The term Wi-Fi was coined by the consulting firm Interbrand Corporatio in 1999. The 4-letter abbreviation denotes a standard for the wireless transmission of digital data streams over radio channels. The creator of the protocol is Australian engineer John O'Sullivan. Wi-Fi technology allows one device to communicate with others using radio waves, building a local network. Despite the widespread use of wireless Internet, it is still not available to many people on the planet. World Wi-Fi Day, which is celebrated on June 20, is intended to draw attention to this problem. Canberra radio astronomer D. O'Sullivan developed the first wireless network protocol in 1991 while conducting an experiment to detect a black hole explosion. Wi-Fi data transfer speed at that time was 100 Mbit/s. The standard formed the basis for the development of wireless equipment, which was initially quite expensive. The first network device, called WaveLan, operated at a frequency of 2.4 GHz. The wireless connection speed did not exceed 2 Mbit/s. In 2004, this figure was 54 Mbit/s, in 2009 - 600 Mbit/s, and in 2016 it exceeded 7 Gbit/s. Gradually, wireless technology became available to people of various income levels. Today, residents of many countries around the world can afford Wi-Fi routers and pay for operator services. They have access to the Internet both at home and at work, in educational institutions and places of leisure. The initiator of World Wi-Fi Day is the Wireless Broadband Alliance (WBA). This international organization was founded in 2003. Its members include major operators, communication service providers and leading telecommunications companies. The WBA expressed concern that high-speed and regular internet are not available to most citizens in developing countries around the world. To draw attention to this problem, it was decided to establish World Wi-Fi Day. About 4 billion people on Earth do not have access to the Internet, even from mobile phones. This “digital divide” must be overcome to improve people’s computer literacy, broaden their horizons and increase social mobility. To this end, the WBA encourages case studies and awards experts who find ways to solve the problem of lack of access to wireless Internet among citizens of developing countries. In Russia, Wi-Fi, according to Government Decree, appeared in 2004. Three years later, an order was issued to allocate radio frequencies for short-range devices (routers). Since 2011, the requirement for mandatory registration of user equipment with Roskomnadzor has ceased to apply. In addition to connecting to the network at home, services are provided by various organizations on a commercial basis. At the end of 2021, 185.7 thousand public Internet access points using wireless technology were registered in Russia. In terms of the number of free access points, Moscow is one of the three world leaders, ahead of London, New York and Tokyo. However, in many cities and countries around the world, using a wireless network is quite problematic. The initiators of World Wi-Fi Day call on the governments of all countries, suppliers of modern technologies and equipment manufacturers to make broadband connections accessible to residents of every corner of the planet. Lectures and formulas, held on June 20, are aimed at recognizing the important role of Wi-Fi in the socio-economic development of states and people's lives.

On June 20, all humane humanity on the planet celebrates Elephant Protection Day in zoos. The main goal of the holiday is to inform the public about the hardships of life for elephants in captivity and to call for the release of the majestic and wise giants from forced captivity. People who care about the existence of elephants cite the main argument: poor elephants in zoos live on average 34 years less than their free-ranging counterparts in the wild. Elephant Day was proclaimed in 2009. Active members of the American volunteer company “In Defense of Animals” announced June 20 as the date of the fight against the illegal actions of zoo owners, cruel trainers and other people who darken and make elephant life unbearable. Activists outlined their main mission as the liberation of all elephants on the globe from captivity. American comedian Lily Tomlin called on people to unite in a single impulse to accomplish a good deed - to change the lives of elephants in zoos, who are subjected to torture every day. Rescue them from their tiny zoo enclosures and stop this “harmful practice of keeping” forever. Her initiative was supported, thanks to which many pavilions with elephants in city zoos were closed in the United States. Their inhabitants were placed in nature reserves. Elephants are the most “massive” representatives of the class of land mammals. They can reach a height of 2 to 4 meters, and weigh from 3 to 7 tons. They have intelligence and self-awareness, create large families and support each other in every possible way. They do not tolerate isolation and attention deficit well. Kilometers of roads pass every day, so captivity poses a danger for them due to the lack of proper space and the inability to make long journeys. They may develop obesity, infertility, arthritis, and heart problems. This will cause premature death. Elephants often wiggle because they are bored and also to stimulate the soles of their feet to improve blood flow. They often suffer from infectious diseases of the feet because they are forced to spend long periods of time on hard surfaces. Elephants can eat about 30 kilograms of hay and 10 kilograms of bread during the course of a day. To maintain water balance, they need about 300 liters of liquid. On June 20, promotions and events are held in zoos all over the world, designed to bring to more people information about how difficult life is for wise giants in captivity. Volunteers and everyone who is not indifferent to the fate of elephants participate in the social movement. By this date, it is customary to publish a sad ranking of the worst zoos for keeping elephants. They organize charity events to raise money to improve living conditions and provide “transfers” to transport elephants to reserves. On this day you can listen to educational lectures or watch thematic photo exhibitions in galleries and cultural centers. This motivates people to join forces to save elephants by joining foundations and NGOs. Television channels broadcast films and cartoons about elephants to educate people about these amazing animals and their pressing problems.

Scouts who are trained for illegal work must come up with a legend. In it, a person receives a new biography - name, date and place of birth, mythical relatives and friends. If the need arises, the illegal immigrant undergoes plastic surgery to change his appearance. People whom the state protects under the witness protection program are also acquiring new identities. They are assigned security, their documents are changed and they are moved to another place of residence. Some actors get used to the role so much that while filming a movie or playing in a play, they give way to a new personality within themselves. The skill of transformation leads to the fact that a creative person begins to have difficulty seeing the line where his identity ends and a character with his own habits, character and worldview begins. Mastery of the craft helps actors avoid split personalities and professional deformation. Today in the West the trend towards gender reassignment is gaining momentum. It involves a person choosing not only a new name in accordance with his gender identity, but also undergoing surgical interventions to change the anatomical features of the body. Ordinary people who are happy with their birth gender and appearance do not necessarily have to decide to make radical changes in order to become a new personality. A holiday of transformations has been established for them - a celebration of changes in character and inner world. New Identity Day is celebrated annually on June 20th. Each person belongs to a specific gender, race, ethnic group, culture and religious denomination, has a social status, language and profession. This set defines his identity, individuality and self-awareness. If a person is not satisfied with something, such as his race, he, like Michael Jackson, undergoes plastic surgery to change from black to white. Numerous surgical experiments with his appearance did not make the King of Pop happy. Just like surgeries to enlarge breasts and change facial features do not help most women feel self-sufficient and desirable. You can become a new personality to achieve external and internal harmony through spiritual improvement, changing habits and character traits. When people are dissatisfied with the religious tradition in which they were raised from childhood, they choose Buddhism and Islam, like Richard Gere and Muhammad Ali. Dissatisfaction with social status and standard of living forces you to go to study for a prestigious profession, start working hard, improving your skills every day. New Identity Day encourages people who have changed themselves in some way to share their experience of giving birth to a new identity. Perhaps their example will inspire thousands of people who want to transform themselves and discover something new and unknown in themselves. “Change yourself, and the world will change around you,” said Seraphim of Sarov. For those to whom the wisdom of the Orthodox saint is obvious, a holiday of spiritual transformation and internal transformation has been established - the Day of the New Personality.

Like any military holiday, Mine and Torpedo Service Specialists Day has its own historical starting point. This point was the first use of mine equipment by the Russian military. End of the 19th century. The Crimean War is going on. On June 20, 1885, British and French ships tried to capture our bases. As a result of enemy actions, the Gulf of Finland was captured. A difficult situation arose in which our troops had no choice but to use mine weapons. The result impressed the command; the enemies suffered losses in manpower and equipment. The interventionists stopped attacking. Our troops defended Kronstadt. This day became an official holiday in 1996, and is celebrated a year later. With the development of naval forces, the importance of mine and torpedo units increased. During all the wars, fighters have repeatedly proven their courage, professionalism and loyalty to the country. Currently, the unit is an important component of the Russian Navy. Russia lost the war with the Japanese, despite high-quality weapons and technical equipment of the fleet. The enemy spent several times more torpedoes to destroy Russian ships. Every third torpedo fired by our sailors found its target. The reasons for the defeat of the fleet were not in the weapons, but in the methods, techniques, and moments of use. During the Great Patriotic War, the service soldiers had a hard time. The Soviet fleet did not have new types of mines, and specialists were not trained in how to counter such weapons. Despite this, the Germans were unable to solve their problems, and during the battles, employees developed effective methods of fighting. Service specialists are highly qualified, experienced specialists. The duties of the employees include: • Training of soldiers and officers in handling mines and torpedoes; • Training in the proper storage and operation of weapons. These tasks are solved during exercises, which include torpedo firing, mine clearance, installation of minefields, and testing of new weapons. In addition to these tasks, specialists participate in mine clearance and disposal of ammunition that has remained at the bottom since the war. Currently, the mine and torpedo service monitors and installs minefields to protect naval bases, ports for various purposes, strategic facilities and coastal areas. Little is known about the torpedoes and mines in service. Such information is classified as secret; developments are not advertised. The torpedo weapons used are installed on submarines and torpedo boats. On this day I would like to congratulate all service specialists, veterans, and weapons developers on this wonderful holiday. We wish you success in your professional activities and combat training. May the sky always be peaceful and the sea calm!

Semik falls on the seventh Thursday after Easter Sunday (three days before Trinity). The first chronicle mentions of it date back to the 11th century. In some areas it merges with the Trinity. Sometimes it is called Rusalchin Great Day, Trinity of the Dead or Green Christmastide. V.I. Dal in his dictionary gives it the name Tulpa. It was believed that this week late spring was finally leaving, and summer was coming into its own. Semik, popular among the Eastern Slavs, is considered to be a folk Christian holiday, which means that the pagan rituals performed on it were closely intertwined with Orthodox rites. The Russian Church has an ambivalent attitude towards him, condemning those walking for “demonic games.” In Semik they commemorated the dead who died an unnatural death: suicides, drowned people, murdered people. This is due to the belief that their souls return to earth on Rusal Week (the seventh week after Easter) in search of peace. If during the times of paganism funeral feasts were held for them, then with the adoption of Christianity, memorial services began to be held for them. Semik refers to agricultural and maiden holidays. From this day on, it was customary to begin sowing barley. Women walked around the fields, celebrating the future harvest. After the meal, which necessarily included scrambled eggs, they began playing games with motifs of sowing and growing grain crops, and riding on a swing. Sometimes girls, led by an older godmother, performed a rite of worship, which allowed them to find a friend. They curled the birch tree (in the south - maple), decorated it with wreaths, pectoral crosses, and scarves. Be sure to tell fortunes on wreaths and sing chants for summer. Young men and girls, the so-called semishniks, walked around the courtyards with congratulations, treating themselves to boiled eggs and collecting food for a meal during Trinity. Sometimes some guy and the most lively girl, dressed up as Semik and Semichikha, joined the festive procession called the Vyun. Young people decorated the birch tree, or Trinity tree, took it for a visit, and then drowned it in the river. Afterwards, the guys took part in fist fights, the girls treated everyone to jelly, pancakes and scrambled eggs. Dwellings, courtyards and even streets were decorated with birch branches. On Semik it was forbidden to do housework, sewing or touch water: the latter could lead to drowning in the family. There was also a ban on bathing in rivers and visiting forests alone. There they could meet and lure mermaids riding on tree branches. According to Slavic beliefs, mermaids contain the souls of drowned girls. In the seventh week after Easter, they were placated with treats and asked to help in business.

UN Holidays - World Refugee Day

International holidays - World Productivity Day

Holidays of Azerbaijan - Day of Gas Workers

Indian Holidays - Ratha Yatra Chariot Festival

Argentina Holidays - Flag Day (Dia de la Bandera)

Fedot the Guardian according to the folk calendar is celebrated on June 20 (June 7 according to the old style). The holiday was named Fedot in honor of Saint Theodotus of Ancyra, revered by Orthodox believers on this day. Theodotus was from Ankyra (modern Ankara, Turkey), believed in the Lord and helped Christians who suffered at the hands of idolaters. When the pagans drowned seven Christian women, he took out their bodies and buried them with honor. Having learned about his act, the ruler ordered Theodotus to be punished: he was beaten and tortured, forcing him to renounce God. The saint stood firm, glorifying Christ, then his head was cut off. The people called Fedot the Guardian, because they believed that on this day he guarded the inhabitants of the reservoir from attacks by mermaids. On his day, peasants boldly went to swim in a river or lake, having first prayed to Saint Theodotus. It was believed that the saint was near a pond with a pointed sickle, and if the undine suddenly wanted to lure a guy or girl into the water, Fedot would immediately cut off her hair. The mermaid had all her power and witchcraft in her hair, and, having lost it, she became helpless. The grain harvest was determined on Fedot Day. The peasants always eagerly awaited rain, but rainfall on Fetod the Guardian meant an empty ear in the grain crops. A sunny day made the residents happy because it helped the ears to fill, which means they predicted a lot of grain when harvested. They prayed to Saint Theodotus for a generous harvest in the fields. By this day, the period was approaching when the sowing of cereal crops was ending, and it was still too early to mow hay. Then the men did the repairs around the house, and the women did the big laundry. They washed everything that had accumulated - from sheets to underwear. They were boiled in a vat over a fire, and lye was used to remove dirt. They rinsed the clothes in ponds, then dried them and ironed them with charcoal irons. If peals of thunder were heard at Fedot the Guardian, then they prepared for bad weather over the next days. Also, bad days awaited at the sight of smoke swirling across the ground. Sparrows swimming in a puddle promised the arrival of heat, and in the ground - rain. Reddish flashes of lightning on the horizon were observed in windy and hurricane weather.

Orthodox holidays June 20:

Memorial Day of the Hieromartyr Theodotus of Ancyra

Cathedral of Saints of the Ivanovo Metropolis