There are holidays not only national, but also international. World Environment Day relates to the second group. It attracts public interest to the main problems of the planet where we all live, and encourages countries to take real actions to improve the environment. Nature has a direct impact on the life of all humanity, for this reason the celebration has received such large-scale significance. In 1972, environmental issues were addressed at the Stockholm congress. The main goal of the conference members was to awaken public interest in the problems of natural systems. The reason was the appeal of many cultural figures to the UN Secretary General. The result of the congress was targeted measures aimed at reducing the level of environmental pollution. In addition, the conference participants proposed establishing an annual environmental holiday. Thus, Environment Day is celebrated on June 5 by all inhabitants of the planet. International public figures call on all people to understand serious issues and help protect nature. In addition, they unite states to form friendly relations, because only by uniting can we ensure a happy future for ourselves. Activists have created a set of measures to limit the impact of human activity on the environment. This wonderful holiday helps direct the thoughts of all the inhabitants of the Earth to maintain an optimal balance of the environment. - reduction of toxic emissions into the air and water bodies; - opening of nature reserves and national parks to protect natural complexes; - restrictions on hunting and fishing to preserve endangered species of plants and animals; - ban on illegal garbage removal and high-quality waste recycling. These are just the basic demands proposed by the world community. Each time the number of problems only increases, and they all need to be solved together. This holiday helps to understand the problem that has arisen and stimulates every inhabitant of the planet to take active action. Any measures to protect nature must be steadily developed and purposefully implemented - only in this way will we learn to prevent global cataclysms. In turn, state communities are obliged to solve environmental problems comprehensively. Russia occupies a fairly large territory, and therefore bears a great responsibility for the conservation of various natural systems. The holiday is important for our country, but not all Russians know about it. Therefore, it is necessary to inform people about existing problems and actively influence people’s consciousness, which is what various world communities are doing. During the celebration, some countries hold rallies, cyclist parades, music concerts, street cleaning, waste and garbage disposal, and various competitions. The goals of the celebration are very different, but the main thing that unites them is to attract interest in environmental issues. According to experts in the field of environmental protection, today there are about 20 thousand people working as employees of the State Government of the Russian Federation and regional government agencies. About 200 thousand trained specialists work at enterprises in various areas of the national economy and in the environmental protection services industry. There are 60-100 thousand people in scientific and general educational institutions in this area, and the number of students in secondary specialized institutions and universities is 40-45 thousand. There are over 1,000 ecological communities operating on the territory of the Russian Federation, uniting a large number of the Earth’s inhabitants.

Fairs, vernissages, biennales and air shows are organized to sell goods, demonstrate paintings and films, aviation or space technology. Exhibitions contribute to the development of trade within the country and abroad, the creation of economic and political ties between states. Demonstration of their achievements by small and medium-sized businesses is an effective marketing tool that is used to promote goods and services on the market. Large companies and corporations take part in exhibitions to find new partners and establish business connections. A new form of economic interaction appeared as a result of the development of trade, a way of exchanging information and new technologies. In Rus', merchants have long organized fairs dedicated to major national holidays. The emergence of world exhibitions in Europe in the mid-19th century. predetermined the rapid development of industry. The increase in production rates and the emergence of new types of products required the expansion of sales markets. Paying tribute to a long historical tradition, Global Exhibition Day is celebrated annually on the first Wednesday in June. The history of congress and exhibition activities goes back hundreds of years. In Europe, the first demonstrations of technical innovations, industrial and national economic achievements began in the 1760s. Exhibitions were opened in London, Berlin, Dresden, Paris, Munich. The first public exhibition of Russian manufactured goods with 108 participants took place in 1829 in St. Petersburg. The World Exhibition, an international event, took place in London in May 1851. For the World Industrial Exhibition, a special pavilion was built in Hyde Park - the Crystal Palace. The giant structure made of glass, metal and concrete in a futuristic style caused a strong reaction from the public. This case was not the only one in the practice of organizing such events: pavilions often became examples of architectural, technical, scientific and artistic achievements of their time. This is illustrated by extant photographs of buildings at industrial exhibitions in the United States in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. In addition to pavilions for exhibitions, decorative structures were also created. Thus, the Eiffel Tower, presented in Paris at the World Exhibition of 1889, was not dismantled as planned, and today is a symbol of the capital of France. The monument of monumental art "Worker and Collective Farm Woman" now stands at the entrance to VDNKh. Initially, the sculpture was created by V. Mukhina for the USSR pavilion, built in 1939 for the International Exhibition in Paris. World Exhibition Day was established in 2016 on the initiative of Sergei Alekseev, who proposed celebrating the holiday while serving as President of the Global Association of the Exhibition Industry (UFI). It was supported by 684 members of the organization, founded in 1925, from 85 states. Business events held on the first Wednesday in June emphasize the importance of face-to-face communication and personal meetings for establishing business partnerships and trade, uniting representatives of different countries and cultures. The holiday calls for paying tribute to industry professionals and its role in economic development. The first Russian partner of the World Association of the Exhibition Industry became the Moscow Expocenter in 1975. Its pavilions, built in 1959, housed at various times exhibitions of enterprises from the USA, Czechoslovakia, Romania, Poland, Hungary and other countries. The exhibition center became the largest platform in the country where connections were established between Soviet and later Russian companies with foreign partners. In the north-west of the country in the Northern capital, Lenexpo was opened in 1968 - a venue for events of various levels and scales, which was replaced in 2014 by the modern Expoforum. The modern industry is represented by players who provide a wide range of services - from the construction of complexes and the design of expositions to the organization of exhibitions, conferences and congresses. And on the first Wednesday in June they take part in the celebration of World Exhibition Day.

Every year, June 5th marks the Day of the Establishment of the State Plant Quarantine Service. This professional holiday begins its history on June 5, 1931. It was then that the State Quarantine Service was formed in the USSR. Its powers were transferred in 2005 to Rosselkhoznadzor. Trade in plant products between states has been going on since time immemorial. However, the first law regulating it was adopted only in the mid-17th century. in France, when an epiphytoty (epidemic) of stem rust arose among cereals. By the end of the 20th century. More than a hundred states have organized special services to check the quality of imported and exported products. In Russia, the first law regulating plant quarantine was introduced in 1873. According to this document, the import of phylloxera-infected grapevines was prohibited. In 1931, the first list of plant pathogens was compiled, and 4 years later - a list of quarantine weeds. Currently, the Russian Federation has a list of quarantine objects dated December 26, 2007. Plant quarantine is a set of actions aimed at protecting the state's plant resources from quarantine pests divided into 3 groups:• insect pests (for example, Asian longhorned beetle, Japanese beetle, fruit weevil, apple fly);• weeds (for example, ciliated sunflower , Carolina nightshade, hairy string, axillary elderberry);• causative agents of various diseases (nematode, fungal, bacterial and viral). If they enter the country, the quarantine service is obliged to localize the source of infection and eliminate it. Plant quarantine can be either external or and internal. If the first monitors the export and import of potentially dangerous plant resources, the second controls the timely detection of quarantine outbreaks and conducts phytosanitary monitoring. The tasks of plant quarantine include:• checking seeds and planting material, as well as plants, fruits, berries and vegetables for the presence of insects, weeds and pathogens;• issuing quarantine permits and certificates;• laboratory examinations;• disinfection of contaminated materials;• disinfection of transport arriving from quarantine zones or from abroad;• educational activities - familiarizing the population with the activities of the service, creating scientific and reference literature. Plant quarantine is based on the knowledge base of biology and botany, chemistry and ecology. Rosselkhoznadzor employees conduct scientific observations and research in subordinate research institutes. Inspectors of the plant quarantine service are legally granted the right to be in ports, stations, airports and railway stations, border crossings, post offices, elevators, agricultural enterprises and take samples of plant products for subsequent analysis. In their activities, service employees interact with the Ministry of Internal Affairs, the FSB and the Federal Customs Service. According to tradition, on June 5, festive events are organized in honor of employees and veterans of the service, exhibitions of achievements and master classes for the exchange of best practices, and educational work is also carried out among the population about the features of the service’s activities.

The state service for the protection of public order was organized in the Russian Empire in 1715. Three years later, Peter I issued a decree establishing the post of Chief of Police of St. Petersburg. He was in charge of the office, which included soldiers and officers of the Semenovsky and Preobrazhensky regiments. The activities of the law enforcement agency were regulated by a document entitled “Points Given to the St. Petersburg Chief of Police.” The final version of the service charter was developed under Catherine II. The date of the decree issued by Peter I in 1718 is considered the Day of the Education of the Russian Police, which is celebrated on June 5. The holiday does not have state status. In 2016, the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation developed a draft Decree “On establishing the Day of Education of the Russian Police,” but the document was not signed. The employees of the department, which received the status of a ministry under Alexander I in 1802, did not have a professional holiday. However, in 2018, the Ministry of Internal Affairs, by internal decree, declared June 5 as the Day of Education of the Russian Police. In the same year, for the 300th anniversary of the memorable date, a commemorative breastplate and medal, silver and gold coins in denominations of 3, 25 and 50 rubles were issued. On June 5, funeral services were held in all churches of the country for employees of the Ministry of Internal Affairs who died in the line of duty. Before Peter the Great, representatives of law enforcement agencies in the state were governors and governors. In large settlements there was a position of mayor, who was responsible for “deanery.” In 1715, with the establishment of the police chancellery in St. Petersburg, the names and structure of the bodies monitoring law and order changed. In 1740, 22 years after the publication of the famous decree, police institutions operated in 23 cities of the Russian Empire. They were in charge of imposing fines and arresting criminals, placing them in correctional or workhouses, and using corporal punishment against violators. In its more than 300-year history, the police changed its name only once. This happened as a result of the October Revolution. In 1917, “to protect revolutionary public order,” a workers’ militia was created by decree of the People’s Commissar of Internal Affairs of the RSFSR. Under this name, the law enforcement body existed until March 1, 2011, when the Law “On the Police” was adopted. Today, like centuries ago, employees of the Ministry of Internal Affairs are engaged in maintaining public order in the country and fighting crime. The professional activity of workers involved in criminal investigation is associated with a risk to life. Despite this, department employees continue to guard the law, searching for offenders and preventing crimes of varying severity. Therefore, every year on June 5, colleagues, relatives and friends sincerely congratulate all professionals of the Ministry of Internal Affairs on the Day of Education of the Russian Police.

The USSR's allies in the fight against Nazi Germany landed in Normandy on June 6, 1945. The appearance in Western Europe of a landing party of more than 150 thousand soldiers from Great Britain, the USA and Canada put an end to the Nazis' confidence that the Third Reich would exist for a thousand years. It is believed that June 5 was the day the Nazis’ illusions regarding Germany’s world hegemony collapsed. In honor of this event, the Holiday of Popular Misconceptions was established. The Festival of Popular Delusions Day was first celebrated in 1945. Over time, the tradition of celebrating the collapse of Nazism spread from Germany to other countries. Operation Neptune, carried out in northwestern France on June 6, 1945, put an end to the fascist ideology of militaristic ultranationalism and the dictatorial regime of A. Hitler. It is no coincidence that the Fuhrer was considered the ideologist of the creation of a racial doctrine. The Reich Chancellor hated not only Jews, but also Slavs, Gypsies, Poles and representatives of other nations. According to the concept of racial hygiene, alcoholics, epileptics, the mentally retarded and other persons with hereditary diseases were also subject to destruction. The Fuhrer's plans included the colonization of European countries by the Aryans and the establishment of dominance over the territory of the USSR. The Ost plan, which was based on the Germanization of the Soviet republics after the victory of Germany, was designed for 30 years. According to the Fuhrer's plan, the USSR had to be divided into 2 parts. More than 30 million Soviet citizens were planned to be deported to Siberia. The population of the former USSR, the “living space in the East,” was to be led by representatives of the Baltic republics. It was also planned to deport the Poles, half of the Czechs and almost all Belarusians to Western Siberia. The European part of the Soviet Union was populated by 8-10 million purebred Germans as representatives of the Indo-European people, physically and intellectually superior to other nations. Italy became the first ally of the Third Reich in Europe. Therefore, Hitler ranked its inhabitants among the “true Aryans,” as well as other associates - the Hungarians. The Czechs were considered the lowest level in this gradation, but suitable for assimilation by the Germans. The Japanese became the “superior race among Asians” - Germany favored the Land of the Rising Sun, because saw it as a potential ally in the war against the USSR, capable of creating a second front in the Far East. Berlin was planned to be the capital of the Third Reich. According to the Reich Chancellor's plan, Germany and Italy were to dominate the European continent after the final victory of fascism. Finland, as a loyal ally, received the northern half of Sweden, and Spain, under the Franco regime, received part of France. The Third Reich, also often called the Millennium, was planned to include England and the British colonies in Africa. However, Hitler's plans were not destined to come true. The Soviet Union gave a worthy rebuff to the enemy, and the Nuremberg trials condemned the ideology of Nazism, social Darwinism, anti-Semitism and “racial hygiene” - the destruction of people because of their belonging to a particular nation. The collapse of the idea of ​​the Thousand-Year Reich formed the basis of the Festival of Popular Delusions, which is celebrated annually on June 5th.

The ancient traditions of Slavic holidays have reached our time. From time immemorial, many rituals and special dates were considered the basis for the well-being of the entire Family. Holidays are strongly connected with the forces of nature, which outline the path of life, let necessary energies into the world, and set the rhythm of existence. Wise ancestors believed in the inexhaustible power of nature and gave it a secret, animated meaning. Rusalya is considered the week of the beginning of summer. With the onset of summer comes Spiritual Day - a holiday that is celebrated for seven days. It is believed that at this time the goddess of death Marena releases the souls of the dead from her possessions into the world of the living, into the world of Revealing. Descendants living today can meet their long-gone ancestors; all they need to do is invite them to their home. Freshly cut birch branches are used as an invitation; in Slavic rituals they symbolize strong family ties, the connection of all family members - living and dead. It is customary to place birch twigs in the corners of rooms throughout the home, thereby expressing the desire to spiritually reunite with one’s ancestors. The day of the Spirits is also known for its dangers, because restless souls also come to the world of Revealing. As a rule, we are talking about suicides. Attention is focused on Mermaids and women who drowned themselves without permission. The belief warns that souls that have not found peace and quiet after death can be dangerous to the living. Returning to the world of Reveal, they strive to penetrate the body and take possession of it completely, subjugating the innocent soul. That is why the Slavs wore body amulets using Odolen-grass (water lily, St. John's wort, sainfoin, spurge). In different regions you can find different interpretations of the miraculous herb, which is supposed to protect the owner of the amulet from evil spirits. During Rusal Week, water acquires unique energetic properties, connecting together pulsating energies from the world of gods, ancestors and the living (Ravi, Silavi and Yavi). Our ancestors firmly believed in the magical power of water, which in the hands of powerful healers could relieve the most terrible ailments; in the hands of sorcerers it opened all the curtains of time, and in the hands of black sorcerers it turned into a deadly poison. According to tradition, on the banks of lakes and rivers, residents of nearby villages left offerings for Mermaids and mermaid children. It could be clothes or embroidered towels. In the old days, Spirits Day was considered a time for communication not only with ancestors, but also with meadow, forest and water spirits of their kind, mermaid spirits. They tried to honor them in every possible way and were sure to appease them with offerings and gifts. All so that the spirits give a good harvest, promote favorable weather, water the fields, meadows and pastures with the juices of the Earth, so that people and animals are well-fed. The Slavs believed that Mermaids perform a special ritual on Spiritual Day to preserve and grow crops. Rusalya Week is a period of hope and rest. By this time, the peasant must complete all land work. It was believed that he had already done everything he could for his field. Now he must rely on the dictates of nature, and ask for help from the mermaid spirits of his kind, putting aside all household matters. If you forget about mermaids and get to work on a holiday, then angry otherworldly forces will punish the apostates with trampled fields, diseases, bad weather, and crop failure. The mermaids, having escaped into the world of Reveal, spin around in a dance. They can be found in a meadow, at a crossroads, near a cemetery or in flowering meadows. Such a meeting could bring a radically different result for a person. In one case - wealth and high position, and in the other - troubles and misfortunes. People believed that children and young girls should avoid Mermaids. The mermaid round dance could carry them along. For living people there was no way out of this dance, only death. That is why the children were not allowed to go for a walk in the meadow or to the lake during the special week. If during this period a child disappeared or died in the village, they said that the Mermaids called him to them. Mermaids were especially feared on Thursday. All week it was customary to sing mermaid songs and dance in circles, and on Sunday the Mermaids were escorted (expelled) home. It was also a farewell to spring.

The ray of sun that is reflected from mirrors and glass is very restless - it flickers and constantly jumps, trying to disappear. A speck of light that appears on the surface jumps and runs away like a hare. The rays are best observed on flat surfaces - on the floor, walls, ceiling and furniture. Due to its flickering and spasmodic behavior, the optical phenomenon in everyday life is called the “sunbeam”. Scientists have long studied the halo effect and one of its varieties - parahelium. With it, several suns can be observed in the sky above the horizon at the same time. These rainbow spots appear at the level of the star due to the refraction of its rays in ice crystals that are present in the Earth's atmosphere. A funny holiday has been established in honor of this natural phenomenon. This celebration is especially popular among children. Every year on June 5th the Sun Bunnies Festival is celebrated. Artists spiritualize them by depicting highlights in the form of cute fluffy balls, which become characters in books and cartoons. Sunny bunnies, a symbol of spring and childhood, are present in poems and songs. In the Soviet film “Once More About Love,” the main character, played by Tatyana Doronina, sings with a guitar: The song in an allegorical form talks about how difficult it is for an adult to give up fantasies. Children float paper boats through puddles, dream of traveling to distant lands and believe in daisy fortune telling. As you grow older, illusions dissipate: the world around you turns out to be not as fabulous as you would like, and the only thing that does not disappoint and remains unchanged after years is the sunbeam. It brings joy into our lives and helps lift the spirits of adults and children. In order to launch a sunbeam, it is enough to have a small mirror or a piece of glass. With their help, they “catch” rays of light and direct them in the right direction. Cute and harmless children's fun is not only a game, but also a way to transmit a distress signal. Flashes of light from a flashlight, a lighted fire, or a sunbeam cast on the glass of a helicopter cabin save the lives of people who find themselves in an emergency situation. In honor of the holiday, competitions, themed games and drawing competitions are organized among preschool children. There are other events taking place on June 5th. They sound riddles and poems dedicated to radiant bunnies - companions of a happy childhood, the memories of which warm a person, like the warmth of the sun, throughout his life.

There are probably few people who would not be interested in issues related to the environment, since one way or another, these problems concern each of us. The environment is the air we breathe, the water we drink, the food we eat, and the wildlife we ​​interact with. And for those who are concerned about the state in which the world around us will pass on to subsequent generations, the principle: “After us, even a flood,” is unacceptable. Unfortunately, rapidly developing technological progress causes irreparable harm to our planet and each of us. These questions, perhaps not to the same extent as today, were relevant throughout the world already in the seventies of the last century. Therefore, on June 5, 1972, the UN held a conference on environmental issues and established a holiday called World Environment Day, or Ecologist's Day. It is celebrated in almost all European countries. Every year, a new theme for World Environment Day is determined and the host country for the holiday is selected. The motto under which the holiday will be held is proclaimed. For example, in 2013, the host country was Mongolia, which was not chosen by chance: its government suspended the development of new coal deposits and announced its intentions to obtain energy from inexhaustible sources such as the sun, wind, etc. The world community also noted the achievements of this country in environmental education of youth. In Russia, Ecologist Day is celebrated relatively recently. The date for the holiday was signed by the President in 2007. Who celebrates this holiday? All people and organizations somehow related to ecology and natural resources: Environmental Prosecutor's Office, Ministry of Natural Resources and other public and private environmental organizations. This day is also celebrated by teachers and students of universities whose vocation is to protect the environment. On the eve of the holiday, many higher educational institutions hold round tables, scientific conferences, and briefings on environmental issues. Researchers are looking for approaches to solving this or that problem. Lectures are held for school students, the purpose of which is to teach the population, even from school, to take care of the environment and develop a culture of behavior in nature. Actions, excursions and open days are organized in nature reserves and national parks. Clean-up days are organized, during which the space of a park, courtyard, or alley is put in order - albeit a small one. As you know, everything big begins with the small and immediate, therefore all global changes must first begin with yourself.

Holidays in Kazakhstan - Ecologist Day

Every year on June 5, according to the Decree of the President of the Republic of Belarus, the country celebrates Environmental Protection Day in Belarus. It also coincides with World Environment Day. This event is aimed at attracting the attention of the public and political forces, to provoke their active actions, which would be aimed at protecting nature, at increasing its unique wealth. Because it’s no secret that today it is especially important to direct efforts to preserve minerals and clean air for future generations. It should be noted that significant changes in this direction are already noticeable in the Republic of Belarus. Thus, the amount of harmful emissions from industrial enterprises into the atmosphere has decreased by almost three times, and into water by 10 times. Before starting any construction or reconstruction work, an environmental assessment must be carried out. Parks and gardens are also being created, and special measures are being taken to protect the Belovezhskaya Pushcha Nature Reserve. The government is developing special projects and long-term programs whose goal is the environmental safety of the country. As part of the Environmental Protection Day, the state hosts thematic screenings of documentaries, social videos, seminars, environmental exhibitions, discussions, quizzes, excursions, conferences, and competitions on landscaping and landscaping. Many citizens take part in tree planting and numerous community cleanups. Also on this day, city administrations in the Republic of Belarus organize ceremonial rallies, festive concerts, and cyclist parades. Educational institutions host themed classes, poetry and poster competitions, and issue newspapers, leaflets and bulletins that encourage everyone to protect and enhance nature.

Danish Holidays - Constitution Day (Grundlovsdag)

Denmark Holidays - Father's Day

Baha'i Holidays - Feast of the Nineteenth Day of the Month of Nur

Levon Borage, also called Hemp, is popularly celebrated on June 5 (May 23 according to the old calendar style). Levon named the holiday in the name of Saint Leonty of Rostov, a bishop revered on this day by the Orthodox Church. Leonty was born in Constantinople in the 11th century into a Russian family. There is little information about his life, however, sources claim that he became a monk at the Kiev Pechersk Lavra. When Leonty was elevated to bishop, he went to Rostov, where he led the Rostov see. The bishop led an active struggle against idolaters and led many to the Christian faith. He died around the 1070s. The people renamed Leonty's name to Levon, and called him Borage for the tradition of planting cucumbers. Their planting was hidden from surrounding eyes, even from relatives, so as not to jinx the future harvest. Then they read a conspiracy for successful growth. The first grown cucumber was also hidden, it was picked and buried in the ground, believing that this would protect the entire crop from the envious evil eye. Another name of the day was Levon Konoplyanik. This date was considered successful for sowing hemp. In order for it to bear fruit well, peasants put a blessed egg into the seeds at Easter, and after sowing the hemp in the ground, the eggshells were crushed and scattered across the field. Hemp was popularly considered to be as important a crop as flax. Previously, ropes and thread were made from it. The fabric turned out to be strong, low-elastic, but well suited for sewing thick fabric for bags, thick shirts, and bedspreads. Hemp inflorescences were a generous honey plant for bees, and oil was crushed from the seeds, adding it to porridge. Hemp seeds were added to bread, fried and eaten like sunflower seeds. Cannabis was also used in folk medicine. Its seeds were useful for stomach pain, had a diuretic, analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties. An infusion of its inflorescences was used for headaches and insomnia. The infusion from the seeds helped increase the milk supply of a nursing woman. If an abundance of gadflies were observed on Levon Borage, then a generous cucumber harvest was expected. Blooming rowan on this day foreshadowed a high yield of hemp crops. An abundance of midges promised warm weather. Impending precipitation was determined by dim stars at night.

Holidays of Azerbaijan - Day of Water Resources and Land Reclamation Workers

International Day for the Fight against Illegal, Unreported and Unregulated Fishing

Every year, in May-June, the Jewish people celebrate Jerusalem Day - a national holiday, which was legalized in 1998 on March 23 by the Knesset - the Israeli authorities. The celebration is dedicated to the reunification of the Jerusalem people after the 6-day war for their sacred sites - the Temple Mount and the famous Western Wall. Back in 1948, Israel was officially declared an independent state. The capital was designated Jerusalem, which was divided into two halves. The eastern part was under constant Jordanian control. The main shrine, the Western Wall, was located precisely in the east of the city. When concluding a truce agreement, the Arabs allowed Jews to visit holy places and pray. However, the agreement was not respected for 2 decades. The Jewish people did not have free access to the temple and were constantly under fire from the Arabs. Growing tensions between the two halves of the Jewish capital led to the "Six Day War" in 1967. The first to attack were the Arab soldiers, who began shelling the border located in the middle of the city. During the fighting, many soldiers on both sides died. The Jewish army attacked all Arab headquarters. Finally, within 2,000 years, Jerusalem was reunited and declared “indivisible.” The great shrine has found its owner. Jerusalem today is a thriving city, open to its people and visiting tourists from all over the world. The Jewish capital is developing and progressing in all areas of activity. In the capital itself there is the Jewish parliament - the Knesset, the seat of government of the president of the state, all government ministries and the main rabbinate. An important point in the political agreements is the agreement to prohibit discussion of the unity and sovereignty of Jerusalem. Jerusalem Day is a special day for Jews, which gave the right of free access to all sacred sites not only to local residents, but to everyone. On the holiday, Jerusalem welcomes guests and residents with special events dedicated to the unification of the capital. Prayers and psalms are read in synagogues. People are happy and laughing. Fun youth events with songs and dances take place in the center of the capital. Also, the central square gathers columns from all sides, celebrating with flags, which eventually march to the Western Wall. This event is called "March with Flags". It is at the shrine that the main rallies are held, and after midnight a stream of government officials flocks here, who also gather for the celebration in the yeshiva. In addition to processions in the city, Mount Herzl honors fallen soldiers in the war for Jerusalem. Jewish Jerusalem attracts millions of tourists. People come to see, feel, experience and carry through themselves all the pain and mental anguish of the Israelis, as well as enjoy the beauty of the sacred points.

Orthodox holidays June 5:

The Memorial Day of St. Euphrosyne, Abbess of Polotsk is celebrated on June 5. The saint is revered in both the Orthodox and Greek Catholic churches. Euphrosyne is of particular importance for Belarus as the patroness of female monasticism. The saint was born at the beginning of the 12th century into the Polotsk princely family, descended from Vladimir the Baptist. Princess Predislava (worldly name) showed godly inclinations even at a very tender age, showing that the desire to draw closer to the Lord was more important to her than all earthly values. When the parents expressed their will, deciding that their 12-year-old daughter was ready to get married, the girl left her father’s house and headed to the Polotsk monastery with the intention of taking monastic vows. The abbess of the monastery, Predislava’s own aunt, tried to prevent her niece, but the princess found convincing words and became a nun under the name Euphrosyne. Knowledge of literacy determined the ministry of the young nun, who began a census of church books. Soon Euphrosyne begins to see dreams in which angels of God address her, suggesting a place for a future monastery. This was an area called Seltso, where the Transfiguration Cathedral, in which Euphrosyne occupies the rank of abbess, was being built in record time. The reverend’s activities were of an educational nature; in addition to the census of religious literature, her merits included the opening of an icon-painting and jewelry workshop. The creative personality of the saint had a significant influence on the political events of her time, colored by the contradictions of internecine fragmentation. Many of Euphrosyne’s relatives find themselves in monastic life, following the authority of the saint. In her old age, the abbess of Polotsk makes a pilgrimage to the Holy Lands. Through Constantinople, she makes her way to Jerusalem, where, before her death, she manages to visit the Holy Sepulcher. Euphrosyne finds her last refuge in the Holy City, but after the capture of Jerusalem by Muslims, her burial was taken to Kyiv. For a long time, Polotsk sought to transfer the relics of the saint into its walls. Only at the beginning of the 20th century was the final permission of Emperor Nicholas II received for the transfer. For the relics of the saint, a special reliquary was made from valuable cypress trees, purchased with donations from believers. The blessed remains of Euphrosyne survived through all the dangerous events of the 20th century: the First World War, anti-religious Soviet propaganda, the Second World War, the collapse of the USSR. The relics were hidden and protected; today they are in the Spaso-Efrosyne Monastery in Polotsk.

Cathedral of Rostov-Yaroslavl Saints

The Trinity is the personification of the trinity of the Highest Power, embodied in the images of God the Father, his Son Jesus Christ and the Holy Spirit. This theological dogma is recognized by most Christian denominations. According to the Gospel, the Holy Spirit descended on the disciples of Christ in the form of a flame on the 50th day after the resurrection of the Savior. The holiday is dedicated to one of the ways of being of the divine essence and its manifestation on Mount Sinai in Jerusalem. In honor of the fire that descended on the apostles, the day after Pentecost, believers celebrate the Day of the Holy Spirit. This time was considered special among the ancient Slavs. According to the traditions of our Spirit ancestors, the day marked the beginning of summer and Mermaid Week - a period of rest after working in the fields and gardens. It was believed that the peasant had done everything he could to get a good harvest, and now he needed to turn to the forces of nature for help. On Spirits Day, which always fell on Monday, rituals were held for the growth and preservation of crops, for which, according to ancient beliefs, mermaids were responsible. For the inhabitants of rivers and lakes on the banks, the Slavs left generous offerings - clothes and treats. The Slavs believed that on Spiritual Monday the soil becomes fertile, so it should not be disturbed. All work in the field and garden was prohibited. Women went out into the streets and had meals, sitting on the ground, which they symbolically fed with laid out food. The peasants asked the mermaids and merman to give life-giving juices and moisture to the meadows, fields and pastures sown with grain crops. Swimming on Spiritual Day was also prohibited. The mermaids in charge of reservoirs could tickle a person to death or drag a person to the bottom. All Slavic holidays were associated with the forces of nature, its inexhaustible power and vital energy. On Spiritual Day they predicted the weather for the next 40 days. It was believed that it marks the arrival of the warm season, so fruit crops can already be planted in the ground. Rain on Spirit Monday promised a hot summer and sunny autumn, abundant flowering of trees - a cold winter. The girl’s wreath, launched in honor of the holiday and remaining on the surface, spoke of her imminent marriage. Washing in the morning on Spiritual Monday with dew or well water gave youth and health. Our ancestors believed that once a year the goddess Morena releases the souls of the dead into the world of reality. For spiritual reunification with them, cut birch branches were laid out in the corners of the house - a talisman against evil, a symbol of resurrection and the strength of family ties. In memory of this Slavic tradition, Orthodox believers go to church the day after Trinity. After the service, candles are lit in churches for the repose of the souls of the departed. Churches for the Day of the Holy Spirit are decorated with freshly cut grass and tree branches, incl. birch. Priests conduct services in green vestments. Birch branches from the temple are taken home to bring good luck and prosperity to it. Christians make donations, giving gifts from the bottom of their hearts to the poor and suffering. In church and at home, believers read an akathist and a prayer to the Holy Spirit, congratulating family and friends on the holiday.