A unique holiday of its kind, the Day of Partisans and Underground Workers, appeared only a few years ago. June 29 became the official date in January 2010. Tens of thousands of people who showed courage and heroism behind enemy lines deserve this memorable date. The main festive events take place in regions of the country that were under Nazi occupation. The choice of date is based on the directive of the Council of People's Commissars on the creation of partisan detachments, which were called upon to fight the enemy in the occupied lands. This directive defined the tasks of the partisans: • Destroy the headquarters and institutions of the invaders; • Destroy communications: bridges, roads, warehouses; • Destroy soldiers and officers; • Capture and destroy the German high command. In addition to subversive and sabotage actions, the detachments carried out political work with the population of captured cities, towns, villages, and talked about the real state of affairs at the fronts. In addition, they exposed German propaganda, published newspapers, and printed leaflets. Guerrilla detachments were formed from local residents, remnants of units that were surrounded. In the Bryansk region alone, 27 formations, almost one hundred and forty detachments, and more than sixty thousand people operated. The partisans were a nightmare for the Nazis. The intensification of sabotage forced the Nazis to create special groups of hunters - yagdkomanda. They carried out anti-sabotage work, tracked down partisans, and tried to destroy camps. However, despite all the measures, the Nazis suffered losses in manpower, warehouses burned, trains and airfields exploded. This forced them to create the Sonder Headquarters “Russia,” which carried out terror against commanders and political workers, conducted reconnaissance, and recruited the population. The Germans used the services of policemen from local residents. They were the ones who performed punitive functions. But all measures were in vain. The cooperation of the underground and the partisans made it possible to obtain the most important data about the enemy in a timely manner and to competently plan sabotage actions. Thanks to the work of the partisans, the army received the necessary information and support in the form of the destruction of rear facilities and communications. Reaching the pre-war borders ended the activities of the detachments. Almost everyone joined the regular army. The Great Patriotic War brought a lot of pain and tears to the Soviet people, leaving unforgettable marks in the souls of people, and served as a “test of strength” that our ancestors withstood and emerged victorious. Everyone took part in this war as best they could, no one was left behind. Unknown partisan heroes operated behind enemy lines, every day, exposing themselves to mortal danger, but never giving up. These heroic people will forever remain in the memory and history of our country; every year we honor them on June 29. The idea of ​​such a “creation” of the day of partisans belongs to the Bryansk deputies, who proposed amending the law “On the Days of Military Glory” and recognizing this celebration as an official status. On April 10, 2009, the President of the Russian Federation approved changes in legislation that came into force in 2010 . The date for celebrating Partisan Day is June 29. It was then, in 1941, that the People's Council of Commissars of the USSR issued a directive on the need to form partisan detachments behind enemy lines, “to create unbearable conditions for the enemy army, destroy military equipment and disrupt the enemy’s plans.” The Bryansk region is considered the central place for celebrating this day. It was this area that was the first to suffer from the attacks of the fascist army; partisan detachments began to operate here for the first time and actively took part in hostilities. On June 29, a big celebration takes place in major cities of Russia. The program includes a meeting with veterans, holiday concerts, an installation of military events, a parade of cars from the Second World War, and mass celebrations. According to tradition, early in the morning everyone goes to the eternal flame to present flowers and pay tribute to the memory of those killed in this terrible war. The word partisan comes from the Italian language and denotes an adherent of certain social views. Soviet partisans played a big role during the Second World War. According to historical information, more than two million underground fighters operated behind enemy lines. Thanks to their coordinated work, the following were destroyed: - over four thousand units of heavy military equipment (armored vehicles, tanks); - 66 thousand enemy passenger cars; - more than 1000 aircraft; - more than a million fascists were captured; - over 1,500 railway bridges and 20 thousand meters of railway track, strategically important for the Nazis, were destroyed. The partisan detachments did not work thoughtlessly; all operations were carried out in contact with the Soviet Army. For courage and courage, as well as assistance provided during military operations, more than 300 thousand Soviet underground fighters were awarded state awards and medals, almost 250 of them received the title of Hero of the Soviet Union. The name of the partisan Zoya Kosmodemyanskaya is known throughout the world. This young girl died at the age of 18, carrying out orders from a partisan detachment; she took part in mining enemy roads and their camps, but was eventually caught and executed by the Nazis. The leader of the underground movement was the poet and actor Oleg Koshevoy. He, along with everyone else, participated in anti-war attacks, destroying strategically important enemy targets. Another commander of the partisan detachment, Sidor Kovpak, was twice awarded the title of Hero of the USSR. In 1943, he was awarded the rank of major general. His troops operated on the territory of the Ukrainian SSR and inflicted great damage on the German army, defeating almost 39 fascist garrisons. The establishment of Partisan Day is a small part of the tribute we owe to these heroic individuals. To this day, the archives of our country contain documents about the exploits of underground heroes, classified as “top secret.” We hope that soon all the secrets of guerrilla warfare and the names of these brave men will be revealed to us. The war years are getting further away from us. There are fewer and fewer eyewitnesses and participants. On this memorable day, we congratulate the veterans of the partisan struggle and wish them health and long life!

The navy appeared in Russia under Peter I. By order of the tsar, the first shipyard for the construction of ships was founded in Arkhangelsk in 1693. Later, the Admiralty was created in Voronezh with a school of navigational sciences, where future sailors and shipbuilders studied. Peter I made a great contribution to the creation of the Russian naval forces. However, the first ship, the frigate "Eagle", was built by decree of Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich, issued on June 29, 1667. Shipbuilder's Day is celebrated annually on this date. A relatively young holiday appeared in 2017 on the initiative of the Ministry of Industry and Trade and JSC United Shipbuilding Corporation (USC). To select the date of the celebration, the Russian Historical Society conducted a study of archival documents. The basis for the establishment of the holiday was the beginning of construction at public expense of the first Russian two-deck three-masted frigate with a width of 6.4 m and a length of 24.5 m. "Eagle" has become an ideal vessel for Russia's access to the Caspian Sea - a maneuverable and protected ship with a powerful military force on board. The frigate was armed with 22 guns. The first Russian sailing ship of the European type was similar in design to a Dutch pinnace. It was built not from damp wood, like flat-bottomed single-sail boats, plows and barges, but from dried wood. The frigate is associated with the appearance of the coat of arms on the seal of the Moscow kingdom, a double-headed eagle, which was sewn onto the banners and pennants of the ship. Before the "Eagle", military banners of individual branches of the military were usually hoisted on ships, the main one among which was the Sovereign's banner. However, according to international tradition, a symbol must be installed on the ship to help identify the country to which it belongs on the high seas. The birth of the Russian flag - a white-blue-red tricolor, the colors for which Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich chose, is also associated with the first warship "Eagle". Russian shipbuilding made a powerful breakthrough in development under Peter I. In addition to the Solombala shipyard, in 1702 he founded others on the Svir and Svyaz rivers. In 1704, construction began on the Admiralty in St. Petersburg. Two years later, the first ship was launched from the slipway of this shipyard - the flat-bottomed floating artillery battery "Arcanne". In May 1706, the yachts "Ekaterina" and "Lyubov" launched into the water, and in 1712 - the 54-gun ship "Poltava". By 1725, thanks to Peter I, a regular fleet was created in Russia. Over more than 300 years of activity, the Admiralty Shipyards have built more than 2,600 ships of various classes and types. They are one of the oldest industrial enterprises, which, together with other factories, are part of the United Shipbuilding Corporation. The joint stock company was created in 2007 according to the Decree of the President of the Russian Federation. The largest shipbuilding centers are St. Petersburg, Severodvinsk, Nizhny Novgorod and Kaliningrad, which have 40 construction and repair plants, as well as design bureaus. USC employs more than 80 thousand professionals engaged in scientific research, design and production of ships, development of navigation, deck and other types of equipment, production of engines and other activities. Russia is one of the leaders in world shipbuilding and the only country that launches nuclear icebreakers. Every year, USC delivers more than a hundred fleet units, which include submarine cruisers, fishing trawlers, oil tankers, gas carriers, self-propelled platforms for polar research and other types of marine equipment. Russian shipbuilders are glorious successors of the traditions of shipbuilding, which is considered part of the cultural heritage of the peoples of our country. The history of the development of this one of the most capital-intensive and knowledge-intensive industries goes back hundreds of years. Paying tribute to the professionalism and significance of the work of shipbuilders, on June 29 they are congratulated on Shipbuilder’s Day.

Since 2014, on June 29, on the basis of a UN resolution, International Tropical Day is celebrated throughout the world. It is aimed at drawing attention to the climate zone with a unique ecosystem, the difficulties of life of its population and the difficulties of maintaining natural balance. International Day of the Tropics events highlight the importance of addressing these issues. According to forecasts, by 2050, up to 50% of the world's population and 60% of children will live in the tropics. Rain forests, located parallel to the equator, occupy about 6% of the land. Their number has decreased from the original 14% due to the cutting of timber for sale and the creation of areas for grazing. The natural area contains 54% of the world's renewable water resources. Tropical forests participate in nature's water cycle, regularly adding moisture to the atmosphere. They also trap sediment, sending it to underground reservoirs. In a year, 1 tree releases up to 760 liters of water into the atmosphere, while the forest receives 200 cm or more of precipitation per year. This is interesting: Most houseplants come from the tropics. These include begonia, palm, anthurium, dracaena, lemon tree, tradescantia, forest cacti, etc. They take root well in our latitudes, because unpretentious and adapted to low light conditions. • The height of the trees of the first tier of the tropics is 45 meters. Therefore, it may take 10 minutes for a drop of rainwater to fall from the upper level to the lower level (canopy). • Making its way through dense thickets of trees, a flying lemur covers a distance of up to 70 meters at a time without loss of altitude. • The wingspan of butterflies living at the upper level reaches 20 cm. • Up to 200 trees of various species can grow on 1 hectare of the tropics, and about 50% of all known animal species live here. • More than 80% of natural foods eaten come from the rainforest. This is interesting: The tropical forests of the Congo and the Amazon River basin are considered the largest. On the territory of the latter, local tribes (Bora, Pirahã, Sinta Larga, Korubo, etc.) still live according to the laws of the primitive communal system. Tropical forests are found on all continents of the Earth except Antarctica. They grow not only in Africa and South America, but also in Australia. On its territory is located the oldest tropical forest in the world - the Daintree. According to scientists, its age is 180 million years. Younger forests are located on the Pacific coast in North America and Southeast Asia. The issue of preserving a unique ecosystem, raised in 2014 by Aung San Suu Kyi, a Nobel laureate from Myanmar, is important for the whole world. Therefore, June 29, the date of her speech at the UN, became International Tropical Day. This is interesting: The most valuable trees among other species are Garapa, Tatachuba, Ipe, Cumaru and Merbau. Plants from the tropics, a region with a constant climate, are resistant to weathering and bark beetles. Their wood is distinguished by its strength, durability and special aroma due to its high content of resinous substances.

Modern children living in megacities spend very little time in nature and in direct contact with the earth. Meanwhile, many bacteria live in the soil, which strengthen our immunity, in contrast to the sterile environment, which makes the body vulnerable to various types of viruses and microbes. This was noticed in 2008 by Gillian McAuliffe from Australia and Bishnu Bhatta from Nepal, the authors of a project aimed at bringing children closer to nature. On their initiative, June 29 is celebrated as International Dirt Day. International Mud Day has funny traditions. On this day, all participants in the celebration, regardless of age, gender and race, get dirty in the mud. On the one hand, this action makes people closer to each other and the world around them. Covered in dirt, we all look the same. On the other hand, the holiday draws attention to the importance of soil for human life, which contains a lot of minerals and other useful substances. Therefore, for example, mud masks and clay body wraps are among the most popular procedures in spa salons. The Bible says: “We came out of the earth, and into the earth we will go.” Another famous quote from the Old Testament is “...The Lord God formed man from the dust of the ground.” According to the tenets of Christianity, the Creator sculpted the first man, Adam, from clay. All of these statements highlight the symbolism and importance of the earth's surface. Clay can be conventionally called the dust of the earth, since it represents the smallest fractions of the same minerals and chemical elements as the soil. Therefore, the tradition of getting dirty in honor of International Mud Day has a deep sacred meaning: in this way a person becomes closer to his origins and nature. The holiday, celebrated on June 29, draws people's attention to the importance of the presence of microflora on the skin of the body. He contrasts contact with dirt with frequent hand washing and regular treatment of surfaces with antiseptics, which have become an indispensable attribute of modern life. About 840 thousand microorganisms live on the palms, fingers and under the nails, most of which are important for maintaining the dermal microbiome. These bacteria feed on skin secretions, cleansing and enriching the body with useful substances. The composition of each person's microflora is unique. As does its function in protecting against diseases transmitted by contact. International Dirt Day does not call for abandoning body hygiene and hand washing. The holiday reminds us that this should be done as the skin becomes contaminated in order to preserve existing beneficial microorganisms. Mud is used by tribes living in a primitive communal system in the forests of the Amazon and Africa for camouflage during hunting. Domestic animals, such as pigs, use it to cool the body and regulate body temperature. Mud wraps help cure rheumatism and other diseases of the musculoskeletal system. People have long made household utensils, decorative items and bricks from clay, a loose mixture of minerals, soil and silt. Therefore, International Dirt Day is not just a funny celebration, but a celebration of knowledge of the surrounding world and the unity of man with nature.

International holidays - World Industrial Design Day

Funny Holidays - Hug Holiday Day

The holidays of at-Tashriq are a continuation of the great Eid al-Adha and fall on the 11-13th days of the month of Dhul-Hijjah, shifting annually relative to the generally accepted calendar. After the sacrifice on Kurban Bayram, another common name for the main Muslim holiday, comes “tashriq” - translated as “drying of meat”. Takbir is supposed to be read - this is a special traditional prayer in the name of Allah, which continues to exalt him, and is performed before the afternoon prayer of the 13th day. For those who perform the Hajj pilgrimage and are physically located in Saudi Arabia, there is an important custom, in addition to standing on the mountain, of stoning the devil. Throwing pebbles is the main ritual, which has concentrated quite a lot of conventions around it. Now millions of pilgrims come to the holy territory, but despite the difficulties, it is recommended to spend a full three days in the Mina Valley. The last throw is especially important, and it is better to do it yourself, including those days when you did not have time. The fine imposed compensates for the discrepancy with the rules. Throwing 21 pebbles in a certain sequence is not so easy when there are too many people wanting to do it. Modern followers of Islam try to perform the Hajj at least once in their lives. The pillars-jamrat, which personify the devil, tempting believers, just like in the ancient times of the prophet, are actually walls, and not small ones. After all, only this size of the surface for throwing can ensure the reconstruction of events - one of the main rituals of pilgrimage. By the way, small stones for the ceremony must be collected the day before in the valley itself or in another, near Mecca - Muzdalifah. The more striking is the figure - 100 tons. This is the total weight of small pebbles that all believers will throw during the days of Hajj. Jamrats have their own names, as does the bridge leading to them. They underwent an external change in 2004, when the tall pillars were redone for safety reasons. Many imams advise not to focus on time, and to throw at any time - between noon and sunset. A literal repetition of the actions of the Prophet Muhammad (the afternoon beating) leads to a terrible stampede and is not without tragic incidents. Although it is worth noting the efforts of a country that hosts such a number of pilgrims, and has its own Ministry of Hajj. Security measures and funds allocated by the government of the kingdom are improved and strengthened every year. Mobile clinics, patrol helicopters, special bracelets and a tent city with everything they need will help pilgrims in their test of faith. Regardless of whether one is making a pilgrimage on these days or staying at home, one should observe certain ritual actions, such as complete ablution and a standard change of clothes, and then go to prayer and praise Allah.

Funny Holidays - World Handshake Day

Bulat Okudzhava, Yuri Vizbor, Alexander Galich, Tatyana and Sergei Nikitin, Alexander Gorodnitsky, Yuliy Kim... These names are forever inscribed in the history of bard song. Standing out among them is Valery Grushin, a guitarist and performer who tragically died in 1967 while rafting down the Uda River in Siberia. A year after his death, friends gathered on the Volga near Samara to honor the memory of their comrade with guitar chords. Thus was born the tradition of an annual meeting of bards on the first weekend of July - the Grushinsky Art Song Festival. The dates of the tourist rally vary every year. Sometimes the song marathon is held in August. For some time, the venue of the festival, due to a conflict between the organizers, was two separate sites - Mastryukovsky Lakes and Fedorovsky Meadows. On them, guests set up tent cities to live in the field for four days. Since 2014, the traditional gathering place for participants of the tourist rally has once again become a clearing on the Mastryukov Lakes, located in the Samara region. The festival takes place in the form of concerts and competitions for bard song performers. The marathon program also includes sports competitions, educational projects and creative meetings. In the clearings there are not only music venues, but also food courts with fairs where souvenirs and tourist equipment are sold. Every year, participants and fans of art songs from different parts of Russia, Belarus, Kazakhstan and the USA come to the Grushinsky Festival. The main concert venue is a floating stage in the shape of a guitar. Spectators watch the performances from a high slope on the bank of the Volga channel, which is called “The Mountain”. The constant artistic director of the competition in recent years is Oleg Mityaev. At various times, E. Yevtushenko, Y. Vizbor, S. Nikitin, A. Gorodnitsky, G. Khomchik, Y. Shevchuk and other famous songwriters were honorary guests of the gathering and members of the jury. Many legendary bards have been coming to Mastryukov Lakes since 1969. The opening of the Grushinsky festival begins with a ceremonial formation, an impromptu parade of participants, musical greetings and raising the flag. After this, bard performances begin on numerous stages, which last until late at night. The first round of the competition of authors and performers takes place online, the second and third - on Mastryukovskaya Polyana. The laureates of the song marathon take part in the gala concert and receive awards from the jury along with the competition winners. The V. Grushin Festival, held in Samara, is considered the hallmark of the region. The rally on the banks of the Volga is the oldest art song competition in Russia, a love for which bards and fans of their work have carried throughout their lives.

Holidays of India - Padma (Shayana) Ekadashi (Padma Sayana Ekadashi)

Catholic holidays - Day of the Holy Apostles Peter and Paul among Western Christians (Feast of Saints Peter and Paul)

Tikhon the Quiet, according to the folk calendar, is celebrated on June 29 (June 16, old style). The date received its name from the church date of honoring Saint Tikhon of Amafunt, who suffered for his faith in the Lord. The saint lived in the 4th-5th centuries in Cyprus in Amafunta, was raised by Christians, and therefore began to serve the Lord from an early age. At church he read the Holy Scriptures, after which he was appointed deacon. When the Bishop of Amafunt died, Tikhon was chosen in his place. Until the end of his days, he converted Gentiles in Cyprus to Christianity and cared for the poor, hungry and disadvantaged. The people called Tikhon Quiet for the consonance of his name with silence. It was believed that from this day onwards the Earth slows down its speed of rotation around the Sun. In addition, residents observed a lull in birds in the area; only the nightingale could break the silence with its singing. Even forest animals scattered into their holes. This behavior was associated with the time of birth of offspring and the coming summer heat. From the day of Tikhon, a mature summer replaced a young one. Residents believed that now all the planted plants would quickly grow, and they were waiting for the harvest. The sowing period was coming to an end in the fields; later-sown spring grains had the risk of not having time to ripen. On Tikhon the Quiet, fellow villagers voluntarily organized a cleanup. This was the name given to people's mutual aid for residents in need of help when one person is unable to accomplish what a group of workers can do. On Tikhon, a cleanup was organized to supply the fields with manure for the winter fields. After work, the owner treated the assistants to lunch, served beer or kvass, and in the evening the gatherings turned into folk festivities. On this day, a ritual was secretly performed to increase the yield in the garden. To do this, at midnight, chaste girls stripped naked and, while no one was looking, ran along their beds. On this day it was possible to get rid of toothache. In addition to praying to Saint Tikhon, they washed the teeth with a warm decoction of herbs and berries, and applied garlic or salted lard. They also asked the saint to get rid of nervousness, to become calm and quiet. Signs on Tikhon the Quiet predicted the future. Seeing bright stars and a clear Milky Way, residents prepared for fine days. Curled fern leaves promised heat during the day, and closed dandelion flowers or low-hanging spruce branches announced a future thunderstorm. If it rained and the rainbow gradually faded, it meant that the bad weather was receding.

Day of Remembrance of Missing Azatamartiks (Defenders of the Motherland) in Armenia

Orthodox holidays June 29:

Day of St. Moses of Optina

Memorial Day of St. Tikhon Lukhovsky, Wonderworker of Kostroma

Memorial Day of St. Tikhon of Medyn, Wonderworker of Kaluga