The UN proposed to celebrate August 9 as the International Day of the World's Indigenous Peoples, starting in 1994. An important date was set in honor of the first meeting in 1992 of the working group on broad issues: poverty, disease, high mortality, discrimination. Now in the world there are about 370 million representatives of peoples who originally inhabit their lands, and live in various parts of the planet. Approximately 90 modern countries can say that they have representatives on their territory. For the total population, the size is small - only 5%, the more significant are the other figures. They are carriers of more than 5 thousand cultures and languages, which is the overwhelming majority among the global number. Therefore, it is so important to help them preserve their identity, cultural characteristics, and traditions. To do this, it is necessary, first of all, to respect the territorial rights of the small population. But in the era of industrialization and active extraction of natural resources, which has become a priority factor for many states, maintaining property and independence is very difficult. The active infringement of rights and freedoms began quite a long time ago - during the heyday of colonization in the 15th century. And by today the majority are in danger of extinction. In Russia, there is a special unified list of such peoples, established by the government, according to which 47 small nationalities live on the territory of the state, making up less than a percent of the total number. But if some, such as the Nenets, of whom there are more than 40 thousand people, are considered a rather impressive nationality in number, then the Kereks from Chukotka or the Vodi from the Leningrad region are disappearing representatives. Until the 1940s, in Russia, even in official documents, politically incorrect names were used - “natives” or “foreigners”, while other countries used the name “aboriginals”. This is what the United States did, now calling the Indians “Native Americans.” But no replacement of terms will compensate for the consequences of European colonization, as a result of which many died or were moved to reservations, deprived of the possibility of a traditional way of existence. The UN is trying to help in many issues, in particular, in 2007, a separate Declaration was adopted on indigenous peoples, recognition of their freedoms and equalities, the opportunity to live their own political and economic will, and have their own land. A System-Wide Action Plan was developed in 2015, but without the active support of the global community, especially at the local level, it is impossible to fulfill all the conditions. Therefore, a special international day for the protection of the rights to the inviolable identity of indigenous peoples around the world is one of the ways to jointly try to solve problems. The results are summed up annually with positive results. Indicative are the countries of Latin America, such as Ecuador and Mexico, which have taken real steps in the right direction. States such as Chile, Australia, and New Zealand have announced their intention to make special amendments to the Constitution to recognize small nations on their territory. The Philippines set an example by passing a similar law in 2007. Specific projects and programs are presented to the public, and the topics change annually. On a special date, there is an opportunity to discuss the issues together, including delegates of First Nations, human rights organizations and their friends, at a gala event hosted by the UN. August 9th has been an educational and interesting month lately. Exhibitions of folk crafts, activities, exhibitions of household items, folk concerts, master classes in applied arts, national sports and cuisine will introduce those interested to the peculiarities of culture, art, and lifestyle. Modern man has a lot to learn from indigenous peoples - amazing, harmonious interaction with the surrounding nature. Therefore, environmental organizations were the first to support and continue to provide assistance to ethnic groups. This holiday teaches how, through mutual respect for customs and spiritual traditions, goodness and peace can be achieved for the entire population of the planet.

On August 9, Russia celebrates one of its great victories - the first ever winning battle of the naval fleet over the Swedes, near Cape Gangut in 1714. This event proved to the whole world that the Russian flotilla, despite its “young” age and inexperience, is a powerful enemy. The holiday refers to the days of military glory, i.e. events that played a huge role in the history of our country. Thus, the victory of the Russian Empire over Sweden, near Gangut, is celebrated annually on August 9. This battle was decisive during the Northern War and is considered the first victorious battle of the Russian naval fleet in history. The holiday has been celebrated since 1995, in accordance with the law “on memorable dates and days of military glory.” First of all, this event is celebrated by employees of the navy of our country. On this day, festive fireworks are set off on ships and entertainment events are organized. Every year, on August 9, according to tradition, they try to highlight particularly distinguished employees by awarding titles and medals. Everywhere in temples and churches a memorial service is heard in memory of those killed in this battle. Both senior management and ordinary citizens bring flowers and wreaths to monuments and memorials. The Northern War between our country and the Kingdom of Sweden lasted 21 years, from 1700-1721. The main goal of the Russians was to return the territories that Sweden conquered in the 16-17th century and gain access to the Baltic Sea. The Battle of Gangut, which took place on August 6-7, 1714, near the Gangut Peninsula in the Baltic Sea, is considered one of the turning points of this war. At the beginning of 1714, Russia already occupied an advantageous position on the Baltic Sea, but the highest leadership was given a command to move the battle line to Swedish territory. At the end of June, most of our fleet was located in the eastern territory of Gangut, with the goal of landing troops on the Abo-Aland archipelago to increase military power on land, while part of our garrison was already in the city of Abo. But the problem of the Russian navy at that time was that, despite the number, they were all small ships (100 ordinary and small galleys) that could not compete in direct combat with Swedish linkers. Our fleet was commanded by Admiral Apraskin. Due to the difficult situation, he did not decide to take risks and reported the situation to Emperor Peter I. To bypass the enemy, Peter the Great decided to split the fleet and strike from the rear. To do this, a wooden flooring was built in the narrow part of the isthmus, through which part of the galleys could be thrown. Having learned about this, the Swedish command, represented by General Vatrang, divided its army and sent part of the ships with General Erenshald to the main forces of the Russian fleet, and the other half to the isthmus. I would like to note that on this day there was complete calm at sea, this greatly worsened the mobility of the Swedish linkers, but improved the position for the Russian galleys. All this played into the hands of Peter I and our flotilla, thanks to maneuverability, the galleys overtook the Swedes and attacked Erenshald on August 7, 1714. Meanwhile, the remaining forces struck from the other flank. After a long battle, 10 enemy ships were captured, and 361 people from Sweden were killed. On August 8, the enemy fleet fled to the Åland Islands, and on August 9, mass celebrations took place in honor of the great victory. The Battle of Gangut was of great importance during the Northern War; it is considered the first victory of the Russian fleet over enemy ships. Peter I highly appreciated the tactics and heroism of our officers, because at that time the young and not yet so experienced Russian flotilla defeated the then invincible Sweden.

The love of reading has given rise to several holidays, one of which is World Book Day, celebrated on August 9. Originating in the USA as an unofficial celebration, over time the holiday became international. In all countries, it is celebrated by writers, poets, publishers, employees of printing houses and bookstores, libraries and, of course, the largest group of literature fans - readers. Those readers, thanks to whom books live, are in demand. And it doesn’t matter whether they spend money on buying books or visit libraries, whether they read paper versions or use e-books. The author’s thoughts are important, as they develop fantasy and imagination, help to get acquainted with new countries and people, learn facts from the past, look into the future and even be transported to new fictional worlds. The love for books begins in childhood. The greatest achievement of any parent is to instill in a child a love of reading. Fill his inner world with light and kind content from childhood. Using the example of correct works, teach a child to do good deeds, provide assistance, learn to be merciful and responsive. This day is celebrated in different ways. Some book lovers will prefer to stay at home, sitting comfortably, and refresh their memory of the lines of their favorite novel, poem or poem. Others will be happy to attend creative meetings, master classes of writers and poets, literary lectures, book exhibitions, and sales fairs dedicated to the holiday. And someone will want to take an autograph from their favorite writer at the festive presentation of a new work. Areas for reading poetry and prose must be organized. Aspiring authors can demonstrate their talent and read their poems to everyone. Or an ordinary person has the opportunity to introduce the public to his favorite work. And in the cultural capital of our homeland, St. Petersburg, poetry on this day can be read right on the street. On August 9, fans of the Finnish writer, artist and illustrator Tove Jansson celebrated her birthday. The whole world reads her books about sweet and kind Moomins. Every year, since 2001, UNESCO determines the most reading capital of the world based on the criterion of accessibility of reading to all segments of the population. Today this status is borne by the city of Sharjah, UAE. The next year the choice fell on Kuala Lumpur. Let's hope and make efforts so that Moscow appears among these names in the near future. The data from the All-Russian Center for the Study of Public Opinion is encouraging and encouraging: over the past five years, the number of reading Russians has grown by 8% and amounted to 53% of the total population.

There are many romantic holidays in the calendar of special dates. One of them is celebrated in August - the last month of summer, which traditionally includes many weddings. The day of air kisses is dedicated to light flirting, unobtrusive signs of attention that speak of sympathy and love. In honor of the gesture of showing tenderness and attention to a loved one, a holiday has been established. August 9 is Blow Kisses Day. It is believed that the gesture demonstrating reverent attitude towards the object of worship was invented by the ancient Romans. According to tradition, after prayers in temples, they kissed statues of Zeus, Aphrodite, Hermes or Apollo. Sculptors made statues of gods from stone and bronze, each time increasing their creations in size in recognition of the greatness of the gods of Olympus. As a result, it became increasingly difficult for free citizens of Rome to reach the statue or at least its feet. Touching the palm with the lips and symbolically sending a stream of air made it possible to demonstrate the worship of the deity in the form of a giant sculpture standing inside the Pantheon and other temples. Over time, the ritual gesture began to be used not only during religious ceremonies. They began to greet the emperors with air kisses, thereby recognizing their divine origin. During the Middle Ages, when epidemics of smallpox and plague were raging, physical contact was kept to a minimum due to the risk of spreading infections. The air kiss as a sign of sympathy and love became a real salvation for millions of Europeans: it allowed them to follow courtly etiquette without risking life and health. In India, where there is a strict division into castes and patriarchy reigns, physical contact is not encouraged. Therefore, to express gratitude, tenderness and sympathy for the opposite sex, residents of the country use “flying kisses”. In some countries of the world, two fingers placed on the lips are used to greet loved ones. In Spain, this gesture is known as beso de la moda ("fashionable kiss"). In Thailand, young people symbolically send a stream of air into the hand of a person older in age and position, showing respect and recognition. The appropriateness of using a gesture depends on the context of communication and the cultural traditions of the country. The idea of ​​celebrating a funny Day of Blow Kisses, which is celebrated on August 9 in many countries around the world, belongs to users of social networks. With the advent of the Internet in the lives of modern people, the exchange of pleasantries has moved to a new level. On social networks and instant messengers, admiration and approval are expressed with the help of likes and emoticons. Sending hearts, lip prints or blowing kisses is part of virtual etiquette. These emoji symbolize tenderness, friendship and love.

Coworking is a community of people united to realize unique creative ideas. A sustainable form of interaction based on the exchange of knowledge and skills for various technical purposes is called “brainstorming”. The prototype of the trend was hackerspaces, which exchanged achievements in similar scientific fields in the 90s of the last century in the USA and Germany. Contributions received from members of the organization were used to develop infrastructure. Coworking also has common features with public entrepreneurial groups, the most famous of which was the Schraubenfabrik center, created in Vienna in 2002 and over time developed into a large coworking space. This new concept is rapidly developing in the business space. International Coworking Day is an excellent occasion for summing up results and announcing achievements in the workplace and in groups. The founder of the movement is considered to be Brad Neuberg, a software engineer. He announced his intentions in a blog, took action and in late summer 2005 created the Spiral Muse Coworking Group. A similar movement called Spiral Muse started in San Francisco and Valencia. The term itself was coined by Bernand Koven, a “fun theorist,” who thus denoted a peer-to-peer approach to collaboratively solving innovative problems. The holiday began to be celebrated in 2010. The initiator of the event was the Brazilian owner of the coworking center, Cadu de Castro Alves, who decided to celebrate the services of the creator of the movement in the Coworking Google Group. He announced that this date will be celebrated regularly in the next 5 years. There are over 500 spaces in India that bring together freelancers, entrepreneurs, startups and mobile professionals. In Russia, coworking appeared for the first time in 2008 in Yekaterinburg, then in Novosibirsk, St. Petersburg, Tolyatti, Nizhny Novgorod and in a number of large cities. In Moscow, the movement enjoys government support. International Coworking Day is celebrated annually on August 9. It is perceived by society as an assessment of a unique aspect of a job. On this day, seminars and presentations are held at enterprises; bloggers try to mark the date with the hashtag #CoworkingDay on social networks, share observations and express opinions on developments in this segment. Many people have the idea that every person entering a coworking egregor is paving the way for the next generation to a new future and is part of something important and incomprehensible. This is very important for those who live far from large cities or are in seclusion. Coworking not only radically changes destinies, but also concentrates innovative ideas, thereby accelerating scientific progress. Basic information about coworking is reflected in the following figures: • there are 14,000 centers in the world, • the number of members exceeds 1 million people, • the number of operators and owners reaches 7,000 people, • 83% got rid of loneliness due to coworking, • 84% of involved members gained motivation, • 89% feel needed and a significant person in the community,• 73% have gotten rid of the fear of losing their sanity over the years. Emergencies wreak havoc, but co-creation and cooperation unite the planet's population and inspire their souls. Today's teams have become forward-thinking and are busy exploring opportunities beyond the boundaries of coworking spaces. The business is highly interested in innovative ideas and offers the best facilities for meetings and seminars. International Coworking Day opens up the world to everyone who wants to raise awareness and recognition of collaboration algorithms. The day promises to be busy. After a series of free lectures, each participant in the event can count on a treat, for example, a glass of beer.

Nagasaki Atomic Remembrance Day - Japan (Nagasaki Peace Memorial Ceremony)

US holidays - Fire Protection Day, Smokey Bear Day in the USA

On August 9 (July 27, old style), Orthodox Christians celebrate the day of St. Panteleimon, and the people called this day Panteleimon the Healer or Panteleimon the Headed. Pantoleon, which was Panteleimon’s name before baptism, was interested in medicine from his youth. The Christian mother managed to give her son only a basic idea of ​​Christianity, since she died early. His pagan father sent him to study with the eminent doctor Euphrosynus. Having shown zeal in the medical field, Pantoleon was called to the emperor’s court as a doctor. One day the young man met the unmercenary Ermolai, who preached Christianity among the pagans. Ermolai introduced Pantoleon to his faith, talking with him for a long time about the dangers of idolatry. The young man's faith was strengthened after he asked the Lord to help a child bitten by a snake. After this incident, the preacher Ermolai baptized him, giving him the name Panteleimon. The young doctor’s new name meant “all-merciful.” After accepting Christianity, the young man began to selflessly help all Christians. One day Panteleimon asked his father why idols stand still and do not help people, while the Lord constantly lends a helping hand to his sons. So he managed to sow the seeds of doubt about paganism in the soul of his parent. Having learned about the activities of his doctor, Emperor Maximian ordered him to renounce Christianity. To which the healer suggested testing who would heal the patient faster - a Christian or a pagan priest. Having won this dispute, Panteleimon attracted even more pagans to his side. The amazed and enraged emperor ordered his servants to torture Panteleimon. They drowned him, burned him, drove him on the wheel, and set wild animals on him. However, the pagans were unable to kill the doctor. After some time, a voice was heard from heaven, calling Panteleimon to the Kingdom of Heaven. Then the doctor, rejoicing at the upcoming meeting with the Lord, was tied to an olive tree and beheaded. Milk flowed from the wound on the doctor’s body, and the tree immediately became covered with fruits. The severed head of the martyr is kept in the monastery named after him on Mount Athos. Among the people, the saint is considered the patron saint of warriors and the deliverer from illnesses. There is a belief that an incurable disease can be defeated by holding a prayer service in honor of the great martyr and praying to his icon. Also on this day, peasants illuminated the ears of the first harvest in churches. After lighting, they were stored in huts for a rich harvest the following year. On August 9, knowledgeable people went to collect medicinal herbs. Herbs were collected by observing special rituals and saying special words. It was forbidden to work on this day. It was believed that the name Panteleimon is associated with the verb “to burn.” There was a popular belief that on this day one should not go into the field, otherwise a thunderstorm would burn all the bread. One of the popular nicknames of St. Panteleimon was “The Headed One.” It is due to the fact that by the beginning of August the cabbage forks begin to set. On this day, housewives prepared pies with cabbage and cabbage soup. They treated children and the needy for a good future cabbage harvest.

Catholic holidays - Feast of Saint Teresa Benedicta of the Cross

Orthodox holidays on August 9:

On August 9, according to the new style (July 27, according to the old style), the Christian world remembers the healer and martyr Panteleimon, who before his baptism bore the name Pantoleon. This man, who had an excellent education, studied the art of healing from the famous healer Euphrosyne. Panteleimon reached heights in this matter: he was even invited by Emperor Maximian. Eustorgius, Panteleimon's father, was an idolater, and his early deceased mother, Evvula, professed Christianity in secret from everyone. Panteleimon accepted Christianity only when he was able to bring a dead child back to life by fervently praying. After that, he constantly used prayer as a way to heal hopelessly ill people. Panteleimon helped everyone, without asking for anything for himself. He even distributed the rich fortune left by his father to those in need. The emperor learned about the miracles being performed from other doctors who fiercely hated Panteleimon. Maximian demanded that he demonstrate his loyalty to the pagan gods by making a sacrifice. After his refusal, the pagans subjected him to terrible torture, but Christ saved the martyr from death. Only after the beheading were the idolaters able to see the death of Panteleimon. However, the body of the passion-bearer, which they set on fire, did not burn. Then his remains, oozing milk rather than blood, were stolen by Christians. His relics are found in many temples around the world. Every August 9, in the Madrid monastery, where the blood collected from the place of execution of the saint of God is kept, a miracle occurs. It, which has been in a frozen state all year, becomes liquid. This phenomenon attracts many pilgrims. The name Panteleimon, given to the healer after baptism, means “all-merciful,” and his pagan name translates as “lion in everything.” That is why the martyr is considered an assistant to the suffering, doctors, and the military. People turn to him when going to the battlefield: after all, there is a belief that he protects from death. The Russian fleet won brilliant victories on the day of remembrance of the martyr, which is why he is also called the patron saint of sailors. They fervently pray to Saint Panteleimon, asking for good mental and physical health. People turn to him after major operations, when they need to gain strength for a long rehabilitation. To help him, at home, in the red corner, they place his icon, consecrated in the church. It depicts a beardless young man holding a spoon and a small chest of medicine. It is noteworthy that not only Christians, but also representatives of other faiths turn to the passion-bearer: he helps everyone. On the day of remembrance of Panteleimon, you need to pray for sick family members, light a candle in the church for their health, and order a prayer service for health. If someone suffers from illnesses for a long time, then you can order sorokoust. Also, after prayers addressed to the healer, you need to sprinkle holy water on the sick person’s home and the room where he is located. It should be remembered that prayer will take effect only after complete repentance of sins, confession and communion. On this day, the people collected the last medicinal herbs, baked pies with cabbage and cooked cabbage soup, and treated the poor to lunch. On this day it was impossible to work in the field, otherwise the saint could punish him by burning the crop.

Memorial Day of St. Herman of Alaska