Russia is rich in holidays. According to the calendar, holidays are celebrated every day in our country. Some originated a long time ago and have their own traditions. Others are very young, barely born, and are at the stage of comprehension and adaptation. One of these young holidays is Gunsmith's Day. In recent years, special attention has been paid to the patriotic education of youth. Continuity in the profession, dedication and devotion of gunsmiths is a vivid example of love for the fatherland. Mikhail Kalashnikov, the creator of the legendary AK-47 assault rifle, personally worked on the creation of Gunsmith Day. Apparently, it is no coincidence that the craftsmen assigned September 19, the day of the Archangel Michael, the patron saint of the heavenly army, to defense affairs. The gunsmith's holiday is widely celebrated in Russia, especially in cities where defense enterprises are located. But the main characters on this day are Izhevsk and Tula. The main attractions of Izhevsk are, one way or another, related to the arms industry. Andrey Fedorovich Deryabin and Mikhail Timofeevich Kalashnikov are both natives of Izhevsk. In 2007, a unique monument was erected in the town. The prototypes were two simple workers at a weapons factory. The sculptures were created from old photographs. The caftans on the heroes of the composition are worn for a reason, because in Tsarist Russia they were given only to the best gunsmiths for good work and exemplary behavior. Back in 1595, by decree of Fyodor the Blessed, 30 blacksmiths were sent to Tula to produce the “sovereign’s pale wood”. Later, Peter I ordered the construction of a factory in the weapons settlement. Tula is firmly connected with the brilliant designer S.I. Mosin. The professional holiday is widely celebrated in the arms capital: flowers are solemnly laid on the gunsmiths' alley, and the best workers in the defense industry are awarded. The centuries-old wars of the Slavs contributed to the development of small arms. Craftsmen honed their skills, weapons evolved. The skills of Russian gunsmiths have been highly valued at all times. Entire dynasties were busy making tools. Today, as before, products produced at Russian factories are quoted on the world small arms market, and our artisans still occupy leading positions. Weapons masters have been creating the country's defense power for centuries and now rightfully celebrate their professional holiday on September 19.

Today, social communication has rapidly moved to the Internet. In order to communicate some information or discuss an important issue, people almost no longer even use the phone for its intended purpose - it is much easier to write to a social network, or to a special program that is on everyone’s smartphone. Often in such communication we use emoticons. It often happens that we use emoticons without any text at all - we exchange emotions silently. Sometimes, remotely from each other, it is much easier to express your emotions animatedly, give attention and improve the mood of another person. Emoticons are a graphic representation of emotions. When we communicate by voice, looking into each other's eyes, we see faces, note the gestures and intonation of the interlocutor. It helps us understand each other, celebrate jokes, sadness, joy, fear and so on. When the interlocutor is hidden on the other side of the monitor, it is quite difficult to note his emotions - unless you have known him for some time. We use emoticons to make things easier to understand: all kinds of colon-hyphen-bracket, colon-letter D, and so on. It is noteworthy that for the first time emoticons were graphically invented back in 1982, namely on September 19, 1982, a certain professor - Scott Fahlmann (as evidenced by electronic correspondence obtained by craftsmen thirty years later), suggested to his colleagues to use the signs colon-hyphen-opening round bracket to indicate the emotion of joy and smile. And, accordingly, the signs colon-hyphen-closing parenthesis to indicate sadness. Over time, emoticons have acquired a much wider range. In them you can see not only joy and sadness. Confusion, love, anger, shame, guilt, helplessness, fear, and so on appeared - the spectrum of graphic designations of emotions and feelings is almost unlimited. So, September 19 became a memorable day in the history of Internet communication. This is when International Smiley Day is celebrated. The animated embodiment of the emoticon - a round smiling yellow face - came to us back in 1963, when a logo was required during the merger of two large insurance companies. Thus, thanks to the efforts of the artist Harvey Bell, a yellow smiling face saw the light of day. At the same time, Smile Day appeared (it is also sometimes mistakenly called Smiley Day). It's funny that the graphic image and animation of a modern smiley are decades apart. However, it is good that these inventions have entered our world. This is how our lazy communication via the Internet became more emotional and colorful.

The common man, of course, knows who pirates are. These are fearless conquerors of oceans and seas who are capable of any feats and adventures. In fact, this is just a screen image that has been instilled in all the inhabitants of this huge planet for the last decade, without exception. In fact (historically) pirates are quite cruel and bloodthirsty people who, for the sake of instant profit and profit, could “do terrible things”, despite the consequences and obstacles. Many boys (and girls too) dreamed of becoming real pirates in childhood. Sail the seas and oceans, board enemy ships, while receiving fabulous riches. Children, of course, grow up, but their dream can now come true on this significant day, when ceremonial events are held in honor of the pirate class. Everything is quite simple. One fine day, two friends (from the USA), while playing a game, began to insert pirate words into their conversation. They liked this process so much that they jointly decided to celebrate a pirate holiday every New Year on this day (September 19). In addition to the conversations that were in the everyday life of an ordinary pirate, on this day it is customary to wear pirate equipment, clothes, organize shooting competitions and much more, no less interesting and exciting. The very first celebration in honor of the pirates was held quite modestly and on the territory of just one town, where those same two bosom friends lived. But very little time passed, and one world-famous publicist D. Barry found out about the holiday. It was he who first covered this solemn event in honor of the pirates in the media. It almost instantly gained enormous popularity and subsequent celebrations took place with the participation of a huge number of cities and ordinary people who were really interested in pirate themes. This day is eagerly awaited throughout the civilized world by those people who simply adore pirates, enthusiasm, fun and unbridled laughter. As a rule, colorful thematic festivals, rallies and photo reports are organized on this holiday. All fans of the pirate movement dress up in pirate attire and even find copies of pirated weapons somewhere (100% permitted by local law). Mass screenings of popular films about adventurers - pirates - are organized. There are also global discussions of works that contain pirate themes. At festivals and parties in honor of this celebration, they listen to funny pirate songs, and simply breathtaking music of adventurers and easy money.

Mood, like emotions, can both inspire and negatively affect productivity. Thanks to people with a sense of humor, a funny holiday appeared this year, which is designed to instill confidence in a person, cheer up and increase overall tone before the onset of cold weather.

Citizens of the USSR, which today many want to present as a technically backward country, had access to the achievements of civilization that became part of modern realities. Plastic cards appeared in the Soviet Union even before its collapse and transition from socialism to capitalism. In 1988, Intourist signed with VISA Inc. an agreement that made him a member of this company with the right to issue - issue payment cards. The concept of implementing the organization was developed by Sberbank of the USSR over 2 years. Personal computers were a dream for most Soviet citizens, as was access to the global Internet. In August 1990, the first communication session between the USSR and Finland took place using the World Wide Web in the form of sending letters by e-mail. Few people know, but back in 1959, in the name of N.S. Khrushchev Colonel A.I. Kitov was sent a scientific and technical proposal, which contained a project to create a prototype of the Internet network that exists today. If this idea had been put into motion, the global network would have appeared in the Soviet Union 10 years earlier than in the United States. In 1985-1987 programmers from the Kurchatov Institute developed their own version of Unix, which was available at the Niels Bohr Institute, and launched a local network based on it. The software, for which the entire team received an award from the Council of Ministers in 1988, was called the Dialogue Unified Mobile Operating System, or DEMOS for short. The leader of the group persuaded the head of the institute, E.P. Velikhov provide his work telephone number, for which an international calling line was opened, and purchase modems. After this, on August 28, 1990, a historic exchange of emails between Soviet programmers and colleagues from the University of Helsinki took place. Few modern network users know that before the advent of the national domain RU, there was its predecessor - SU (Soviet Union), which was used on the territory of the USSR. It was registered in the UNIX Users Association by a young programmer from the Kurchatov Institute, Vadim Antonov, on September 19, 1990. The first organization to create a resource using a national domain in the name was the Department of Mathematics of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Despite the fact that the USSR ceased to exist in 1991, SU was actively used in naming website addresses. Registration in this domain zone was suspended in 1994 due to the emergence of RU. However, in 2002, the Internet Development Foundation, a new administrator, resumed work. Today, according to the statistics service, more than 108 thousand names are registered with SU. In honor of the emergence of a new segment of the Internet in 1990, the birthday of the SU domain is celebrated on September 19. In 2007, an Agreement was reached between the Internet Development Fund and the Russian Research Institute for the Development of Public Networks to support the SU domain. The date of its signing was also September 19. The purpose of the agreement is to create optimal conditions for the development and functioning of the domain. This gave even greater status to September 19 as a holiday dedicated to the emergence of a new national segment on the World Wide Web, which was not abandoned in Russia even after the collapse of the USSR.

Celebrating the birth of Ganesh Chaturthi in India

Civil Aviation Worker Day of the Republic of Moldova

According to the folk calendar, Michaelmas is a Christian holiday of goodness and prosperity. On September 19, the Christian community celebrates Michaelmas. This holiday is celebrated in honor of the Archangel Michael and other ethereal Heavenly Powers. It has a stable date that does not change from year to year. This is a hearty and cheerful holiday for Christians, which comes after the harvest has been harvested and there are certain supplies for the winter. On this day, you need to put aside all your affairs in order to go to church, and then sit with friends, godmothers, relatives at a set table, and solve household and social matters. On this day they eat meat, jellied meat, pies, cabbage rolls, and meat tortillas. People did not forget about the brownie, putting food for him in the corner. The procedure of “appeasing the brownie” should bring prosperity to the house. Many people consider this day to be a transitional moment from the warm season to winter. Mikhail did good deeds and acted as a defender of the common people. It is believed that he defeated Satan. When thunder roars, old people say that it is St. Michael who is fighting the evil forces of heaven. The Archangel protects people from evil and lawlessness during life, and after death he meets them at the gates of Paradise, helping dead souls settle in Heaven. St. Michael's Day is often called "Michael Michael." This is due to an event that happened in the 4th century near the city of Herotopes. The sexton Arkhipp turned in prayer to the Archangel with a request to heal his dumb daughter. In a dream, he gave advice to drink water from a healing spring. The girl drank water and got rid of muteness. In honor of this event, Arkhippus built a temple and served God for many years. Thanks to his godly life and sermons, he brought many pagans into the ranks of Christians. One day, idolaters wanted to destroy the temple by connecting the beds of two mountain rivers into one. They directed a powerful stream of water towards the holy monastery. Thanks to the sexton's fervent prayer directed to St. Michael, the tragedy was eliminated. The Archangel saved the temple by opening a chasm in the mountain with his staff. The waters of two mountain rivers rushed there. The miracle that happened strengthened faith in the good deeds of Archangel Michael. The people celebrate Michaelmas Day, listening to the prohibitions and recommendations for its celebration. On Michaelmas you cannot: • work in the field, vegetable garden, garden, carry out repair work, wash, sew, weave; • swear, get angry, scream, quarrel, show negative emotions; • wash your hair so as not to wash away your mind; • cut with a knife, chop with an ax, dig the earth so as not to offend the Saint; • refuse to help needy and poor people; • engage in acquisitiveness and self-interest. If some prohibited types of work are needed for the common good or are performed due to professional activity, they are permitted. On Michaelmas Day you can: • go to church;• relax, sing songs, dance, dance in circles, eat heartily;• feed, water livestock, care for pets, cook food;• make peace with neighbors, fellow villagers, relatives;• look for a bride for yourself;• serve alms. Christians generally believe that on Michaelmas day each person will receive “according to his deeds and actions.” People love Michaelmas Day and notice signs associated with the holiday: • Wet snow on Michaelmas Day - to a good harvest;• On Michaelmas Day the night is clear - the winter will be snowy and cool;• The birth of a child on Michaelmas Day will bring good luck and happiness to the baby and his family;• Starting the day with fog - there will soon be a thaw. Christians and others turn to St. Michael in their prayers. They ask the Saint for protection from:• enemies visible and invisible;• dark forces;• evil, misfortune, misfortune;• natural disasters;• diseases;• dishonest people. They ask Saint Michael for good luck to military personnel, sailors and those who have gone on a long journey or business trip. Seriously ill people turn to him to get rid of their illness and those who do not know what to do in a difficult or incomprehensible situation. They asked St. Michael for a good guy, marriage, love, and prosperity for themselves or their daughters.

Orthodox holidays September 19:

The heavenly army in Christianity is controlled by seven archangels, under whose command are guardian angels. Chief among them is the Archangel Michael. This messenger of God, who appeared and came to the aid of people more than once, is known for instructing Jesus Christ before the battle in Jericho. A memorial day was established in honor of the defender of the gates of heaven, Archangel Michael. It is timed to coincide with his appearance to save the temple built in Khonek by the believer Arkhip from destruction by the pagans. Every year on September 19, the Remembrance of the miracle of the Archangel Michael is celebrated. A celebration in honor of all ethereal heavenly powers, seraphim, cherubim and thrones, which was established in the 6th century. at the Local Council in Laodicea, falls on November 21. In Orthodoxy, this celebration is also called the Council of the Archangel Michael. He performed many miracles, which are mentioned in the “Revelation” of John the Theologian and other books. This includes the salvation of the Athonite youth, and the transfer of the prophet Habakkuk to Babylon from Judea so that he could give food to Daniel, who was thrown into the den of lions. It is believed that the archangel helped Joan of Arc, fighting at the Battle of Orleans on the side of the French, taught Laurus and Florus to understand the language of horses and control them, so that the martyrs could help the shepherds. A miracle in the form of the appearance of the Archangel Michael in Khoneh (Colossae), located on the territory of modern Turkey, happened on September 19. On this day, the archangel opened a cleft in the mountain with his rod and sent water flowing from two mountain rivers there, thereby saving the temple from flooding. His appearance was the result of the tears and fervent prayers of the church builder, Archipus from Laodicea. Therefore, the archangel, the leader of the bright heavenly army, is honored annually on September 19. In Orthodoxy, this holiday is known as Michael's miracle. Long before this, the archangel appeared to the founder of the temple in a dream to open the way for him to heal his daughter from muteness. Having drunk water from the holy spring at his insistence, the girl recovered, and the whole family believed in Jesus and was baptized. The grateful father erected a temple in honor of the Archangel Michael, where he served as sexton for 60 years. Both Christians and pagans were healed in the holy spring, who then renounced their belief in idols and were baptized. Rus' has long revered the heavenly warrior, who more than once helped defend it from enemies. In memory of Archangel Michael, cathedrals were erected in Moscow, Nizhny Novgorod, Veliky Ustyug and Smolensk. It is not customary to work on September 19: on this day, according to an ancient tradition, “brotherhood” is held - meetings with relatives and neighbors, at which grievances are reconciled and forgiven. “Gatherings” end with hugs and fraternization. Liturgies are held in churches, during which prayers, troparia and kontakia dedicated to the Archangel Michael are heard.

Memorial Day of St. Archippus of Herotopos

Feast of the Arapeta Icon of the Mother of God