Children's Day is celebrated annually on June 1 in Europe, Asia and other parts of the world. This is a large-scale international holiday with a long history. Its main “mission” is to solve children’s problems, protect against psychological and physical violence, get rid of labor conscription, antisocial behavior of loved ones and abuse from adults. As well as helping sick children, orphans with living parents, the disadvantaged and the hungry. In 1925, the Chinese Consul General in San Francisco organized a colorful Dragon Boat Festival for children who were left without parents. The children were given memorable gifts. A year before the significant event, the Assembly of the League of Nations was held in Geneva, where the welfare of children was discussed. The Declaration of the Rights of the Child was published with 5 main “protective postulates” - food, shelter, freedom from exploitation, medical care, means for intellectual and physical development. This was a real breakthrough in the field of child protection. After all, for many years, exclusive rights belonged only to parents, who disposed of their children as a personal asset, property. They decided whether the child should study, where to get an education, who to become, when and who to marry. Children were subject to parental will, remaining timid and submissive executors of imposed attitudes. Until the 19th century, children who broke the law were sent to prisons where adults were kept and received exactly the same punishment. The death penalty was no exception. It was only at the turn of the century that separate courts for minors and “lighter” sentences with correctional practice began to appear. The state has taken upon itself the function of replacing parents in special cases. The holiday of June 1 was first celebrated in 1950. The initiators of the celebration were women who were concerned about the issue of disadvantaged children and orphans left homeless. The main message of the holiday was to protect children from the horrors of war and hunger. The Convention on the Rights of the Child was published in 1959, but in Russia it was ratified 31 years later. The main “children's document” prescribes full equality in the field of upbringing, education, social security and development, regardless of skin color, nationality, or origin of the child. Defense Day has its own flag; it depicts small multi-colored figures holding hands and “circling” the globe in a friendly round dance. This symbolizes diversity and tolerance towards each other, and our common home - the Earth. Traditionally, competitions, concerts, sporting events, master classes, exhibitions of children's drawings, film shows, etc. are held. Particular attention is paid to children from orphanages, children from large and disadvantaged families, as well as disabled children, refugees and migrants. Volunteers organize festive events and give gifts to young patients of rehabilitation centers. A common occurrence on June 1 are protests and rallies against abortion. The key task of Children's Day is to clearly demonstrate that every child has the right to a happy childhood. Adults must protect and protect the touching space called Childhood from the negative influence of gadgets, early sexual activity, violence, hunger, and disease. The motto of the holiday is “There are no other people’s children!”

It is in the family that children receive education and protection. Parents are its most responsible part; the atmosphere in which members of our society will grow up depends on them. It is important that personal development occurs in an atmosphere of love, mutual understanding, support and happiness. The holiday is designed to cultivate these family values. World Parents Day began in September 2012 at the 66th session of the UN General Assembly. Now it is celebrated annually on the first day of summer - June 1. The Assembly calls on all UN member states to celebrate it by actively involving young people. Various public events are taking place all over the world: - actions, - flash mobs, - educational lectures, - demonstrations, - conferences, - collections of funds, things, food for the poor. They are run by charitable foundations. The main goal of the holiday: to attract public attention to the protection of the rights of parents and humane treatment of mothers and their children. In Russia, officials prepare reports for the date, and organize competitions, sports competitions and quizzes for families in public places. The parks host free concerts, themed performances and amateur performances. Large families are awarded the Order of Parental Glory in the Kremlin. On this day, celebrities record video messages in which they ask their audience to be attentive to the problems of their mothers and fathers. Many concerned people post photos with their family on the Internet. Saying words of gratitude online, thereby reminding everyone around you about the holiday is a great idea. It is symbolic that throughout the world, International Children's Day has been celebrated on June 1 for many decades. Congratulations are received by parents and children around the world. The best thing would be to spend June 1st with your family. Everyone knows that parents are not chosen. Whatever situations occur in the family, it is important to be grateful to those who gave life and raised.

On the first day of summer, North Sea sailors celebrate their professional holiday. The history of the Northern Fleet dates back to 1933. The first combat formation - the Northern Naval Flotilla - was created immediately after I. Stalin's inspection trip. It was after the trip of the Supreme Commander-in-Chief that the decision was made to create a combat force of ships. The youth of the Northern Fleet did not affect the content of its history. The sailors wrote many glorious pages in the chronicle of the defense of our country. It is not for nothing that the fleet is considered the strongest element of the Russian Navy. From June 1, 1933, there was a gradual increase in combat power and personnel training. The sailors received their first baptism of fire during the Finnish War. The Northern Fleet completely fulfilled its task, depriving the enemy of the opportunity to receive assistance by sea. Before the start of the Great Patriotic War, the fleet turned eight years old. Despite their youth, the Severomorsk soldiers showed courage, courage and inflicted enormous damage on Nazi troops. During the entire war, about two hundred ships and auxiliary vessels, almost one and a half thousand aircraft, and four hundred transport ships were sunk. While providing protection for the allied convoys, the ships of the Northern Fleet made 76 escorts. Combat operations are not without losses. During the war, the fleet lost three destroyers, 23 submarines, 16 patrol ships, 13 minesweepers and several other ships. About 11 thousand sailors died the death of the brave. The Motherland appreciated the feat of the North Sea residents - in 1965 the fleet was awarded the Order of the Red Banner. The post-war period began the rapid development of the Northern Fleet. Nuclear submarines are put on combat duty, and ships are equipped with ballistic missiles. The geography of the fleet's operations is expanding, it is becoming an ocean fleet. The modernization and rearmament of ships is in full swing. Since 2010, the Northern Fleet has been part of the Western Military District, and in 2014, the North strategic command was created on its basis. The main base of the fleet is Severomorsk. The main tasks of the Northern Fleet at the present stage: • Maintaining the constant combat readiness of naval nuclear forces; • Protection of Russia's economic interests on the northern borders; • Ensuring safe navigation; • Carrying out foreign policy activities: visits, exercises, peacekeeping missions. A real holiday for the North Sea residents was the return to service of the country’s only heavy aircraft-carrying cruiser, Admiral of the Fleet of the Soviet Union Kuznetsov. The ship is capable of deploying deck-based variants of the MIG-29, Su-33, and a helicopter group. The cruiser is currently carrying out a command mission off the coast of Syria. North Sea sailors do not forget traditions and their heroes. Every monument or memorial place has fresh flowers at any time of the year. High combat and training performance allows the personnel to be worthy successors to the deeds of their heroic predecessors. Congratulations to career officers, sailors, and veterans of the Northern Fleet on their professional holiday!

Few people know that in addition to national and historical holidays, there are a lot of unusual dates dedicated to inventions, customs and even food products. On June 1st, the world celebrates World Milk Day. For the first time, its celebration took place in 2001 at the initiative of the UN agricultural organization. Since that time, the tradition has become popular in many countries around the world. The main goal of the event is to popularize dairy products among citizens, as well as to inform the public about activities related to their production. Everyone's favorite porridges, pancakes, cocktails and cottage cheese dishes - milk is the main component of many healthy and tasty recipes. The date of the celebration was not chosen by chance. It turns out that in some states that supported the UN initiative, there was already a tradition of celebrating milk day. In almost all countries, this event fell on June 1 or days close to this date. For this reason, it was customary to celebrate the holiday on the very first day of summer. Within a few years, the tradition was picked up by 40 different countries around the world, most of which celebrated the holiday in a very enchanting way. For example, in Argentina, a farmers' organization conducted the largest campaign to promote the consumption of dairy products. In Germany, a national celebration was organized with the support of 11 federal states. In Norway, the National Dairy Products Association organized an online competition for the best story about milk, the winner of which received a large sum of money. Our country also took part in the celebration of this unusual date. In 2008, the Tetra Pak trademark, together with the ALL company, organized a mass event in the Rostov region. The celebration, which was attended by 500 children and their parents, took place in the central park of Rostov. As part of the celebration, milk was distributed to everyone, as well as various milk-themed performances with fairy-tale characters, gaming competitions and sports competitions. Despite the international status of the date, individual states decided to celebrate it on a different day. For example, in Australia it falls in September, in Finland it is celebrated on June 3, in Malaysia on June 11. And the closest “relative” of milk—condensed milk—appeared thanks to the efforts of American resident Gale Borden, who spent several years creating technology for long-term storage of a dairy product. Researchers at a US university have found that women who drink 2 glasses of milk daily are able to achieve excellent results when playing sports. According to scientists, fans of the drink conduct more intense workouts, tightening their body faster and getting rid of fat. Holidays such as Milk Day are very important for modern society. They allow you to understand which foods are beneficial for the body and which should be excluded from the diet. And this holiday is another reason to start eating wisely and sticking to a healthy lifestyle.

The date of creation of Russian military transport aviation as a unit of the Red Army is considered to be June 1, 1931. On this day, the USSR completed the formation of the Experimental Airborne Detachment as part of a heavy bomber squadron, which included TB-1 aircraft and R-5 reconnaissance single-engine biplanes.

Fans often celebrate the birthdays of their favorite movie and cartoon characters. Throughout the year, on the Internet with the inscription “Happy birthday,” pictures depicting Winnie the Pooh and Cheburashka, Sherlock Holmes and Baron Munchausen, Alice from Wonderland and Harry Potter appear. The idol of millions of people is Superman - a fighter made of steel against evil, endowed with a mass of incredible abilities. The first comic book featuring the alien hero was published on June 1, 1938. Since then, fans have annually celebrated Superman's Birthday at the beginning of the first summer month. The creators of the brave hero in a blue and yellow suit and a red cape are writer Jerry Siegel and artist Joe Shuster. The owners of the Action Comics publishing house, which published comics about Superman, hardly imagined that in the near future the character would become the central figure of television programs, films, cartoons and video games. Superman, which absorbed the left-wing political views of its creators, had a great influence on popular culture in the United States and other countries of the world. This phenomenon is seriously studied by scientists and critics, considering it a carrier of the aesthetics of the American mentality. Superman, Ironman, Batman, X-Men, Spiderman, Fantastic Four and other American superheroes have left the pages of comic books and become part of the daily lives of people in many countries. These characters from movies, cartoons and advertising are most often the embodiment of strength, courage and nobility. Superman follows strict moral principles, he is distinguished by idealism and a sense of responsibility for his actions. That's why the number of his fans is so large. Children, as a sign of their love for Superman, wear carnival costumes and masks of the hero, and parents buy them toys, toothpastes and other products depicting their favorite character. It is not surprising that the first hero with superpowers to appear in US culture is so popular among readers and viewers. Clark Kent, as Superman's parents named him, always stands on the side of the weak and disadvantaged. He courageously fights against representatives of the world's evil and always emerges victorious from battles. Both adults and children want to be like Superman. Celebrating the birthday of a fictional character is a big event for his fans. On June 1, fans of the character, who arrived on Earth in a capsule from the distant planet Krypton, organize parties and masquerade parades, wearing blue and yellow costumes with the letter S on the chest. This is how fans of comic books about an alien celebrate Superman's birthday.

Coral reefs are fragile ecosystems containing polyps, algae, and small invertebrate marine animals. These underwater limestone rocks are home to various species of shellfish and fish. The largest reefs are located in the Red Sea off the coast of Egypt, Mexico, Malaysia, off the east coast of Australia, Hawaii, the Philippines and the Maldives. The exoskeletons of corals of bizarre shapes and colors are being destroyed due to climate change, ocean pollution and uncontrolled fishing. To protect these unique natural systems, World Reef Day was established, which is celebrated on June 1. Colonies of coral polyps live alongside Symbiodinium algae, which produce organic nutrients. This allows the reefs to actively grow by increasing the calcareous skeletons. The spongy structure of corals is destroyed by waves, especially during the monsoon season, and by animals (sea urchins, parrotfish, sponges) that feed on the polyps. Reefs are also dying en masse due to global warming. But the greatest harm comes from fishing, which disrupts the stability of the ecosystem. Lime deposits fade and collapse due to disruption of the natural balance. An insufficient number of fish feeding on symbiotic algae leads to overgrowing of reefs. Therefore, in many coastal areas where corals are found, fishing is strictly regulated. Temperatures rising from the usual 30°C to 34°C are detrimental to reefs. World Reef Day was celebrated for the first time in 2019. Although long before that, in 1998, scientists started talking about the “coral catastrophe” - the death of polyps due to temperature anomalies in the waters of the world’s oceans: the strong El Niño current and the phenomenon of the Indian Ocean Dipole (temperature fluctuations) on the surface of the ocean). World Reef Day aims to draw attention to the destruction of ecosystems consisting of polyps, algae and marine life. Countries with reefs along their coastlines are implementing various measures to conserve corals. Thus, in the lagoon of one of the resorts on the Bora Bora islands, scientists successfully use the cement-like material Biorock and the electrolysis method. This increases the natural resilience of the corals, stimulating their growth and repopulation. Tourists visiting the Fiji Islands are told about the importance of reefs to the ocean ecosystem and the high risk of their destruction. Vacationers are encouraged to plant a “home” coral and mark it to monitor the growth of the exoskeleton on their next visit to the resort. The celebration of World Reef Day is supported by all people who are not indifferent to the problem of the disappearance of polyp colonies. The colorful underwater world with its caves and sea abodes is a real paradise for divers. That's why ocean diving enthusiasts and conservationists join in celebrating World Reef Day every year on May 31st.

The first day of June is a holiday of Russian government communications, the day of its creation. The need for special high-frequency communications (HF communications) arose in the late 20s of the last century. What was needed was a connection that was protected from eavesdropping, through which important government messages could be transmitted. At the end of 1930, the first test conversations took place with the city of Kharkov using new telephone sets equipped with a special design that masks speech. June 1 of the following year, 1931, marked the birth of secure international communications. Scientific research did not stop there. What was required was not just communication with interference, but encrypted transmission of information. Soviet scientists made every effort to create a unique type of communication. These developments subsequently played an invaluable role for the victory of our people during the Great Patriotic War. The signalmen transmitted important messages about the location of enemy troops and the coordinates of the location of Soviet units in need of reinforcements. In the 50s of the 20th century, a dedicated encryption PBX of the Kremlin was created. In the 60s, space developments, in particular satellites, were used to improve the quality and confidentiality of communications. In the second half of the 20th century, rich in disasters, international wars, counter-terrorism operations, the use of special communications helped save many lives and determine the positive outcome of military operations for Russia. June 1990 was marked by the emergence of a communication channel for the President of the USSR. A Presidential Decree was issued, laying the legal foundations for the existence of government communications and the creation of a new government body responsible for communications, the Federal Agency for Communications and Information under the President. This body existed for 13 years. In 2003, the Federal Security Service of Russia, the Federal Security Service (FSO) of Russia, the Foreign Intelligence Service (SVR) of Russia, and the Special Communications and Information Service under the FSO of Russia were appointed responsible for government communications. Government communications in Russia play an important role in the protection and well-being of the people of Russia, therefore June 1 is a holiday not only for special communications workers, but also for residents of our entire country.

Funny Holidays - Say Something Nice Day

The basis for the prosperity of the Earth and the diversity of our world is, of course, the planet’s water reserves. Water is in each of us, it is a great miracle, a generous gift to humanity from caring nature. Unfortunately, today's environmental situation and constantly evolving human activities have changed the chemical composition of water beyond recognition. We are talking about global pollution of water bodies with industrial and household waste. Given this picture, the planet is simply not able to cope with the problem without the active daily help of humans. To change the situation for the better, a special holiday was created - International Water Cleanup Day. In Russia, a large-scale subbotnik falls on the first weekend of June. Interestingly, the initiators of the holiday were American divers. The Professional Association of Diving Instructors (PADI) has become a pioneer in the fight for clean waters and has strongly supported and promoted the holiday since 1995. The CIS countries have joined the tradition of holding a clean-up day for water bodies since 2003. The date of the event in Russia (the first Saturday of June) is determined by the climatic characteristics of individual territories of the country. Abroad, large-scale environmental cleanup events take place in early autumn. For Russia, this period may not be very favorable in terms of weather, so the holiday was moved to the beginning of summer. In many countries around the world, the event was treated very responsibly and with great enthusiasm. Statistical data and reporting of the events carried out show record volumes of collected waste. So in 2014, six thousand volunteers from New York collected about 50 tons of garbage and cleaned up a large area of ​​the state’s coastline. Of course, this is not about competition. Every country, every participating volunteer understands how important clean water bodies are for human life and the prosperity of the planet. The main organizational aspects are taken care of by divers. They are the most qualified and active participants in all planned events. Specialized clubs in many regions carry out annual trips to local rivers and lakes. Their task is to rid the bottom and banks of reservoirs of accumulated debris. Environmental organizations and local administrations join the cleanup day, helping financially and also organizing timely garbage removal. All participants in the cleanup are volunteers who care about the future of the planet and the future of their own children. Among the helpers in removing recyclable materials from shores and recreation areas you can find students, schoolchildren, volunteers, representatives of non-profit organizations and even high-ranking officials and businessmen. Every conscious person comes to the cleanup to contribute to saving the planet’s water wealth. In order to attract maximum attention to the problem and swell the ranks of activists, every year on the day of cleaning water bodies, demonstration performances by divers and various competitions between teams are held. Such events help to unite the spirit of participants in fruitful work for the common good, kindle sports passion, and encourage them to do more for their home - the Earth. This approach is simply necessary, since scientists are shocked by disappointing statistics. In their opinion, by 2050 there will be significantly more recyclable materials in the seas than marine life. The frightening picture requires everyone's attention to large-scale environmental actions. Famous diving club instructors strive to give everyone a clean and favorable underwater world. They take every possible care of the quality of water bodies, eliminate pollution due to human activity, and also restrain the natural deterioration of the quality of lakes and rivers that occurs over time. After all, without human attention, in a few decades any body of water will take on a dull appearance, lose the attractiveness of its banks, and the water surface will simply become overgrown with sedge and reeds. You shouldn’t stand aside and forget about pressing environmental problems. Even a small deed at a cleanup day in the name of saving the cleanliness of a reservoir can change the situation for the better. Let our lakes and rivers sparkle with purity and safety!

The personality of Saint Nino is associated with the arrival of Christianity in Georgia. The Holy Orthodox Church honors the memory of great deeds twice a year. Ninoba or the coming of Nino to Georgia is June 1, and January 27 is the day of Saint Nino’s death. The future Saint was born into a family of righteous and decent parents. Her father was a Roman governor, and her mother was a true believer from the noble family of the Jerusalem Patriarch Juvenal. The girl Nino was the only child in the family. She spent her first years of life in Cappadocia (Türkiye) in the city of Kolastri. At the age of twelve, Nino goes to Jerusalem to be raised by Elder Nianfora, so that in the future he can devote himself entirely to serving the Lord. With her first acquaintance with the Divine Scriptures, the girl was imbued with every word; love for the Son of God, Jesus, who endured great suffering for the salvation of the human race, awoke in her heart, and gave his own life for the good of humanity. The Gospel stories about the events surrounding the crucifixion, betrayal and the terrible day of execution itself brought the girl a lot of mental suffering. The mention of the tunic of the Savior (the robe of Christ, which was woven by the Most Holy Theotokos) caused Nino a frantic desire to find the shrine and bow before it in prayer. Elder Nianfora told young Nino the legend that the Lord’s tunic is in Georgia (Iveria). This revelation prompted the girl to fervently pray to the Mother of God, so that she would help her get to a distant land and see with her own eyes the great shrine of all Christians. And the news from the Most Holy Theotokos was not long in coming. In a dream, Saint Nino saw the Mother of God presenting her with a cross woven from grape vines and blessing her at a sermon in distant Iberia. When Nino woke up, she actually saw a grape cross in her hands. It was a sign and a blessing for the long journey. After long trials in 319, Nino reached the cherished land. The local people won her heart, she easily learned the language and explored local traditions. In those days, Georgians brought gifts and prayed to idols. During such rituals, Nino said Orthodox prayers, a terrible storm arose and swept away the statues from their pedestals. Also, the girl’s prayers were able to help the gardener’s wife (with whom Nino lived in Mtskheta) to recover from infertility. The woman's name was Anastasia, and she is considered the first believer in Christ in Georgia. Thanks to Nino’s righteous deeds and passionate prayers, many miracles and healings occurred in Georgia, after which King Marian himself and his entire family underwent Holy Baptism. Then, in the waters of the Aragvi River, many ordinary residents were baptized, and in 324 in Georgia, Christianity was recognized as the religion of the state. Thanks to the inexhaustible faith of Saint Nino, her sermons and educational activities, Christianity strengthened throughout the country and became an integral part of the life of every believer. Nino died in 335; according to her will, her body was buried in Beaver, the last city of her earthly stay. Later, a church was erected over the grave, which today stands on the territory of an active convent. Not far from the monastery, in a mountain gorge, there is the famous St. Nino spring with miraculous water that can overcome any ailment. In the name of Nino’s parents, Saints Susanna and Zebulon, a small bathhouse and chapel were erected on the site of the source. There are always a lot of pilgrims here who are looking for health and peace of mind in the sacred waters. The great holiday of Ninoba is celebrated very solemnly throughout Georgia. Services are held in the capital and in all regions, even in the smallest and most remote villages. In Georgia, the Saint is loved and revered; five picturesque churches were built in Tbilisi alone. In the Cathedral of the Assumption of the Virgin Mary there is a great relic - the same cross made of grapevine, which became a blessing for Nino’s journey from Jerusalem to Georgia. Parishioners treat the shrine with special reverence and venerate the cross on the day of veneration. Baptist Nino is considered the patroness of all Georgia and the Georgian people; her name is the most popular and in demand in the country. She is considered the protector of all girls named Nino, and also patronizes everyone whose profession is related to educational activities. In Georgia, there was even an award in the form of the white cross of St. Nino, Equal to the Apostles, to reward individuals who contributed to the restoration of the Orthodox faith in the Caucasus. Georgians pray to their intercessor, asking for health, healing of loved ones, prosperity and a bright future.

According to the folk calendar, Ivan the Long is celebrated on June 1 (May 19, old style). Ivan named the holiday from a church date; on this day, Christians honor the memory of two saints - John of Goth and John of Uglich. John of Goth was born in the 8th century into a family of true Christians. From his youth he chose the path of a monk, prayed a lot, and traveled to holy places. Years later, he took the post of Bishop of Goth. John of Uglich was born in the 15th century into a family of princes. As a youth, he was locked in prison by order of his uncle, where he spent more than 30 years in prayer. Before his death, John became a monk under the name Ignatius. The people called Ivan Long, since the day became long enough, the peasants worked from dawn until deep darkness. Another day was called the Niva Amulet. Niva was the name given to a field sown with grain. In the morning, the peasants went out to their fields, bowed low to them and asked them to give them an excellent harvest. Over the cornfield, conspiracies were read against the evil eye, bad weather and pests. On Ivan the Long, residents turned to the wind. They prayed to him to send rains to water the planted crops, they asked him not to dry out the young ears, not to drive rot and disease onto them. In order to protect the crop from fires, hail and destructive downpours, peasants made a wheel from willow or birch branches. They rolled him around the fields and read a special plot. From that day on, we went to the forest to pick mushrooms and the first berries; in the southern regions, rye was already producing ears. Residents tried to plant all their garden crops by this date, since it was getting warmer and the night frosts had stopped. Rains were important, because the future harvest depended on them. On Midsummer's Day we carefully monitored precipitation. According to signs, rain on this day foreshadowed a month of drought, but it also promised a rich harvest at harvest. Fog was observed to increase the abundance of mushrooms in the forests. If residents saw the closing of the calendula or the floral smell intensifying in the air, they prepared for rain. Crows looking in one direction warned of impending windy weather.

Orthodox holidays June 1:

The memory of the holy defender of the Russian land, Prince Dmitry Donskoy, is honored by the Russian Orthodox Church on the first day of summer. Canonization took place in 1988, 600 years after the death of Dmitry. Only a glance through the centuries allowed descendants to appreciate the deeds of Donskoy. The prince became famous as the winner of the Battle of Kulikovo, which became a turning point and revived the faith of the Russian people in their own strength to resist the Mongol yoke. The victory was of great importance for Christianity in Rus' and for the Holy Orthodox Church. A common faith united the Russian people into a single nation capable of creating a powerful centralized state. Dmitry was born into the family of the ruler of the Moscow principality in October 1350. During his childhood, the boy’s personality was greatly influenced by Saint Alexy of Moscow and Saint Sergei of Radonezh. Faith in the Lord became Dmitry's constant companion in all the most important deeds of life. Before campaigns and decisive battles, the prince offered fervent prayers to heavenly patrons, asking for blessings and intercession. Having lost his parent early, at the age of 12, Donskoy becomes the Grand Duke of Moscow, taking on state concerns on his young shoulders. Thanks to his rule, the principality not only strengthened and grew, but also acquired the significance of the center of the Russian lands. Together with the united troops, Dmitry Ivanovich opposed the Horde of Khan Mamai. The Donskoy army was inspired to victory by the Holy Father Sergius of Radonezh himself. The schema-monk of the Sergius Monastery, Alexander Peresvet, fought with the Tatar hero Chelubey before the start of the Kulikovo Massacre, showing an example of courage and readiness to give his life for a just cause. Many soldiers died fighting under the leadership of Dmitry Donskoy; in their memory, the prince erected the Church of the Nativity of the Blessed Virgin Mary and established the annual tradition of commemorating the fallen on the day of Dmitrievskaya parental Saturday. Another church holiday established by Dmitry Ivanovich was the day of the Discovery of the relics of the patron saint, Prince Alexander Nevsky. According to the surviving legend, before Donskoy’s campaign against the Horde, before the burial of Prince Alexander, a candle flame was miraculously lit, after which two holy elders appeared, who, having reached the tomb of Nevsky, called on the deceased to help in the battle. Saint Alexander rose up as if alive, fully armed, and left with the elders. The help of the holy army and the courage of Prince Dmitry performed a miracle, the Horde troops were defeated, and although the Mongol yoke weighed on Russia for about another hundred years, after the Battle of Kulikovo the light of freedom shone over the Russian lands brighter and brighter.

Memorial Day of St. Cornelius of Komel