AIDS Day, celebrated on December 1, is an important event in the calendar of all countries of the world. After all, AIDS has been a terrible pan-epidemic for several decades in a row, posing a mortal danger to humanity. The importance of combating this disease was first discussed on December 1, 1988. Then, during a meeting of the UN General Assembly, the ministers of health policy adopted an important resolution, according to which all countries of the world were called upon to jointly combat the global problem of the Earth, a dangerous disease - acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. In 1996, the United Nations Children's Fund, the United Nations Development Programme, the United Nations Population Fund, the United Nations Organization for the Intellectual and Spiritual Enlightenment of Humanity (UNESCO), the World Health Organization (WHO) and the World Bank created " UNAIDS". UNAIDS is a United Nations program whose main mission is to eradicate HIV infection and AIDS. To achieve this goal, with the support of the world community, it annually organizes a huge number of projects devoted to the problem of the spread of HIV infection. To a large extent, they are all dedicated to AIDS Day and are held on December 1, but in some countries the events become so large in scale that they are held months before and after the day of celebration. The projects include the following important components: - trainings with the participation of people infected with HIV, aimed at instilling tolerance in people towards those who have become victims of AIDS; - production of thematic television programs that detail the ways and means of prevention HIV infection. In addition, UNAIDS continually provides funding to research companies that are researching HIV infection in an attempt to create a life-saving vaccine. One of the main attributes of this holiday is a six-centimeter scarlet ribbon, folded at the top into the English letter “V”. The author of this symbol was the painter Frank Moore in 1991. In his opinion, the scarlet ribbon best emphasizes the main idea of ​​AIDS Day. She expresses compassion for the families of people who died from the disease, support for those infected and hope that the world will be able to defeat the deadly disease in the near future. However, this symbol did not immediately receive official status for AIDS Day. He received general recognition only in the summer of 2000, during the Tony Awards ceremony. Since then, every year on December 1, every person who wants to express his solidarity with the idea of ​​​​celebrating this day pins a red ribbon to his clothes.

December 1 is All-Russian Hockey Day. This date was approved thanks to the initiative of Vladislav Tretyak, who once fought brilliantly on the hockey battlefield, and is now the president of the FHR (Russian Hockey Federation). It all started when, in 2007, about one and a half hundred stadiums in Russia opened their doors to everyone who wanted to cheer and those who liked to kick the puck. Since then the holiday has become an annual event. Russia inherited glorious Soviet traditions in hockey. The allied team was fantastically well-coordinated, with countless victories behind it. Considered amateurs, the national team's athletes defeated vaunted foreign professionals. The authority of the Soviet school of hockey was high. This is confirmed by the golden years of Olympic glory. Eight-time Olympians also won 27 world championships! There were legendary times when the Union team took Olympic gold four times in a row, and once three. Talk about the “red car” did not subside until the difficult 90s for the country. During this period, practically no attention was paid to hockey. Only since 2008 has the Russian team regained its victorious wings and won new titles. The concern for hockey to become more and more popular is manifested in the organization of exhibition matches. Their participants are often famous and respected people: from show business stars to the president. The appearance of such a holiday date as December 1 - All-Russian Hockey Day, is another big leap towards the game reaching the masses, people, especially children, getting carried away by it and eventually reaching the former heights of the “red machine”. Such holidays, according to the organizers, should be actively held every year throughout the country. By popularizing this sport, the government is solving the most important task - raising a new wave of young hockey players who will be able to win further brilliant victories in the name of the Motherland.

December 1 is Neurologist's Day, which is celebrated as International Day. It is mainly celebrated in Eastern European countries. Previously, the profession was called “neurologist,” but this name is now considered outdated. This is one of the most complex branches of medicine, which deals, in particular, with malignant and benign tumors of the spinal cord and brain. This specialist is often contacted for epilepsy attacks, cerebrovascular accidents, suspected encephalitis, and so on. Gradually, the popularity of the holiday is increasing, although it cannot be said that today it is officially enshrined in the list of memorable dates in Russia. However, it is believed that the term “neurology” itself appeared during the late Middle Ages, around the 17th century, when some daredevils began to study not only the anatomy of the human body, but also tried to understand how the brain works. In the mid-19th century, the world's first neurological department opened in France. Research in this area has also been conducted in Russia. Thus, at Moscow University, at the Faculty of Medicine, a separate course appeared, which was devoted to brain diseases. Many writers mention in their works such a disease as migraine, which was quite common. Unfortunately, people did not know how to explain it and for a long time it was believed that it arises as a result of bad mood, blues, and general poor health. Around the middle of the 19th century, we can already talk about the beginning of a professional approach to the study of such neurological diseases. Of course, the pioneer in this area is Academician Pavlov, who studied logical reflexes. It is not surprising that at the beginning of the 20th century he received the Nobel Prize for his research. And to this day, neurology is considered the preserve of the elite, because it is a very complex branch of medicine, comparable to, for example, surgery, which also requires impeccable knowledge, attentiveness, and accuracy. There are still many blank spots in science, which is not able to explain the occurrence of certain diseases, for example, brain tumors. There are not too many effective treatment methods or drugs that can combat neurological diseases. But this is precisely why neurology attracts many applicants and aspiring doctors who decide to devote their lives to it. December 1 is Neurologist's Day, which is celebrated in different ways. For example, forums and round tables are held dedicated to this date, where a whole range of pressing unresolved problems relating to neurology in general are discussed. Current issues of access to medical care are also raised. As you know, this branch of medicine is also complex in that it requires expensive and often large medical equipment that allows one to study the processes occurring in the human brain. Thus, there are technical complexes for diagnosing the condition of the aorta, vessels, veins using ultrasound, for performing transcranial studies, transthoracic and transesophageal echocardiography. As you can see, the equipment and, accordingly, knowledge required is impressive. On this day, it is customary to congratulate neurologists who conscientiously perform their duty. Many of them have been working in this field for decades. This profession is also respected because it means the need to constantly develop, improve skills, master new methods, and learn to operate complex diagnostic equipment. Often on television on this day programs are shown that are designed to popularize medicine in general and this industry in particular.

Light and fluffy snow falls from the sky in calm weather at temperatures not lower than -10 degrees. According to legend, for the onset of snowy weather on the first day of winter, you need to perform a certain ritual - to appease the mythical white goats. They are lured with a piece of salty black bread or fruit, which is placed on the roof of the house.

AIDS and the immunodeficiency virus have claimed the lives of many people. Rock musician Freddie Mercury, ballet dancer Rudolf Nureyev, writer Isaac Asimov, actor Rock Hudson, poet and translator Gennady Shmakov - this is not a complete list of victims of the “plague of the 20th century.” In memory of people who died from a terrible disease in 1989, more than 800 museums and art galleries held an action dedicated to the fight against AIDS. Since then, December 1st is celebrated annually around the world as Day Without Art. Throughout Day Without Art, volunteer events are held to attract public attention to the problem of the spread of AIDS and HIV. Museums and art centers host thematic exhibitions, readings and lectures. And if in 1989, gallerists, as a sign of support, removed paintings from the walls, replacing them with posters with information about AIDS, then 11 years later, famous directors began to produce special videos for the project. They are demonstrated on December 1 in museums, art schools and other organizations in order to attract people's attention to the threat of HIV and measures to prevent the disease. The main idea of ​​the Day Without Art is to strengthen a person’s inner fullness and the strength of spirit that creative activity brings into everyday life. On December 1, the memory of artists who died of AIDS is honored. Thus, at the Museum of Modern Art in New York in 1991, an exhibition was held with empty frames instead of photographs or paintings and empty pedestals for sculptures. This action became a symbol of the fact that in place of unused canvases and bases for statues there could be creations of artists and sculptors who died due to HIV. At the same time, a bell rang every 10 minutes in memory of a person who died from the “plague of the 20th century.” In Russia, events dedicated to the Day Without Art are held by the Voznesensky Center, an art platform dedicated to modern Russian culture. In 2020, within the framework of the international project “One Blood”, educational initiatives were held, telling about the disease of HIV and AIDS of artists who left an important mark on world culture. The Voznesensky Center exhibits works of art by those whose lives were cut short due to a terrible diagnosis. Sculptor Keith Garin, a friend of Yoko Ono and Andy Warhol, after learning about his illness in 1988, began to actively fight public taboos that existed regarding the “plague of the 20th century.” He spoke about the issue for the rest of his life, until he died of AIDS-related complications in 1990. Artist David Wojnarowicz learned in the 1980s. about a positive HIV test, began to actively involve the public in the problem of sexual minorities and safe sex life. Photographer Robert Mapplethorpe spoke openly about his diagnosis in the media, and in 1988 he founded a foundation that sponsors research into the human immunodeficiency virus. Minimalist sculptor and installation artist Felix Gonzalez-Torres created art objects in memory of his lover who died of AIDS. The artist’s own life was also cut short at the age of 38 from complications associated with HIV. Despite the political correctness and tolerance of modern society, we have to admit that AIDS most often affects representatives of sexual minorities. Sodomy and sodomy are condemned in the Old and New Testaments, which gives believers reason to talk about the justice of punishment and the onset of God's punishment for homosexuals. It is impossible to say for sure whether HIV is retribution for those who encroached on the creator’s intention regarding the union between a man and a woman. The life of both a sinner and a holiday is priceless, and the passing of creative people from the lives is doubly tragic. Therefore, December 1 is celebrated as Day Without Art in memory of AIDS victims.

1853 At that time, Russia, England, and France tried to divide the Turkish possessions in order to use their interests in the field of distribution and influence of sales markets. The main reason for the confrontation was the task of revising the passage by the Russian fleet of the Bosporus and Dardanelles straits of primary importance. However, Turkey did not concede, but, on the contrary, wanted to take revenge on Russia for the previously lost battles. Orthodox ministers, along with Catholics, made their contribution, and a dispute between them over Palestinian shrines became the reason for the start of the battle. France put pressure on the Sultan, the keys to the shrines were taken away from the Orthodox. To which Nicholas I responded with an ultimatum with impossible demands. At that moment, all relations between Russia and Turkey, naturally, diplomatic ones, ceased. And as a result, Türkiye declares war. The British and French conspire against the Russians, declaring a diplomatic blockade on them. The largest battle of this bloody Crimean War was the battle of the sailing fleets at Cape Sinop. The hostilities lasted about four hours. The Russian sailing fleet under the command of Nakhimov completely blocked the Turkish one and defeated it. The excellent combat training, dedication, heroism and valor of the Russian sailors, and their victory in this clash is called the Day of Military Glory of Russia - the Day of Victory of the Russian squadron at Cape Sinop. And it is celebrated on December 1st. The sailors of the Ottoman Empire were completely defeated. Only one ship escaped. Feel the difference: Nakhimov killed 38 people and wounded 235 people. Turkish sailors lost about four thousand killed and wounded. Nakhimov's skill in combat and the use of practical tactics is undeniable. The courage, fearlessness, and highest military training of the Russian flotilla horrified the enemy. And the annual Day of Military Glory is a tribute to the heroes of the battle at Cape Sinop.

December is one of the most favorite months of the year for children and adults. Along with snow, blizzards and blizzards, it brings to every home the expectation of magic from the upcoming New Year holidays. With the arrival of winter, the frost begins to draw fancy patterns on the windows, the cold wind howls in the chimneys, and the snow decorates the roofs of houses and the crowns of trees with lush caps. In honor of the beginning of the new season of the year, a holiday was invented. December 1 marks the First Day of Winter. Now it is associated with the smell of tangerines, ginger tea and Christmas tree needles. The Slavs were not particularly happy about “jelly,” as December was called in ancient Russian. The month promised the arrival of cold and frost on the earth. People born on December 1 were patronized by the gloomy and grumpy god Karachun. He was considered the lord of frost and dark forces. Karachun's servants were blizzard wolves, snowbirds and connecting rod bears. Despite his formidable hypostasis, God was responsible for a bright natural holiday - the winter solstice, which falls on December 21-22. After the onset of an astronomical event, the nights became shorter and the days longer. The “turn” of the sun from winter to summer symbolized the harmonious movement of the wheel of life. Folk signs are associated with the first day of December. The Slavs predicted the weather based on natural phenomena, the behavior of birds and animals. So, the snowstorm on December 1 promised a blizzard for Maslenitsa. If on this day you saw crows walking or a mosquito flying around the hut, you prepared for a thaw; rooks appearing in a flock of jackdaws - for a warm winter. In the Orthodox calendar, December 1st marks the day of remembrance of Saints Plato, Deacon Roman and the Youth Varul. After the baptism of Rus', folk signs on this day began to correlate with the images of the great martyrs. So, about December 1, our ancestors said: “Like Plato and Roman, so is winter.” On this day, they asked Orthodox saints for increased prosperity and engaged in wood carving. It was believed that on Plato and Roman you should not eat from ceramic, glass and porcelain dishes, otherwise you could be left without money and friends. Therefore, on December 1, utensils were made from linden, a sacred tree to which healing and miraculous properties have long been attributed. The beginning of winter is an excellent occasion to remember folk signs and beliefs. So, to improve your financial condition, you can turn, holding a coin in your hand, to the saints with the words: “Plato and Roman, fill my pocket full of money.” On December 1, making amazing discoveries, observing nature and representatives of the animal world, making snowmen and sledding down the hills, rushing at full speed towards the fabulously beautiful winter-winter.

Homo erectus, one of the first representatives of the genus Homo, appeared on Earth about 5 million years ago. The main burden in regulating postures and body position during movement among our ancestors was taken on by the foot. Even today it acts as a support during upright walking, as a shock absorber during physical work or running, protecting internal organs and bones from injury due to body movement. The condition of the foot and spine is monitored by surgeons and orthopedists, and the condition of the skin and nails by podiatrists. These specialists are proficient in hardware or manual pedicure techniques, have the skills and knowledge to correct and treat pathologies of the lower extremities. They work for long periods of time at the intersection of two areas - surgery and dermatology, dealing with the prevention of diseases of the feet and nail plates with various types of lesions. Craftsmen use piercing and cutting tools, special staples or plates in their work. Clients with mycoses, ingrown toenails, calluses, heel spurs and diabetic feet turn to professionals and require special care for cracked skin. Unlike pedicurists, who are responsible for the beauty of their feet, podiatrists help people with flat feet and other pathologies. So, a specialist can make tapes for a client and recommend wearing bandages and orthopedic insoles, taking into account his problems. “Podology” is translated from Greek as “the study of the foot,” which involves the provision of a wide range of services related to the lower extremities. At the initiative of the UN, a holiday was established in honor of professionals in 1947. Every year on December 1st Podologist Day is celebrated. Surgeons and dermatologists have been dealing with foot problems for quite a long time. Doctors solved the problems of ingrown nails and mycoses, removed calluses and treated foot diseases, performing hygiene and other procedures using special means. The first scientific work on podiatry was published in 1762. At the end of the 19th - beginning of the 20th centuries. Professional foot care institutions have emerged. The first Russian textbook, monograph by V.A. Mitskevich, was published in 2006. However, despite this, in the Russian Federation the profession of “podiatrist” does not officially exist due to shortcomings in the legislative framework in the medical field. If you have an education, a doctor with a diploma in surgery or a dermatologist-mycologist can work as a podologist. In other countries the situation is different. Thus, in Germany, podiatrists are trained for 2-3 years, depending on the form of education, in more than 40 schools in the country. This is not surprising, because specifically in Germany in the 90s. last century, a profession arose and developed, whose representatives are engaged in aesthetic correction of the foot with elements of medical care. In Russia, similar skills are acquired by a master who undergoes pedicure training. Today, people with foot hyperhidrosis, corns, plantar warts and other problems go to a beauty salon for solutions. Pedicurists begin to observe suspicious changes in fingers, skin and nails earlier than other specialists. But only podiatrists whose professional holiday is celebrated on December 1 can provide qualified assistance.

The southernmost continent of the Earth was discovered in 1820 by Russian navigators M.P. Lazarev and F.F. Bellingshausen. The continent, located inside the Arctic Circle and 98% covered with ice, is considered the least explored on the planet. Since 2009, December 1 is celebrated as Antarctica Day. The second most important holiday for the continent is Midwinter, which falls on the southern solstice. The date of Antarctica Day is dedicated to the signing on December 1, 1959 of the international treaty on Antarctica, which secures the use of the continent exclusively for peaceful purposes. The continent has an extremely harsh cold climate, but is seismically calm - only small volcanic eruptions have been observed in the last 200 years. There are 89 research stations in Antarctica. Of these, 41 are seasonal due to the short polar summer. The continent is considered a no-fly zone for civil aviation due to its inaccessibility for rescue operations. However, Antarctica is visited not only by scientists and military personnel from various countries of the world. In 2008, Father Frost came to the mainland from his Moscow residence in Kuzminki. He gave the Russian polar explorer gifts from relatives and friends. In 2016, after a meeting in Cuba with the Pope, Patriarch Kirill visited Antarctica. Before this, a representative of the Russian Orthodox Church had never set foot on its soil. The Patriarch arrived at the Ardley Island base and held a symbolic baptism of the mainland there. The remoteness of the sixth continent of the Earth and the lack of free access leads to the creation of various myths and legends. Thus, ufologists claim that the ban on exploring Antarctica is due to the fact that there are alien bases there. According to researchers of extraterrestrial civilizations, the South Pole is by no means a permafrost zone: ice is found only on the approaches to Antarctica, and it itself is covered with evergreen vegetation. Until May 8, 1945, Nazi Germany laid claim to the so-called New Swabia. The area, also known as Queen Maud Land, is located in Antarctica. Before the start of World War II, the Germans brought mining equipment, electric locomotives, rails, trolleys, tractors and cutters for digging tunnels through rocks to their secret “base 211.” Engineers, scientists and highly qualified workers were transported on ships and submarines of the Third Reich. According to one version of alternative historians, Hitler and his entourage, after defeat in the war, hid in the territory of New Swabia. This guess is confirmed by the sad ending of the expedition of US Navy Rear Admiral Richard Byrd, who headed to Antarctica with 4 thousand troops at the end of 1946. The flotilla included the aircraft carrier Casablanca with 7 helicopters and 12 aircraft and 12 ships equipped with the latest science and technology. The expedition landed on the shores of Dronning Maud Land on February 1, 1947 and began an operation codenamed “High Jump”. However, on March 2, the US fleet was unexpectedly attacked by unknown naval forces, whose ships looked like flying saucers. During the battle, 40 soldiers were killed, 12 American planes were shot down, and one of the ships sank. The squadron weighed anchor and hastily sailed from the shores of Antarctica. Subsequently, members of R. Baird's expedition talked about strange flying disks that emerged from under the water, and atmospheric phenomena that caused panic and mental disorders in people. The results of the classified US investigation are still unknown. It is known that back in the 30s. XX century The Germans had drawings of mysterious disc planes - technology allegedly transferred to them by aliens. One can only guess who attacked the US fleet in 1946. It is possible that answers to this and other questions related to the southernmost continent of the Earth will be found thanks to the annually celebrated Antarctica Day.

In the popular calendar, December 1 (November 18, old style) is considered the day of honoring the memory of the martyrs Roman of Caesarea and Plato of Ancyra, who died in the 4th century for the faith of Jesus Christ. Plato's life began in Ankyria in what is now Turkey. Raised by a Christian family, he began to preach his faith to the pagans, convincing them of the infidelity of idolatry. This was the reason for his arrest by the ruler Agrippin. They tried to force Plato to change his faith using flattery, bribery, and then threats and torture. After two weeks of imprisonment without food, Agrippin gave the martyr a chance to live, offering to verbally praise the pagan gods. But Plato refused, for which he was publicly beheaded. Around the same years, but already on the territory of Palestine, Deacon Roman lived in Caesarea, preaching Christianity. By order of Emperor Maximilian, persecution of pagan infidels took place, which forced Roman to move to Antioch. But he continued to persuade the population to choose the Christian faith. On the day of celebrating another pagan holiday, the deacon was captured and tortured. Then Romanus informed the ruler Asklipiades that even the youth Varulus was wiser than him, since he believed in the Lord Almighty. The young man boldly confirmed his Christian faith. For this, his head was cut off, and Roman was hanged. Plato and Romanus are called Winter Indicators, since the first day of December determines the nature of the coming winter. The people noticed that whatever the weather was like on a given day, it would be like that all winter. And if on December 1 there is a strong drop in temperature and a blizzard, then the winter promises to be cold. A calm, warm day symbolizes a mild winter. In addition, people noted that morning shows the beginning of winter, day - its middle, and evening - its end. They were used to determine the weather in the following months. Some signs replaced the weather forecast. So, if the owner found a flying mosquito in the house, then they expected warming. A raven passing along the road preceded a thaw in the coming days. And the month appeared in the sky with a bright halo before severe frosts. The sharp wind on December 1 foreshadowed frequent snowstorms throughout the winter. On the Day of Winter Signs, people prayed to Saints Roman and Plato with a request to survive the difficult winter period normally and help improve their material wealth.

Tire Fitter Day

One of the first actions in office was the renaming of the Kazakh SSR into the Republic of Kazakhstan and the proclamation of sovereignty. The political will of the recognized “Leader of the Nation” made it possible to transform a country that was in decline into a developed state, devoid of interethnic and religious conflicts. The level of development and modernization that Kazakhstan demonstrated was positively assessed at the world level. International conferences with friendly countries are timed to coincide with the celebration today. The ceremonial part begins with the raising of the standard with the image of the State Emblem. This is one of the important symbols of power, emphasizing the special status of the first president, enshrined in the Constitution. None of the subsequent applicants for this position will be able to hold it for more than 2 terms in a row, unlike N. Nazarbayev, who has absolute and indefinite immunity, confirmed by law. The appeal to the population carries the message of preserving peace and harmony in the country, strengthening mutual understanding in society, and pride in the fatherland. The results of the year are summed up in all spheres of the country’s life, which could not have had a positive dynamic without the principle of the trinity - the country, the nation and, most importantly, the leader, the first and so far the only one. Numerous cultural events that take place during the festive period are aimed at strengthening national consciousness and instilling human values. Patriotic book exhibitions, photographs, and presentations of documentaries reflect the past era and allow us to look confidently into the future. Youth movements and children's military-patriotic centers organize interesting forums and events with congratulations to the president, including with the participation of social networks. The role of the head of state in the successful and progressive development of the youth sphere is very great. State programs are updated annually and meet current needs. The uniqueness of Kazakhstan’s statehood is directly and forever associated with the name of Nursultan Nazarbayev, and this holiday allows residents and guests of the country to feel this.

Day of Restoration of Portuguese Independence (Dia da Restauracao da Independencia)

National Day of Romania (Unification Day)(Ziua Marii Uniri)

Day of the Prosecutor's Office of Ukraine

Self-governance Day in Iceland

Orthodox holidays on December 1:

Memorial Day of the Martyr Platon of Ancyra

Memorial Day of the Holy Martyrs Zacchaeus of Gadarene and Alpheus, Reader of Caesarea

Memorial Day of the Hieromartyr Roman of Caesarea

Cathedral of Saints of the Estonian Land