Which relative has deserved the universal love of society, to such an extent that the attitude towards this person is described by a mass of jokes, songs and other works of art? Of course, we are talking about the mother-in-law. The etymology of the word “mother-in-law” is quite extensive. Some philologists claim that it comes from the verb “to console, console,” others that from the word “to console.” In a word, contrary to popular belief about the maliciousness of this woman in general, the mother-in-law is a sweet, kind and comforting person. Some cities even have memorial sites in her honor. So, for example, in Odessa there is a mother-in-law bridge, and in the city of Tula there is a whole monument to the mother-in-law, although in it she has slightly lost her human appearance. By the way, people's ridicule of the relationship between son-in-law and mother-in-law - the wife's mother - in jokes, rather confirms the rule about the closeness and warm attitude of these two people towards each other. After all, they are connected by love for the most precious thing in their lives - love for their daughter and wife. Everyone wants to please and make life better for this person, and on the basis of this idyll, quarrels are almost impossible. There are, of course, cases - but this is more likely on purpose, so that there is a reason for jokes. Surprisingly, there is even a mother-in-law holiday in the world - it is celebrated every fourth Sunday in October. The holiday appeared in the world quite a long time ago - since 1934, unfortunately, it has never reached the status of well-known. As you know, Mother's Day and Father's Day are very popular holidays in the world, so one of the editors of an American newspaper in Texas decided to offer another important day - Mother-in-Law Day. Since then, this holiday has been actively and cheerfully celebrated in families in America, and later in Europe. In our country it is not very popular yet - however, the prerequisites are emerging, because the mother-in-law is a very colorful character in any family. In any family on this day it is customary to meet the mother-in-law, say kind words to her, give gifts, and, of course, sit at the common table. Every experienced husband will tell you that maintaining a good and calm relationship with your mother-in-law is the key to a healthy and harmonious family. Indeed, in most cases, the mother-in-law is also a grandmother and always a mother. So, remember - every fourth Sunday in October you have an official occasion to visit your mother-in-law - do not forget to bring nice and kind words, as well as gifts. After all, appeasing your mother-in-law is an excellent, healthy and always useful idea.

October 22 is a holiday that protects the stronger half of humanity from violence by women. Contrary to established stereotypes, men are subjected to psychological aggression and beatings in 7 out of 100 families where abusive relationships are observed. The holiday is celebrated by both classic henpecked men and husbands, at whom the fair sex raises their hand in the heat of a quarrel. The International Day for the Protection of the Male Nervous System from Violent Actions by Women encourages ladies to at least temporarily forget about hysterics, insults and physical humiliation of their partners. The holiday, which falls on October 22, is considered humorous and funny. Most often, men still complain that their spouses regularly “blow their minds” with dissatisfaction and claims, provoking quarrels. However, scientists note that psychological aggression causes no less injury than physical violence. Constant humiliation not only depresses and deprives a man of the incentive to improve, but also contributes to the development of an inferiority complex in him. Although aggression is often caused not by the desire to suppress a partner, but by the weakening of men in the modern world, where gender equality and feminism triumph. Women are forced to solve many problems on their own, and not only those that concern family and children. The desire to involve a spouse in this is often perceived as pressure and psychological violence. Representatives of the stronger sex are no less vulnerable than women, and are also distinguished by their fine mental organization. The stereotypes that have developed in society ("Boys don't cry", "Be a man!", etc.) require you to remain calm in any situation and not show emotions. Women's abuse (harsh treatment, bullying and violation of another person's personal boundaries) exists just as much as men's. Abuse and other forms of psychological pressure lead to the partner devaluing himself, suppressing his will and forming complete control over him. It’s not for nothing that the joke appeared: “An unmarried man feels good everywhere, but a married man feels good everywhere except at home.” Aggression towards a spouse is, as a rule, the appearance of selfishness, lack of care and love, and a consequence of the inability to build partnerships. The latter circumstance is often associated with the way of life at home, the behavior and interaction practices of the woman’s parents. Popular wisdom says: “Look at your future mother-in-law and find out what your wife will be like in old age.” If the wife’s family was dominated by an overbearing mother who caused scandals and reprimands for her husband, there is a high probability that the daughter would project such behavior onto her own personal life. International Day to Protect the Male Nervous System from Violence by Women draws attention to the fact that aggressive behavior by one of the partners is not the norm. And it doesn’t matter which of the two is the victim who suffers from psychological pressure. How is it customary to celebrate the international holiday that falls on October 22? On this day, women “leave the battlefield” - they show care and affection, dismantling their caring attitude towards men.

International and national celebrations in some countries around the world call for increased curiosity and the development of cognitive abilities in people. These include, for example, the Holiday of the Mind, established in honor of the US mathematician M. Gardner, and World Brain Day. The purpose of the activities carried out at this time is to train memory and attention, develop thinking and the ability to quickly make decisions. October 22 is celebrated as “It’s Cool to Be Smart” Day, somewhat similar to other holidays. Smart is Cool Day is aimed at a youth audience. The day is ideal to demonstrate to others your abilities and IQ level. In honor of “It’s Cool to Be Smart,” educational events are held in schools, meetings with graduates with university diplomas who talk about the benefits of having an education. In libraries and orphanages for creativity, intellectual games are held in the spirit of "What? Where? When?" and "Brain Ring". During Smart is Cool Day, children participate in chess and checkers competitions, solve puzzles, crosswords and rebuses. The program “Clever Men and Clever Girls” on Channel One of Russian TV talks about how important it is to be literate and have a developed intellect. Its permanent leader since 1992 is Professor and Candidate of Historical Sciences Yu. Vyazemsky. Guests of the studio, schoolchildren from all over the country, take part in the All-Russian Humanitarian Olympiad in front of an audience of millions. The reward for the winner is admission to MGIMO, one of the most prestigious domestic universities. Smart is Cool Day not only encourages young talents and ordinary children to develop their intelligence, but also provides an answer to the question: “Why is it cool to be smart?” There are at least 5 reasons to improve cognitive abilities: 1. monetization of knowledge - here it is appropriate to recall the intellectual game “What? Where? When?”, in which “everyone makes money with their own mind”; 2. respect in society; 3. historical legacy - geniuses leave behind scientific works, discoveries and memories for many centuries; 4. facilitating the learning process at school, college or institute; 5. achieving inner freedom and harmonious coexistence with the world. On October 22, video life hacks with the hashtag #besmart#cool are posted on Internet platforms and social networks. In honor of the holiday, young and not so young people demonstrate miracles of intelligence and dexterity and take IQ tests. N. Tesla, A. Einstein, S. Hawkin and other scientists had knowledge that helped them realize their professional potential. Smart is Cool Day helps you understand that an inquisitive mind and developed intelligence are the key to success in many endeavors.

The crane, the messenger of the gods, is considered the embodiment of immortality, sincerity, external and internal beauty, which man strives for. Thanks to a poem by Rasul Gamzatov, the bird became a symbol of soldiers who died during the battles of the Great Patriotic War.

When worried or in an emergency situation, many people have speech problems. However, there are those living next to us for whom pronunciation problems do not appear periodically or in emergency situations. We are talking about those who repeat sounds, syllables or words when pronouncing, and also often stop in conversation, breaking its rhythmic flow, that is, about stutterers. This speech defect occurs due to convulsions that affect the muscles of the speech apparatus. There are a lot of such people. Another sign of the disease is the rate of interrupted words or sentences in a person’s speech. If it exceeds the 10% threshold, this is a reason to visit a specialist doctor. Nervous tics or facial grimaces, blocks of silence, difficulties in everyday communication, personal life and professional activities, as well as others, haunt people who stutter, forcing them to isolate themselves from society. Until now, speech therapists and representatives of other medical professions have not decided on the reason why the completely natural difficulties in pronunciation that every child experiences when learning to speak and express their thoughts develop into logophobia (verbophobia). Most representatives of the medical community believe that the cause of the onset and development of the disease is a complex of problems affecting from genetic defects to the psycho-emotional component of a person’s life. Problems with word pronunciation most often occur in children aged 2 to 5 years. It is during this period of a person’s life that intensive development of speech occurs and, as a result, all sorts of problems with diction are most acutely manifested. Depending on the classification of stuttering, from 0.5 to 10% of people living on our planet suffer from this illness. However, the most serious speech difficulties occur in 2–5% of children and 1–2% of adults. The existing International Association of Stuttering People supports people with this disease and helps solve many problems in their lives. Following the release of the People who Stutter Bill of Rights and Responsibilities, which highlighted the challenges in the daily lives of people with logophobia, the organization not only achieved recognition of the problem, but also established International Day of People who Stutter, celebrated annually on October 22. Among the many projects carried out around the world by the International Association of People who Stutter, this day holds a special place. Not only are numerous diverse symposiums being held at which medical workers, along with representatives of social sciences, share methods of combating the disease, but also volunteer work is being intensified, carried out by both ordinary people and representatives of show business who were able to defeat or learned to control this disease. By sharing their experiences and research, all of these people contribute to greater socialization for people who stutter. At the same time, propaganda work is carried out not only among people suffering from logophobia, but also among those who do not experience difficulties in communication.

The relationship between the spiritual and physical world underlies the scientific work of philosophers, neurophysiologists, psychiatrists and scientists of other specialties. Some of them, Gustav Theodor Fechner in particular, came to the conclusion that matter in the Universe is the shadow side of the psyche. One of the branches of psychology deals with the study of the interaction between objectively measurable physical processes and the subjective sensations of the individual. October 22 is the Day of Psychophysics, a science that studies the body's responses to environmental influences. The holiday is also called Fechner Day, as it pays tribute to his work in finding the relationship between human mental reactions and material incentives. In the middle of the 19th century. The German scientist, together with his teacher from the University of Leipzig, Ernst Weber, laid the foundations of a new science - psychophysics. Fechner established that in the human body the strength of perception of any sensation is directly proportional to the intensity of the stimulus. Previously, this pattern was discovered by the French physicist Pierre Bouguer, whose experiments did not attract the attention of his contemporaries. 70 years later, his experiments were repeated by Gustave Fechner. To express the main law of the new science, he came up with a logarithmic formula, which contains, in addition to other variables, the value of the absolute threshold of sensation for external influence. To measure sensory sensitivity, the scientist developed three methods - minimal changes, average error and constant stimuli. Fechner's psychophysical law can be considered using the example of the impact on a person of sound and light - the main stimuli that are present in the environment. The scientist has proven that the higher the exposure to sound, the more sensitive a person reacts to it. In 1834, as a result of experiments using an aesthesiometer (Weber compasses), Fechner came to the conclusion that the sense organs have limited susceptibility. The scientist also discovered that a person reacts differently to an old and a new stimulus, depending on the intensity of the latter. In the 20th century Fechner's ideas were developed by the American psychologist Stanley Smith Stevens, founder of the Psychoacoustics Laboratory at Harvard University. Another scientist from the USA, Louis Leon Terston, using the method of paired comparisons, developed a metric scale of exposure intervals. The importance of Fechner's work for the development of experimental psychology is difficult to overestimate. In addition to external influences on the senses, psychophysics studies the relationship between experiences and neural processes. Fechner proved that all sensory phenomena are caused by physical stimuli and can be measured experimentally. The methods he developed are still used today. In honor of the discoveries of Weber, Fechner and other researchers, Psychophysics Day was established.

The first copier appeared in 1938 thanks to the invention of physicist and printer Chester Carlson. This patent office employee decided to simplify his routine work and came up with a duplicating machine. 9 years later, having adopted the invention and bought it from Carlson for $150 million. patent, Haloid (later Xerox) released the first copier. The technical device has significantly simplified the work of office employees, employees of photo studios, small printing houses and other institutions. On October 22, the birthday of the photocopy is celebrated in honor of the revolutionary invention in every sense. Canon developed the New Process technology in 1968 and immediately released its own copier, the NP-1100. Devices from the Japanese manufacturer were the first to conquer the market of the Far East, whose residents used the term “canon” to refer to the facsimile reproduction of documents. Xerox was distributed in Central Russia. Here the verb “xerify” is used for the copying process. In modern language, many words have appeared derived from the names of companies that were the first to introduce goods and services to the consumer market. "Pampers" is used to refer to all disposable baby diapers, not just Pampers, "Jeep" - SUVs of the Jeep brand and other manufacturers, "copier" - for all copiers. Therefore, the holiday, which is celebrated on October 22, was established not in honor of the American corporation, but as a sign of gratitude to the printer Charles Carlson for the invention of the “electrophotography” process. Despite the fact that Xerox owns the palm in the production of copiers, the Japanese company managed to bypass its long-time competitor. In 2001, in the market for high-quality digital duplicators, Canon's ImageRunner and other devices had a 22% market share, while the American corporation had only 17%. Another major manufacturer of copying equipment for office and home is the American Hewlett-Packard. In 1998, HP released a multifunctional device that combined a printer, scanner, fax and copier. The Photosmart and PSC (Printer - Scanner - Copier) models from HP are examples of high-quality equipment designed on the all-in-one principle. However, the Japanese Okidata is considered a pioneer in the production of MFPs for “desktop printing”. In the late 1980s, the company was the first to introduce devices with copier, printer and scanner functions. Today on the market there are duplicating equipment from Xerox, Canon, Epson, Brother and other brands. Modern models equipped with touch screens are designed for both printing and sending faxes, scanning and copying documents, drawings, photographs and other two-dimensional images. Without this office equipment, it is difficult to imagine conducting office work in the 21st century. with its frantic speeds and pace of life. Therefore, October 22 is celebrated as Photocopy's Birthday every year.

Carnival of Miracles Day

Caps Lock Day

On October 22, Rus' celebrated the day of Jacob the Woodcutter. The holiday closed the mushroom season. This day marked the beginning of work on collecting firewood for the winter, which is why the Russians called the apostle Jacob the Woodcutter. In fact, it was a church holiday that was dedicated to Jacob Alpheus, one of the twelve disciples of Jesus Christ. The three Gospels give very little information about Jacob. What is known for certain is that he was one of the twelve disciples of Jesus. Due to scant evidence, some believe that James was the brother of Judas the son of Jacob (Thaddeus). According to another, less popular version, he was related by blood to another apostle, Matthew. Even before Jacob became a disciple of Christ, he lived in Judea and worked as a tax collector. This information can be found in his life. The Apostle Andrew invited him with him to Edessa, an ancient city whose ruins are today located in southeastern Turkey. Here they preached, after which Jacob went to Palestine. He continued to preach in Eleutheropolis and Gaza. Further traces of the apostle are lost in history. It is almost impossible to trace his path, since the disciple of Christ had a common name, and ancient chronicles do not always indicate which Jacob he is talking about. He should not be confused with James the Younger (the first bishop of Jerusalem, one of the 70 apostles) and James the Elder (James of Zebedee). Confusion most often arises due to the fact that some authors also call Jacob Alfeev the Younger. It is not known for certain how he died. Pseudo-Simeon Logothetes writes in his writings that the apostle accepted martyrdom. He preached in Marmarik, where he was stoned to death by disgruntled residents. Other authors are inclined to another version, according to which Jacob was crucified on the cross on the way to Egypt, where the pagans also dealt with him. His relics are supposedly kept in the capital of Italy in the Church of Santi Apostoli, although some believe that they belong not to Alpheus, but to James the Younger, “the brother of the Lord.” Its head is located in the Venetian Cathedral of the Holy Apostle and Evangelist Mark. In Bari, in the Cathedral of St. Nicholas and in the Esphigmen Monastery on Mount Athos, pieces of his relics are also kept. The holiday of Jacob the Woodcutter marked the beginning of work on the preparation of firewood. Winters in Rus' were always harsh, so they had to be stocked up for future use. Before this, the peasants simply had no time to harvest timber, because they were busy harvesting the fields. The process was approached very responsibly. The quality of the firewood and its proper storage determined whether the family would survive the next winter. The holiday of Jacob the Woodcutter closed the mushroom season. There was very little time left before the first frost, so we had to forget about going into the forest. On this day, many peasants went to the forest for the last russula. Pots of potatoes and mushrooms were sometimes displayed on festive tables - a delicious autumn dish, but the real queen of the culinary ball was cereal. Quite often on the day of Jacob the Woodcutter, the weather deteriorated and small hail fell, which became the first harbinger of the approaching cold weather. Porridge is the most popular dish that decorated tables in many huts. During this period, the peasants were just beginning to grind wheat and peel barley, oats, and millet. The porridge was served with lard and butter. It was also used as a filling for fragrant pies, which were treated to home and guests.

Day of Financial and Economic Service of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation

Jewish Aliyah Day

Orthodox holidays on October 22:

Celebration of the Korsun Icon of the Mother of God

Memorial Day of Saint Andronik and his wife Athanasia

Memorial Day of the Apostle James Alfeev