and Andrei immediately left their nets and followed the Savior. Previously, Andrei was a follower of John the Baptist, and it was the first teacher who pointed him to Jesus and told him that the Savior had come to the world. Andrew immediately recognized Jesus as the Messiah who would save humanity from their sins. Because of this, Apostle Andrew is called the First-Called, he was the first to be called by Jesus to be a follower of the Son of God, and he was the first to recognize him as the Savior. It was Andrew, when there was nothing to feed the people who had gathered to listen to the sermons, who pointed out to Jesus a boy who had two fish and five barley loaves. The Savior, taking this little and multiplying it, fed 5 thousand people. Andrew was also one of the four disciples to whom Christ told about the end of the world. As we know from history, after the death of the Teacher, the apostles cast lots to whom to preach in which region. Andrey fell to Scythia. Proclaiming the word of God to the people, he set out across the lands that were north of the Black Sea. I also visited the Bosporus, the place where Constantinople was later built, as well as Crimea. From Crimea the apostle went to glorious Rome. Climbing up the Dnieper, he stopped on the hills where Kyiv was later founded and predicted that a great city with many churches would be built on this site. Then he went to Novgorod, telling people about the great mercy of God. During his lifetime, the Apostle Andrew performed an innumerable number of miracles, healed the sick and even raised the dead. The apostle ended his life's journey, just like his teacher - with martyrdom. He was tied to the cross upside down, and in this position he preached the word of God for two days. Because of his speeches, many more people repented, and even the ruler himself, repenting, ordered his release. But Andrei, sensing that his time had come, made sure that the soldiers could not untie the knots on the ropes. Now many churches have been erected all over the world in honor of St. Andrew the First-Called. And the saint himself is considered the heavenly patron of all sailors, as well as many countries including:• Russia;• Ukraine;• Greece;• Scotland;• Sicily;• Romania. There are many traditions associated with St. Andrew's Day. Unmarried girls are especially waiting for him. After all, it is on this day that they can find out their fate. There is a belief that if a girl puts a bowl of water under the bed on Andrei’s night before going to bed, and puts a man’s hat, a knife, a mirror and some kutya under the pillow, then her betrothed will definitely appear to her in a dream. There are a considerable number of other fortune tellings with the help of which young people predicted their fate. For example, in Belarus they told fortunes using flax, and in Polesie young men initiated older boys into young men. On this day we also went to the ice hole to listen to the water. To do this, they dropped to their knees and pressed their ears to the ice at the edge of the ice hole. If the water is restless and noisy, you can expect a cold winter with snowstorms, but when it is quiet, then the winter will be quiet and warm. There is a belief that from St. Andrew's Day until the New Year, you cannot do any weaving work. It is also believed that after the holiday, the day increases by one millet grain.

The death penalty has been abolished in many countries around the world as the most morally inhumane way of depriving a criminal of his life. However, human rights organizations still continue to fight for the abolition of this type of punishment in China, the USA, Japan, India, Saudi Arabia and other countries. To this end, the World Coalition against the Death Penalty was founded in Rome in 2002. Every year on November 30, events are held to mark the International Day of Cities for Life. More than 80 large settlements from Canberra, Australia to Santiago, Chile, took part in the first action, carried out on the initiative of the Catholic Community of Sant'Egidio. In 2003, the number of cities increased to 150, of which 15 were capitals of states. According to tradition, in honor of the holiday, participants highlight one of the main attractions - a monument or building. In this way, the Colosseum in Rome, St. Anne's Square in the center of Madrid, and the Atomium in Brussels are "revitalized" every year. For the first time, a moratorium on the death penalty and torture in Europe was imposed by a decree on November 30, 1786, by the Duke of Tuscany and Archduke Leopold II of Austria. That is why this day became the date of celebration of Cities for Life Day. The Age of Enlightenment was marked by many discoveries and achievements in various spheres of human activity. In 1764, Cesare Beccaria's book “On Crimes and Punishments” was published, in which the Italian writer and philosopher was one of the first to present arguments against the use of the death penalty. His work was devoted to the reform of criminal law, which must comply with the moral and rational principles of human existence. Beccaria opposed torture and the death penalty for criminals, regardless of the gravity of the illegal act. In addition to the moral aspect, the imposition of capital punishment is associated with the risk of condemning an innocent person. History knows of cases where errors of the investigation, the court and the jury led to the fact that citizens of Great Britain, China, the USA and other countries were undeservedly sentenced to death by electric chair and by hanging. Human rights activists and simply concerned people believe that reform of the criminal system will save the lives of hundreds and even thousands of innocent people. The geography of Cities for Life Day is constantly expanding. In 2005, in support of the moratorium, the “Africa for Life” campaign was held, in which ministers from 14 countries of the continent took part. The goal of all activities is to carry out penal reform at the global level and completely prohibit the death penalty on the planet. In 2010, the International Day was celebrated in 1,360 cities around the world. Every year new countries and capitals join the action, incl. those in which the death penalty has not been abolished. In addition to illuminating buildings, protesters organize flash mobs and other events aimed at introducing a moratorium on capital punishment for criminals.

Orthodox holidays on November 30:

The day of St. Nikon of Radonezh in the Russian Orthodox Church according to the new style falls on November 30. On this day, the closest follower of Sergius of Radonezh, his devoted disciple, who pleased the Lord with his monastic feats and other deeds, is honored, for which he was canonized in 1547. Sergius of Radonezh acquired his authority during his lifetime, enormous even in geographical terms. So Nikon, born in Yuryev-Polsky in 1352, wanted to become a student of the great ascetic. Having reached the monastery founded by Sergius, he asked him to be accepted as a monk. But the great saint prepared a test for the young man, sending him to a monastery called Vysotskaya, to his follower, the Monk Athanasius. Only through strict fasting and abstinence, enduring temptations and suffering, can one serve the Lord. Athanasius undertook to teach the young man, instruct him in serving God, setting an example with his behavior. Seeing the zeal of the young man, Athanasius honored him with the rank of priesthood. Returning to the monastery to the Monk Sergius, he earned respect and the position of assistant in the affairs of the monastery. Nikon's virtues influenced the Radonezh abbot and he appointed him as his successor in 1391, shortly before he died. Soon deciding to completely withdraw from all worldly affairs and abbotship, Nikon decides to live in a secluded cell, and the Monk Savva takes care of the monastery. But after 6 years, Nikon again had to take on the duties of abbess. In 1408, the Russian land once again survived an attempt to be captured by the Tatars. The invasion of Khan Edigei was unexpected and merciless. But Nikon was ready for him, and he managed to save both the lives of the brethren and valuable things: books and sacred attributes. He had a vision the day before: the blessed saints Peter and Alexei appeared together with Sergius. They told him to take courage and withstand the test of the invasion of godless enemies. And indeed, the monastery was soon burned, but Nikon set about restoring it, instructing and encouraging the brethren to courageously overcome a difficult period for the monastery. Many ordinary people came from the surrounding areas to help rebuild what had been destroyed - so a stone church was built, known as the Trinity Cathedral, which became the spiritual center and the oldest building of the Trinity-Sergius Lavra. Nikon invited Andrei Rublev to work on the painting of this building. It was then that the famous “Trinity” was created, whose authorship reliably belongs to the great icon painter. Seeing the Holy Trinity is the cherished goal of monastic achievement, and this icon fully complied with church canons. Today the original is in the Tretyakov Gallery, and a copy is in the cathedral iconostasis. Another miracle happened on July 5, 1422, during the beginning of the construction of the temple - the incorruptible relics of Sergius of Radonezh were found. Anticipating his death, Nikon ordered to bury him next to his teacher, which was done. The second abbot of the monastery departed to God on November 17, 1426 (old style). In honor of him, a church was built - Nikon's limit. Currently, the day of the presentation of St. Nikon before God is solemnly celebrated, especially in the Trinity-Sergius Lavra.

Memorial Day of St. Gregory the Wonderworker

Memorial Day of St. Lazarus of Constantinople

Feast of the Icon of the Mother of God “Unction”