Kurban Bayram is one of the most significant in the Islamic religion and is known as the festival of sacrifice, if translated literally. The faithful call it Eid al-Adha, which falls on the 10th day of the month of Dhul-Hijjah. Since the calendar differs from the generally accepted one, the date of this holiday changes annually. On this day, Hajj ends - a pilgrimage to holy places that must be performed by every believer. The annual feast of sacrifice expresses a spiritual appeal to God. A special ritualism has been demonstrated since the evening of the previous day, when pious Muslims begin to read special prayers. It is considered honorable to spend the night in worship in order to celebrate the holiday with dignity at sunrise. It is permissible to perform namaz not only in the mosque, although only there there is an opportunity to hear the imam’s sermon. The culmination of the holiday is a sacrifice, which is performed according to certain canons and is especially pleasing to Allah. It is mentioned in the Sunnahs of the Koran, and the one who commits such an act is shown the mercy of the Lord in the form of erasing sins. It is ideal to slaughter a camel or a ram, but once the prophet Ibrahim was faced with a choice: to sacrifice his own son or betray the faith. The late only child, the young man Ismail, was almost sacrificed near Mecca, because Allah wanted it that way, appearing in the person of the messenger Gabriel in a dream. By the will of the Almighty, the test was interrupted, and loyalty was rewarded with the birth of another son. A similar tradition exists in the Old Testament, only instead of the Koranic prophets, Abraham and his son Isaac appear. Traditionally, replacement with an animal must be complete. The best animal is chosen for the ritual offering, and you can show your good intentions on the holiday by distributing a certain portion of the food to the poor and needy. Divide into 3 parts, not forgetting about guests and relatives - the traditional option prescribed by Sharia. Meat cannot be left or changed: it is definitely not worth skimping on faith, although it is not forbidden to share it with people of other faiths. The celebration in Russia has its own characteristics, especially in those regions where Islam is not a priority religion, unlike, for example, Dagestan, Tatarstan, and Chechnya. Some bloodiness and sacrifice are not very popular with other residents, especially in large cities. The very method of slaughtering animals contradicts all adequate standards and, of course, is not welcomed by environmentalists, human rights activists, and people who do not accept cruelty. But since 2014, many Russian military personnel have a chance to have a special day off to observe all important rituals and visit the mosque. In many Muslim countries and some regions of Russia it is an official holiday. It can be celebrated for 3 days, making visits to family and friends, giving them gifts. The traditional greeting is “Eid Mubarak”, which unites all believers on the great holiday.

Scientists say that tactile contact is very important for people to achieve a sense of security and inner balance. Virginia Satir, a famous psychologist and psychotherapist from the USA, believes that we need 4 hugs a day to survive, 8 for well-being and 12 for intellectual development and personal growth. Skin-to-skin contact is a manifestation of love and affection for a significant other, parent and child. To pay tribute to this important component of human relationships, June 28 is celebrated as Happy Heart Hug Day. In honor of Happy Heart Hugs Day, not only loved ones are hugged to the chest, but also pets, for whom the care and affection of their owners are very important. The fun holiday comes courtesy of Archie Brindleton, a friendly and affectionate French bulldog from Canada who inspired his owners to create Happy Hug Day. Their pet has his own pages on social networks and a website, where he tirelessly demonstrates his cheerful and good-natured disposition. The unusual holiday, which is celebrated on June 28, draws the attention of people who spend a lot of time in the virtual world to the importance of tactile contacts. Cuddling, rocking and being carried are especially important for children because they support their development and mental health. Bodily sensations form in children clear and precise sensations of themselves and their own bodies, which in turn allows them to control. This applies to both gross and fine motor skills and articulation. Adults need tactile contact no less than children. The person who wants to embrace you needs to feel comfortable, safe, and loved. The exchange of warmth is especially important for people with autism and people suffering from self-doubt and increased anxiety. Hugs, the simplest form of affection, not only strengthen the emotional connection, but also lower blood pressure and improve the condition of the heart muscle. In honor of the holiday, people wrap their arms around and press the creatures most dear to them to their chests. That is why the name Happy Heart Hugs Day focuses on the heart - a symbol of love and spiritual participation in the life of another person. According to established tradition, on June 28, various flash mobs related to hugs are held. On this day, attention is paid to both soul mates and relatives, as well as to all sick, elderly and lonely people who need warmth, love and affection. Celebrating Happy Hug Day is a good occasion to cling to your dear ones, emphasizing their irreplaceability and important role in your life.

The bookmaker’s job consists not only of accepting bettors’ money and setting odds, but also of forecasting events and the ability to think analytically to accurately predict the outcome of any event. Betting organizers allow people to part with their financial resources, tickling their nerves in anticipation of the result of a boxing match and receiving a large sum of money.

June 28 is International Body Piercing Day. The date of the celebration was the birthday of Jim Ward, who opened the first body modification studio using jewelry in California in 1978. He is also the inventor of piercing bars, chain rings and other decorative items. They are used to decorate clients of masters who celebrate their professional holiday on June 28 - International Body Piercing Day. Incredible, but true: In 1999, New Zealander Quill Decade had 90 punctures done in one session without anesthesia. Since 2002 in the Netherlands, eyeball piercing has been performed only with anesthesia - implantation of precious jewelry into the sclera. The most painless thing is to pierce the nail to attach pendants and chains to its plate. It is believed that the fashion for piercing various parts of the body came to modern people from the ancient Egyptians. Scientists abandoned this claim after a frozen mummy of a Chalcolithic man was found in the Alps in 1991. Ötzi, as archaeologists called the find, had pierced ears, although the “Tyrolean Ice Man” lived 2,000 years before the era of Tutankhamun. People have been doing ear piercing to protect against the lying whispers of evil spirits since ancient times. Today, the traditions of their ancestors will be continued by representatives of the “cradle civilizations”, who still live under the primitive communal system in the center of Africa and South America. They decorate their ears, nose and tongue with gold and silver items to demonstrate wealth. And women of the Maasai and Dayak tribes use heavy earrings to pull down their earlobes, the length of which speaks of the beauty and high status of the owner. Incredible but true: 32-year-old Stacia Randall from the USA, who by 2011 had piercings in 3,200 points on her body, dreamed of being included in the Guinness Book of Records. However, the record holder was Elaine Davidson from Edinburgh, who made the first puncture in 1997. By 2019, their number had reached 11,003. The total weight of 55-year-old Madame Davidson's jewelry is 3 kg. Nose piercing is common in India. Since ancient times, women not only decorated this part of the face with earrings, but also thus reduced women's suffering (carrying a child, pain during childbirth, etc.). For this purpose, Indian women pierce their left nostril, from which a chain goes to the earlobe. Pirates also made holes in it. The earrings in the ears of sea robbers were not only a talisman and decoration. The gold ring served as a guarantee that in the event of death the pirate's body would be delivered to relatives for funeral arrangements. The earring was used as collateral for payment for services. With the advent of the hippie era, the fashion for piercing was no longer considered an exotic and barbaric fad. In the 70s of the twentieth century. Ears and noses were pierced not only by “flower children,” but also by punk rock stars. Heavy metal musicians performed tongue piercings, which were once used by the ancient Mayans and Aztecs to improve blood flow. The fashion for navel piercing was introduced in the 1990s by Madonna, Naomi Campbell and other Western style icons. Fine jewelry or earrings made of precious metals serve an aesthetic function. They are selected to match the outfit, to highlight the color of the eyes or skin. Piercing the nose, lip, tongue or navel most often, as in the days of the hippies, is an export of social stereotypes. Piercings for decorating flat parts of the body are called sarface. Placement of rings or studs is the back, neck, collarbone, back of the head or wrist. A ring or barbell that is inserted into the nipples of the breast is used by women to create a sexy appearance. The same applies to piercings of other intimate parts. Decorating nipples became fashionable during the reign of Isabella of Castile, when ladies began to wear dresses with very deep necklines. To add some zest to the outfit, a decorative chain was stretched from one breast to the other. Victorian doctors recommended nipple piercing as a means of improving infant feeding. On June 28, piercers celebrate International Body Piercing Day. The profession is very popular all over the world, despite the fact that 30% of people take out jewelry 2-3 months after body piercings.

“In the distant constellation Tau Ceti, everything became incomprehensible to us,” this is the beginning of a comic song by V.S. Vysotsky. Its central star, which is located almost 12 light years from Earth, was discovered by astronomers in the 17th century. The Tau number was found by calculation in the 3rd century. BC. This discovery is important for the mathematical community, which most often uses the pi constant of 3.14 in its calculations. The tau number is the ratio of the circumference of a circle to its radius, which is always 6.28. That is why June 28, i.e. In the sixth month of the year, Tau Day is celebrated. The first use of Tau is attributed to the ancient Greek mathematician and engineer Archimedes (287-212 BC). Some modern scientists believe that in calculations it is necessary to move away from pi, because to work with a circle it is much more convenient to use the tau number. Its name in Chinese means “path” or “route”, which is very metaphorical and reflects the importance of this mathematical constant. The letter "ταυ" in ancient times was considered a symbol of life and resurrection. The Greek alphabet is traditionally used to represent stars in constellations, mathematical terms and concepts. This is how Tau Ceti and the Tau number came into being. The appearance of a funny celebration is associated with the American Michael Hart. In 2010, he published "Manifesto Tau", paying tribute to the number that relates the circumference of a circle to its linear dimension. The physicist chose June 28 as the publication date for the book, today known as Tau Day. M. Hart's work refers to pi as unnatural and confusing. According to the author of the manifesto, all the formulas that are used to determine the size of a circle would look simpler if people started using pure Tau. The movement in support of this idea was founded at the turn of the 20th and 21st centuries by former University of Utah mathematics professor Robert Palais. The scientist also believes that tau simplifies calculations. In support of his theory, he published a paper in 2001 entitled "Pi is Wrong" in the journal Mathematical Intelligencer. Tau Day is very important not only for promoting the mathematical constant 6.28 in scientific circles. The holiday is a symbol of an alternative form of thinking and the recognition that even professionals tend to make mistakes. Switching to tau makes calculations easier, so scientists say it's time to knock pi off its pedestal. Traditionally, in honor of the holiday, mathematical puzzles and rebuses are solved. And for International Pi Day, which falls on March 14, pies are baked. Proponents of tau joke that since its value is two pi numbers, you should eat twice as much birthday cake on June 28th, thus celebrating Tau Day.

International holidays - International Social Business Day

Holidays of Serbia - Vidovdan, Day of the Holy Great Martyr King Lazar and all Serbian Martyrs (Vidovdan)

Holidays in Kazakhstan - Day of Media Workers

On June 28, all residents of Ukraine celebrate a big and significant holiday for the state - Constitution Day of Ukraine. Since it is a well-known fact that the Constitution is the main law of the country, which guarantees the rights and freedoms of citizens. The path to the adoption of this document was not easy. As you know, Ukraine gained independence on August 24, 1991, but continued to live without a Constitution for another five long years. And only in 1996, deputies of the Verkhovna Rada were able to pass this law. They worked all day and all night, without a break for 23 hours, and finally, from June 27 to 28, the document was approved. The number of people who voted “For” was 315 people. Parliamentarians, nevertheless, were able to take into account all the comments of the President of Ukraine regarding state symbols (coat of arms, anthem and flag), about the right to private property, about the state language. Thus, Ukraine became the last state of all the former republics of the Soviet Union to adopt a Constitution. This was a huge step forward in its development, as it contributed to consolidating the legal foundations of an independent country, contributed to ensuring the fundamental rights and freedoms of a citizen of Ukraine, and, naturally, increased the international authority of the state on the world stage. It is worth noting that the 1996 Constitution has been amended several times, but remains in force today. As numerous sociological studies have shown, the majority of Ukrainians consider the adoption of the Basic Law a major public holiday. Since then, every year on June 28, celebrations are held throughout the country in honor of Constitution Day. The President of Ukraine and top officials of the state address residents with solemn congratulations; festive concerts, awards for special services to Ukraine, and competitions are held in all localities. This is an official day off. Many residents prefer to spend it with family and close friends.

Fita Day according to the folk calendar is celebrated on June 28 (June 15 according to the old style). The date is named after the Christian saint - martyr Vitus of Rome, revered by Orthodox believers on this day. Vitus was born in the 3rd century in Sicily into a wealthy pagan family. The boy was raised by a Christian mentor and instilled in him the love of God. For constant prayers, Vit received from the Almighty the gift of miracles. During the period of persecution of Christians, he was forced to renounce his faith: he was severely beaten, lowered into hot tin, and thrown into a cage with wild animals. However, the angels of God protected the young man. Then the pagans hung Vitus, his mentor Modestus, and his nurse Criscentia on a pole, and there they beat them to death with iron hooks. The people called Saint Vitus more in tune with the Slavs - Fitom. It was believed that on his day the period of sowing spring crops ended. Therefore, the peasants waited for the harvest to ripen in the fields and finished mowing the hay. Residents also cleaned the house and barn, did laundry, repaired broken equipment, chopped firewood for the winter, weeded their gardens, spun and embroidered. By the day of Fit, oats were approaching ripening in the fields. It was fed to cattle, porridge was prepared from purified oats (porridge), and oatmeal was used to make pancakes, bread cakes, and cookies. Sometimes oatmeal beer or mash was brewed from it. Doctors knew how to use oat infusion to prepare healing potions for stomach and lung diseases, diabetes, and fevers. However, the ripening oats in the fields attracted cows and sheep grazing nearby. Therefore, from the Day of Fit, the shepherds kept an eye on the cattle so that they would not get into the oat crops. Eating unripe ears of oats threatened livestock with diseases. On this day of St. Vitus, they asked to protect cattle from eating oats. If an abundance of morning dew was observed on Fitov’s day, then a summer bountiful in harvest was expected. The loud chirping of grasshoppers announced inclement weather. Cattle leaving the pasture early predicted the approach of a thunderstorm. Cloudiness and precipitation were also predicted by frequently squealing piglets and sheep actively galloping across the field.

Orthodox holidays June 28:

Fita Day according to the folk calendar is celebrated on June 28 (June 15 according to the old style). The date is named after the Christian saint - martyr Vitus of Rome, revered by Orthodox believers on this day. Vitus was born in the 3rd century in Sicily into a wealthy pagan family. The boy was raised by a Christian mentor and instilled in him the love of God. For constant prayers, Vit received from the Almighty the gift of miracles. During the period of persecution of Christians, he was forced to renounce his faith: he was severely beaten, lowered into hot tin, and thrown into a cage with wild animals. However, the angels of God protected the young man. Then the pagans hung Vitus, his mentor Modestus, and his nurse Criscentia on a pole, and there they beat them to death with iron hooks. The people called Saint Vitus more in tune with the Slavs - Fitom. It was believed that on his day the period of sowing spring crops ended. Therefore, the peasants waited for the harvest to ripen in the fields and finished mowing the hay. Residents also cleaned the house and barn, did laundry, repaired broken equipment, chopped firewood for the winter, weeded their gardens, spun and embroidered. By the day of Fit, oats were approaching ripening in the fields. It was fed to cattle, porridge was prepared from purified oats (porridge), and oatmeal was used to make pancakes, bread cakes, and cookies. Sometimes oatmeal beer or mash was brewed from it. Doctors knew how to use oat infusion to prepare healing potions for stomach and lung diseases, diabetes, and fevers. However, the ripening oats in the fields attracted cows and sheep grazing nearby. Therefore, from the Day of Fit, the shepherds kept an eye on the cattle so that they would not get into the oat crops. Eating unripe ears of oats threatened livestock with diseases. On this day of St. Vitus, they asked to protect cattle from eating oats. If an abundance of morning dew was observed on Fitov’s day, then a summer bountiful in harvest was expected. The loud chirping of grasshoppers announced inclement weather. Cattle leaving the pasture early predicted the approach of a thunderstorm. Cloudiness and precipitation were also predicted by frequently squealing piglets and sheep actively galloping across the field.

Feast of the Icon of the Mother of God “Hodegetria” Voroninskaya