The coal industry is one of the most in-demand and hardest types of labor in our world. Now the world is increasingly switching to alternative fuel sources, but there are still industries where it is still impossible to do without coal. So, the amount of coal mined determines whether our apartments will be warm in winter. After all, coal remains one of the main sources of fuel in the countries of the former USSR. It is needed for various heat exchange processes, as one of the most inexpensive types of fuel. On the last Sunday of August, Ukraine, Russia, Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan and other countries of the former USSR celebrate Miner's Day. This holiday is especially valuable for residents of Donetsk, Lugansk, Transbaikalia, Kaluga region and other areas where the main income and main activity of the population is work in the mines. Mining work is truly very dangerous and hard work. How many collapses and accidents in mines do we know? People work in inhumane conditions and do everything to make our homes warm, comfortable and cozy. There are no and never will be words to fully express our gratitude to these outcast people. The holiday was first celebrated in 1948. The foundation for the celebration of this day was Stakhanov’s achievement. On a night at the end of August, in 1935, this man mined coal, which was 14 times the norm. Instead of the required 7 tons, he produced more than 100. With this achievement, he gave birth to the beginning of the Stakhanov movement. Young miners around the world began to strive to exceed the daily and weekly quota for coal production. Since then, every year on the last Sunday of August, miners celebrate their professional holiday. Large concerns organize entertainment events for their employees on this day - they organize concerts and invite famous performers. On this day, the whole world says thanks to the people whose dangerous work brings comfort and coziness to our homes. Mining has a rich history. There are also heroes here - people who came up with more effective methods of extraction or exceeded the required norm many times over. So, the last Sunday of August is a special day for all miners in Russia and neighboring countries.

Day of Viticulture and Winemaking in the Republic of Crimea

This is a holiday for everyone who is involved in the wonderful world of cinema. This day is celebrated on a large scale by directors, producers, actors, sound engineers, stuntmen, sound engineers, assistants, screenwriters and other representatives of cinema. And also - teachers of specialized universities, students, students of acting workshops, creators of special film equipment, cinema workers and true connoisseurs of the film industry. The first official celebration took place in 1980, but this landmark event in the art world was preceded by an epochal chronicle in the global context. Thomas Edison created a unique Kinetograph apparatus, which was a symbiosis of various equipment with a jump (intermittent) mechanism. The film speed was 40 mini-frames per second. The principle of operation has been preserved to this day - only the speed has almost doubled. The pioneers of the industry were the French - the legendary Lumiere brothers. They patented their invention under a name that was outlandish for that time - cinematography. Their first films, dated 1895, were dedicated to the end of the working day at the factory and the arrival of the train. This became a real sensation for the admiring public invited to the premiere. In Russia, the first film show took place just a year later. And then it started spinning. In 1908, the first domestically produced film, “Ponizovaya Volnitsa,” was released, lasting only 6 minutes 14 seconds. The leading actors were St. Petersburg residents, and the number of extras was about 150 people. After 2 years, the film adaptation of classic works began - “The Queen of Spades”, “The Nest of Nobles” and “Criminal Passion”. The first military-themed film with colorful battle scenes was released in 1911 under the title “Defense of Sevastopol.” 20 years later, the first sound films appeared with the light hand of Eck, who directed “A Start to Life.” Cinema began to be used as a powerful means of ideological “mythology” and propaganda. Cinema became nationalized. The following films were released: “Chapaev”, “The Great Citizen”, “Lenin in October”, “Jolly Fellows”, “Volga-Volga”, etc. The first movie stars appeared. Director Alexandrov and his wife, actress Lyubov Orlova, gained enormous popularity. At the end of the 40s, the era of war cinema began - “The Battle of Stalingrad”, “Admiral Nakhimov”, “She Defends the Motherland”, etc. In the 50s, the film industry began to gain momentum and new director-actor alliances began to emerge. The most notable films of that time were “The Ballad of a Soldier”, “Clear Sky”, “The Cranes Are Flying” (received a high rating from the competent jury - the “Golden Palm” at the Cannes Film Festival). Russian auteur cinema was subject to strict censorship and “went into the shadows.” However, in the 60s, the green light was given to the arthouse cinema of Tarkovsky and Panfilov. The comedy films of Leonid Gaidai, Ryazanov and Danelia became a real breakthrough. In the 70-80s one could see the films of Tarkovsky and Herman. Films by Shukshin, Mikhalkov, Averbakh, Balayan and Todorovsky were widely released. Cinema attendance was at record levels. Soviet and Russian feature films and documentaries won the Oscar 6 times (“War and Peace”, “DersuUzala”, “Moscow Doesn’t Believe in Tears”, “Burnt by the Sun”, “The Defeat of German Troops near Moscow”, “The Old Man and the Sea” ), and 4 – “Golden Lion” (“Ivan’s Childhood”, “Urga – Territory of Love”, “Return” and “Faust”). On this day, film forums, film screenings, premieres, all-Russian “Cinema Night” events, and master classes are held. Students of theater universities present their original cinematic works. Television and radio broadcast programs dedicated to the history of cinema, biographies of famous figures, as well as iconic domestic films. Film workers are presented with certificates, valuable gifts and souvenirs, diplomas, and awards for their contribution to the development of the industry. On this day, thematic festivals and gala concerts are held.

First Kiss Day, celebrated annually on August 27, is one of the fun, unofficial holidays. It is celebrated in Russia and many countries around the world. Its history is shrouded in darkness. Although anyone can attribute the origin of this holiday to their ancestors, famous film or theater actors, outstanding athletes, and other celebrities. This is a national holiday designed for communication between people of different age categories. It applies to all people, from children, adolescents, schoolchildren, young people, middle-aged, older and elderly people. After all, each of them had their first kiss at one time or another. Although many people do not remember that reverent moment, they agree with the opinions of others and take part in the celebration with pleasure. The holiday is celebrated with family, with relatives, girlfriends, childhood and youth friends, work colleagues, former classmates or fellow students, and former passions. It is accompanied by a delicious feast, a mischievous mood, songs, dances, games, pleasant memories, and intimate meetings. A cheerful company can organize a competition for the most successful kisser, a long kiss, etc. Thanks to the warm August weather, the holiday can be celebrated in the forest, near a river, lake, pond, anywhere in nature, in a country house or in a village. Intimate meetings that do not require prying eyes are best arranged in a separate booth in a restaurant or in a rented apartment. People who meet will always find a topic for communication and duplication of their first kiss. Most often, the first kiss is associated with adolescence, when the girl has not yet grown up, but already has special feelings for people of the opposite sex. Her subject of inspiration could be a guy older in years, or a peer. Teenage girls do not want to make friends with younger boys, considering them children. Although the modern level of development and acceleration lead to the fact that boys after 12-14 years of age may be precocious. Teenage relationships are the brightest, most pleasant, most desirable. There is no falsehood, profit, or lies in them. Sometimes they become radiant for life. A girl often seeks the same love that she experienced in her youth. A guy in the army lives with the name of his beloved throughout his military service. But youthful love does not always develop into strong family relationships. In middle age, relationships are built differently than in youth. Kisses have a different character and can appear as an expression of emotions: gratitude, respect, friendship, apology, praise. Women perceive a friendly kiss without trepidation or hope. Also during these years, the fair sex agrees to kisses along with intimate relationships, due to their natural predisposition. Such relationships can become a reason for divorce, the creation of a new family, or pass unnoticed. Sometimes the first kiss occurs among people who have a wealth of life experience behind them. Their life developed in such a way that the relationship with their ex-wife lost its meaning. After a divorce, each person seeks his own destiny. At the same time, relationships can be very reverent and tender, far from those they had at a young age. Quite a long time passes from friendship to the first kiss. It is more difficult for people in their early youth to establish relationships than when they were young. August 27 is their holiday, which offers not only the first kiss, but also a new life together.

August 27 marks International Boxing Day, one of the most popular sports that has fans in all corners of the world. Its history goes back several thousand years. It was twice included in the list of disciplines of the Olympic Games - first in ancient times and then in modern ones. Boxing has gone through a complex metamorphosis and turned from fist fighting into a contact sport with a strict set of rules, which is becoming increasingly popular among young people. In fact, there is no exact date that can be called the official birthday of boxing. Even ancient people were fond of fist fights, as evidenced by frescoes that have survived to this day. Such competitions were held among the Egyptians, Sumerians and Minoans. One of the most famous pieces of evidence was a fresco entitled “Boxing Boys,” which was found during excavations in 1967 on the island of Santorini. According to rough estimates, it was created in 1550-1500 BC. The fresco dates back to the Minoan civilization. Once upon a time, it decorated one of the rich houses, but was subsequently buried under a layer of volcanic ash for many centuries. The fresco depicts two almost completely naked young men fighting with their fists. The boys have special equipment on their hands, which is very similar to modern boxing gloves. Boxing received the status of an official sport only in 688 BC, when it was included in the list of disciplines of the Olympic Games. In Rus', fist fights were also actively practiced, among which the most popular was the “wall to wall” battle. Contrary to misconceptions, this fight was little reminiscent of a pile of mala, in which each participant waves his fists at the first opponent who came to hand - such fights were called “clutch-dump” and had nothing to do with “wall to wall.” Each team had its own leader who developed the battle strategy. The main task is to force the enemy out of the field or put him to flight. The teams also had special players who were supposed to break the enemy’s tight formation. "Wall to wall" was usually held on Maslenitsa mostly for fun, although the winners could be awarded symbolic prizes. The competitions of ancient people bore little resemblance to modern boxing matches. Only at the end of the 17th century did the first boxing championships begin to be held in Great Britain, inspired by the Englishman James Figg. Coming from a poor family, he chose fistfights as his main source of income. During one of his public appearances, Figg’s abilities were highly appreciated by an English nobleman, who helped the talented athlete open the first paid school for those wishing to learn fist fighting techniques. However, Figg was not limited to boxing alone. He had excellent command of a cleaver, a broadsword, a small sword and a club. In a fairly short time, Figg became known throughout the UK. He was considered the country's boxing champion. Figg held tournaments that attracted hundreds of spectators. There are still records of the most spectacular fights - combined fights in which opponents fought not only with fists, but also used various types of piercing and cutting weapons. The number of boxing fans grew from year to year, and this sport required a strict set of rules. In 1867, it was developed by another Briton named John Chambers, with the support of a local philanthropist. A journalist by profession, he compiled a list of rules that regulated the size of the ring for the fight, the duration of the rounds and even the weight of the gloves. This code remains relevant to this day, although gradually more and more amendments were added to it. Almost forty years later, boxing was finally included in the list of disciplines of the modern Olympic Games. Today it is classified into amateur and professional. Each type of boxing has its own weight categories and scoring methods, which are fundamentally different.

August 27 is International Lottery Day. Every day hundreds of thousands of people around the world experience luck in receiving a gift from fate in the form of money, housing or a residence permit. International Lottery Day is celebrated in August, and the Lottery's Birthday is celebrated in winter. In 1466, on February 24, the world's first prize draw was held in Bruges by the widow of the artist Jan Van Eyck. Since then, playing the lottery has become a popular entertainment not only for residents of Norway, but also for other countries around the world. This is interesting: History knows victors who were literally kissed by fate. In 2014, Christopher Kaelin from Chicago won $25 thousand in the lottery. After celebrating the occasion with his fiancée at a restaurant, he bought another ticket with a protective coating at a gas station. Kelin erased it and found out that this time he won $1 thousand. A few days later, on his way to work, the lucky man from Chicago bought a third ticket at a store. It also turned out to be a winner: the amount of $250 thousand was printed under the protective coating. The lottery, or rather the taxes that winners pay from it, is used for good causes. The governments of the USA, Australia and Great Britain spend income from gambling on the construction of bridges, roads, museums and theaters. The winning combinations of numbers that are used to fill out lottery tickets come to some participants in their dreams, as happened to Canadian Mary Woollens in 2006. Other people simply listen to their own intuition, while others develop an entire system for winning. Thus, the American R. Lustig, thanks to her, won the lottery 7 times from 1993 to 2010. The size of the largest “jackpot” received in 2002 was more than $842 thousand. R. Lustig, based on his observations, even wrote the book “Find out how to increase your chances of winning the lottery.” This is interesting: The luckiest woman in the world is considered to be Joan Ginther, who has a PhD in statistics from the famous Stanford University. Over the course of 15 years, starting in 1998, she won a total of $20.4 million from the lottery. It is interesting that the American bought all the tickets in a store in the city of her childhood - Bishop, located in the state of Texas, where she specially came from Las Vegas. On International Lottery Day, hundreds of thousands of gamblers are actively trying their luck more than ever - professional players and those who believe in the smile of fate and a lucky chance. Therefore, on August 27, it is recommended to buy a ticket at a newsstand, at the post office, or go to the website stoloto.ru to check how favorable fortune is to you.

Children's counting rhymes and tongue twisters are used even by adults for entertainment, drawing lots and for other purposes. How do you decide who pays the bill at the cafe, takes out the trash, or gets the last slice of pizza? August 27 is World Rock, Paper, Scissors Day. Using combinations of fingers, participants determine who won the comic competition or simply while away the time. For example, scissors are broken by a heavier stone, which dulls them, but they cut a thin sheet of paper perfectly. According to one legend, the game that the emperors and military leaders of the Ming dynasty entertained was invented in the Middle Kingdom, where it was called shoushilin (“hand command”), according to another - in France, where it was called chi-fu-mi. The game known as sansukumi-ken (or mushi-ken, which means “fox fist”) came to Japan from China. In sansukumi-ken, participants used 3 gestures. In the ancient version they meant a frog, a slug and a snake. The modern Japanese game uses stone, paper and scissors, traditional throughout the world. This is interesting: People compete with computers in more than just chess. In the Land of the Rising Sun, in 2012, the Janken robot was created, defeating a person in 100% of cases in the game “Rock, paper, scissors.” Unlike psychologists’ observations of players, the machine’s winning was ensured by predicting the movement of a person’s hands based on processing data from a high-speed camera . Americans believe that the popularity of Rock Paper Scissors was brought about by the TV series “The Big Bang Theory”. His heroes brought 2 new elements to the cult game: a lizard and Spock, an alien from the planet Vulcan, whose mother was from Earth. In the Russian version, in addition to 3 traditional elements, there is also a well. A stone sinks into it, but a thin sheet of paper covers the neck. This means that the player who used it wins. Italian sailors played zot in ports, as evidenced by eyewitnesses - correspondents of The Times newspaper in 1924. Then in the Mediterranean countries the game, an analogue of the current "Rock, Paper, Scissors", was called murra. This is interesting: Rock Paper Scissors winners are the authors of beginner's guides and receive hefty prize money in the form of rewards. One of them, US sports commentator Jason Simmons, even received the nickname Master Roshambollah (from roshambo, the American name for a popular game). Having fun with your fingers helps you pass the time or take revenge in an argument. Professional players develop strategic plans to win. There are a lot of international competitions and national leagues to participate in Rock, Paper, Scissors. Their participants use various cunning combinations, gambits as in checkers and chess, and develop special game tactics. Despite its apparent simplicity, “Rock, Paper, Scissors” captivates not only gambling enthusiasts, but also professionals. Therefore, both of them with joy and faith in victory celebrate August 27th as the day of the “Rock, Paper, Scissors” game.

August 27th is Meme Day. This unit of information in the form of a witty phrase or image is used to convey emotions or a personal attitude towards something in the Internet space. Memes come into everyday use thanks to social networks, instant messengers, forums and blogs. It is their users who, first of all, celebrate a funny holiday - #august27 Meme Day. The semantic content of any Internet meme depends on the language and mentality of the inhabitants of a particular country or nation. Thus, on the Russian-language Internet the most popular memes are “Stoned Fox”, “Phototoad”, “Zhdun”, “IMHO” and others. Some of them are tracings from English. For example, the “IMHO” meme is an analogue of IMHO (the phrase In my humble opinion, i.e. “In my humble opinion”) It is used to emphasize that the author’s point of view is subjective. Russian “patstalom” or “under the table” is an analogue of the English ROFL (Rolling on the floor laughing). Internet users use LOL in writing to express laughter - an acronym derived from aughing out loud, which is translated from English. as in "loudly, laughing out loud." For surprise and fright, OMG (Oh My God! - Oh, my God!) is used. Both abbreviations have become so common that they were officially recognized by UK linguists and included in the Oxford Dictionary in 2011. The sources of new memes are social networks and TikTok. Such expressions as “I’m in the moment”, “Foreign agent”, “Medvedev’s dance”, “Are you selling fish?” have left their mark on the history of the Runet. and others. Most of them are accompanied by drawings (photos or collages) that illustrate them. On the English-language Internet in 2001, the image of a surprised owl with the caption O RLY? (errative, a deliberate distortion of the expression Oh, realy?), which quickly became a meme. The supplier of ideas for phrases or comments under the image are major world events - the Euro Championship, the landing of a rover on the Red Planet, Eurovision, a pandemic, etc. Users of the Odnoklassniki platform now have access not only to ready-made memes, but also the opportunity to create them themselves using a chatbot. Those who find it difficult to use a photo editor can use a special social network constructor. Collections of well-known Internet memes are compiled and published on various portals - Memopedia, Top memas, Memify, etc. Platform owners and meme fans keep their finger on the pulse, not only celebrating the emergence of new expressions, but also the holiday established in their honor - # august27 Meme Day.

The Wizard Santa Claus was created in 1931 by Michigan artist Haddon Sundblom to advertise the Coca-Cola drink. The prototype of the main character of Catholic Christmas was St. Nicholas the Wonderworker - a white-bearded Christian saint who secretly enters the homes of the poor and leaves gifts for children and adults. The fabulous Father Frost, the closest “relative” of Santa Claus, appeared thanks to the poetess M. Polezhaeva in 1912. Although long before that, the characters Moroz Ivanovich and Morozko were mentioned in the fairy tales of A. Afanasyev and V. Odoevsky. From 1916-1917 an old man in a red caftan with a staff and a bag of gifts became a welcome guest in the homes of thousands of children living in the Russian Empire. The fight against the remnants of the bourgeois system and religion, which the Country of Soviets waged in the first years of its existence, led to the abolition of traditions associated with the celebration of the New Year and Santa Claus. So the young state eradicated pagan superstitions and Christian customs. Father Frost was returned to Soviet children with gifts by I. Stalin, who abolished the existing bans in the early 1930s. The role of a fairy-tale wizard for children who believed in fairy tales and miracles was played by fathers, uncles, other relatives and family friends. Professionals were invited to the main Christmas tree of the country in the Kremlin. Some are on a permanent basis. Thus, the Moscow Art Theater actor Roman Filippov, known for his role as the poet Lyapis Trubetskoy in “12 Chairs,” played the role of Father Frost from the early 70s for 20 years. The birthday of the country's main wizard is considered to be November 18 - by this time the territory of most of Russia is covered with snow. This date appeared after a children's vote that took place in 2005. November 18 is the day when frosts come to the homeland of Father Frost in Veliky Ustyug. The professional holiday of the performers of the role of the good wizard is celebrated on the last Sunday of August. In Soviet times, New Year's celebrations for artists of capital and provincial theaters were a way to improve their financial situation. There is a widely known anecdote about a certain actor who, on New Year’s Eve, was left without a wife or money, but refused to work with Spielberg for a fee that was impressive for the 1990s. Filming in Hollywood was scheduled to take place from December 25 to January 10. Having heard this information, the actor, who was betting on the annual “hack job” in the role of Santa Claus, refused: “Well, no... I can’t. I have a Christmas tree.” The residence of the country's main wizard is located in Veliky Ustyug, the oldest city in the Russian North. It was from there that the tradition of celebrating the Professional Holiday of Santa Clauses began. For the first time it took place in the summer of 1998. The time for the celebration was not chosen by chance, because in the winter Santa Clauses work actively, visiting kindergartens and schools, performing at city Christmas trees and other events. The holiday is designed to attract the attention of people of all ages to Russian fairy tales and oral folk art. On the last Sunday of August, fairs and festivals are held in many cities across the country, and processions dedicated to Father Frost, the Snow Maiden and his other helpers are organized. These events pay tribute both to Russian culture and long-standing traditions, and to the professionals, thanks to whom a fairy tale comes to every home on New Year's Eve and miracles happen.

Lake Sevan Day in Armenia

Catholic Feast of Saint Monica

August 27 is the Day of Micah the Quiet, or the Feast of the Stone-Kinder, dedicated to the minor biblical prophet Micah the Morasthite, who, according to legend, predicted the fall of Judea after the coming of the Messiah. For our ancestors, on this day the Assumption Fast ended and the period of weddings began. On the day of Micah Tikhovei, people paid great attention to observing the wind, and also assessed the behavior of cranes, which allowed them to predict what the fall would be like and whether they should be afraid of strong hurricanes or bad weather. For this holiday, our ancestors tried to finish all the field work, complete the construction that had begun, and put the farm in order. On Micah, the guy was given the last chance to pick up a girl in order to have time to get married in the fall. The ancient Slavs respected the Tikhovey holiday and strictly followed all its traditions, trying not to violate the prohibitions. Our ancestors believed that on this day you should not work with dough and bake bread, drink alcohol, be rowdy and raise your voice, or talk about your dreams until sunset. Those who violated such prohibitions were to be overtaken by misfortune or lack of money, as well as the fulfillment of nightmares. Micah Tikhovey had its own folk signs, in particular: • if a strong wind blows on this day - you should wait for a cold autumn; • a warm wind on Micah - towards sunny September; • if the cranes did not fly off to Micah Tikhovey, then winter promises to be late; • the appearance of morning fog in the form of rising pillars foreshadowed heavy rain; • moisture on poplar leaves - for rain; • on Micah's day the wind blows from the north - expect a good harvest of rye; • if the silt sinks to the bottom, then the weather will improve and it will still be dry; • from which side the rays of the stars seem longer, from that side a strong wind will blow; • if the leeches in the river stick half out of the water, wait for a thunderstorm. On August 27, Alexey, Alexander, Fedor, Nikolay, Vladimir, Arkady, as well as Eva and Evdokia celebrate their name days.

Independence Day of the Republic of Moldova (Ziua Independentei)

Orthodox holidays on August 27:

Transfer of the relics of St. Theodosius of Pechersk

Memorial Day of the Holy Prophet Micah

Feast of the Icon of the Mother of God “Besednaya”

Feast of the Icon of the Mother of God of Narva

Memorial Day of St. Arkady of Novotorzhsky, Vyazemsky