Leonid Engibarov, Yuri Nikulin, Mikhail Rumyantsev (Pencil), Oleg Popov, Yuri Kuklachev... These names are forever inscribed in the history of Soviet and Russian circus. Clowns are a crowd favorite. Spectators await their entry into the arena with the same impatience as aerialists, tightrope walkers and animal trainers.

One of the most terrible phenomena that our planet has known is the First World War. The 38 countries that took part suffered massive losses for four years, about 11 million people died in this terrible massacre. In Russia, on August 1, every year, the memory of the victims of this monstrous war is honored. This is the first such global military conflict, in which more than half of the countries on Earth took part (38 out of 59 existing at that time). June 28, 1914 is considered the beginning of the war, on this day the heir to the Austrian-Hungarian empire, Frank Ferdinant, was assassinated by Serbian nationalists. Austria-Hungary was at that time under the "informal control" of Germany, and under their pressure declared war on Serbia. Russia, as a supporter of the Serbian state, is forced to announce a general mobilization, and on June 30, it joined the military conflict, along with Great Britain, France, and Turkey. 1914 was devastating for the opponents, first Austria-Hungary loses Galicia, and then the Ottoman army is defeated in Transcaucasia. 1915, on the contrary, brought losses for Russia - it loses control over Galitsa, and then part of the Baltic states and Poland. The turning point came in 1916 when Germany was unable to break through the French defenses, the Austro-Hungarians were defeated, and in the Caucasus the Russian army recaptured Erzurum and Trebizond. On March 3, 1918, Germany attempted to transfer all forces to the Western Front for a massive attack, but was ultimately defeated. Despite the significance of the date, for a long time in Russia this day was not celebrated at all, although the First World War caused no less damage to our country and the world as a whole. Only in June 2012, a member of the Federation Council, Anatoly Ivanovich Lisitsyn, proposed amending the law on “memorable dates” and adding August 1 to the list of “military glory days.” The President of the Russian Federation, V.V. Putin, signed the relevant documents on December 30, 2012. Thus, the Day of Remembrance of the Victims of the First World War acquired official status in 2013. On this day, it is customary to remember the soldiers who gave their lives in this terrible war and saved our future. Memorial services are held in all church institutions, and flowers and wreaths are brought to the graves of the dead. Rallies and processions are held on central streets and parks, lectures are held in schools and military units, which tell about the heroic deeds of soldiers and the importance of Russians in the outcome of the battle. 1. The First World War covered more than half of the Earth’s territory, unfolding in Europe, the Middle and Far East, Africa, and in the waters of the Atlantic, Indian and Arctic Oceans. 2. During the hostilities, more than 11 million people died, and it was the Russian Empire that suffered heavy losses, about 2 million dead. 3. Despite the fact that the war ended in 1918, the burial of fallen soldiers continued for another two years, due to the large number of deaths. The mass grave was located in the village of Vsekhsvyatskoye, not far from Moscow. The USSR government underestimated the significance of this place and tried to consign to oblivion everything related to that large-scale disaster, and in 1930 it converted the cemetery into a park. In 1994, the site was converted into a memorial complex for the victims of the First World War. 4. Russia had the weakest weapons at the time of the outbreak of hostilities. The flying troops numbered 283 aircraft, but had no weapons on board and only carried out reconnaissance. When confronted with an enemy, the pilot had to fly away as quickly as possible. 6. For the first time, tanks began to be used at the beginning of the war. This word translated from English means “cistern”; in Russia it was called “tank”. In order to transfer all the vehicles from England, where they were manufactured, to Russia, without losses, they had to spread a rumor that Russia had purchased water tanks from them, such a trick made it possible to transport the tanks over a long distance without losses. History is an example for the present, how to ensure that the mistakes of the past are not repeated, and an example of what they can lead to. Let's remember the sacrifice that our ancestors made so that today Russia and its citizens live in peace and tranquility.

Without a reliable, powerful rear, not a single army in the world can exist and operate. Combat units need provisions, ammunition, ammunition and much more. Mobility, rapid response and defense depend on the capabilities of the logistics service. The state understands the importance of the tasks performed by rear service personnel, therefore, on August 1, rear service personnel celebrate their professional holiday. The greatest ruler of Russia, Peter I, laid the foundation of the Russian army and individual branches of the military. He established government supplies from government warehouses. The provision was controlled by special orders. Employees of the Special Order were responsible for providing salaries, equipment, clothing, weapons, and so on. Supplies have been part of the army since 1711. A military economy appeared in each regiment. Over the course of several decades, logistics support (MSS) has developed and improved. Transport and the segregation of supplies have been developed. Create a general support system. The Revolution and Civil War created confusion in the supply of necessary things to the troops. Since the end of the war, the Supply Directorate has been formed. The support received unified subordination to the People's Commissariat of Defense. By the beginning of the Great Patriotic War, the Main Quartermaster Directorate was formed, and the term “rear” was abolished. The leadership of logistics services was entrusted to the Deputy People's Commissar of Defense. Unfortunately, the structure did not correspond to the methods of warfare. In peacetime, logistics support was not developed or funded. As a consequence, there is a lack of coherent army and front-line support structures. It was possible to create a coherent support structure only by the middle of 1942. The positions of chief of logistics in military formations were introduced. The measures made it possible to ensure high-quality, timely supply of provisions, ammunition, and spare parts. The fighters made a huge contribution to achieving the overall victory. In the post-war period, the country's economy grew, and the role of the army and its supplies was reconsidered. The improvement of the rear took place in the light of breakthrough discoveries in military and related fields. After the collapse of the country, many connections had to not only be restored, but also created anew. A certain number of enterprises, units, and structures remained on the territory of the former Soviet republics. Since the beginning of the 2000s, a structural transformation has begun in the logistics of the army and navy. The scope of MTO activities included support for the condition of residential and outbuildings of the Ministry of Defense, utilities, veterinary control, environmental conditions, and fire safety. Today, the logistics support structure includes: • Logistics Headquarters; • Transport Department; • Department of Public Utilities; • Automotive and armored control; • Rocket and artillery control; • Management of railway troops; • Metrology Department. The Home Front Service can be proud of its centuries-old history. The slogan “Without a rear there is no victory” can be heard when solving everyday problems, on holidays and at special events. The functioning of all branches of the military depends on the quality of logistics. We congratulate military personnel, veterans and rear service employees on their professional holiday, we wish them health and success in educational and combat training.

On August 1, employees of the Special Communications and Information Service, as well as those who are directly related to this organization, celebrate their professional holiday. This is a special headquarters, the existence of which many do not even know. Civil Service specialists are engaged in the transfer of very secret and significant information, including information of national importance, and especially valuable cargo. Thanks to them, it is possible to send securities, psychotropic drugs, military equipment, rare objects of art, jewelry and weapons. This complex type of activity undergoes a mandatory licensing procedure. The pioneers of the region were the legendary messengers who supervised from principality to principality, transmitting secret messages. The first community of professional couriers appeared during the reign of Peter the Great. A separate and independent corps of couriers was created under his great-grandson, Paul I. The name of the service has changed several times throughout its history, but its main purpose has remained unchanged - the transfer of valuable documentation and cargo. The service acquired its official name, which has been preserved to this day, in 1939. So August 1 became the official date for the formation of a modernized and updated special structure. Its functionality included the transfer of secret information, transportation of precious metals and rare objects of art. Any shipment made through the Special Communications Service is necessarily insured. The amount of insurance compensation can reach impressive values ​​- about 100 million dollars. The federal enterprise ensures the delivery of ballots for elections and Unified State Examination materials to schools throughout Russia. The most memorable and valuable goods transported by the service are the violins of the great Stradivarius, the Davis Cup and the hair of the Prophet Muhammad. Officially, the head of the service is the President. In fact, this position and responsibilities are assigned to the 1st Deputy Director of the FSO. The federal body faces many tasks, the main ones being ensuring security, modernizing, developing and improving the multi-channel special communications system. Service employees are required to ensure the stable operation of presidential communications at the highest level, organize a presidential “channel” in the event of hostilities, as well as establish uninterrupted communications between all government agencies, equip consulates abroad and other government offices on a local and international scale with the proper level of communications. On August 1, it is customary to reward employees of the Special Communications Service, present them with certificates of honor and diplomas, and give them valuable gifts.

On August 1, Russia celebrates the professional date of collection workers - All-Russian Collection Day. On this day in 1939, the collection service was founded at the State Bank of the Soviet Union. The need to transport and protect money and valuables arose in parallel with their appearance at the end of the 9th century on the territory of Kievan Rus. The main merchants and treasurers in Kyiv were the prince and the boyars, who provided protection for trade caravans with the help of personal squads. Since then, funds have been transported either by their owners, or by people specially hired for this purpose, who were immensely trusted. And at all times, when there was a lot of money, they were accompanied by armed persons who could protect them from bandits. Thus, in the 16th century, merchant trade caravans were accompanied by powerful guards, headed by a representative of the wealthy merchant class, who had the special trust of the guest corporation. Any problems in transporting valuable cargo contributed to the subsequent development of collection services. With the emergence of the need to collect money from trading companies and deliver it to banking institutions, a subtype emerged from the single function of collecting and transporting cash - collection, and at the same time the position of a collector appeared. The development of the banking segment of the economy entailed an increase in money turnover. The problems of transporting valuables gave impetus to the further development of collection organizations, and, as a result, the requirements for the professional skills of employees of such services began to grow. The profession of a cash collector is considered incredibly difficult and responsible. This position requires excellent physical fitness, courage and determination. However, it is associated with risks to health and life. A cash collector is not just a competent security guard, but also a cashier. He must be able to draw up the documents necessary for the transfer of valuable cargo. In addition, a representative of this profession is an expert in working with banking equipment of various designs and electronic exchange offices. The duties of a collector include: Since the specifics of the profession imply financial responsibility, the following requirements are imposed on the collector: The collection procedure itself has several levels of protection. Transportation of funds and valuable cargo is carried out on armored vehicles, inside of which there is a kind of safe. The armored interior of the car provides reliable protection for passengers from bullets. The car is also equipped with modern radio and satellite communication systems. All collectors are mainly armed with military weapons and body armor. The movement of cars is monitored by the dispatcher of the bank collection service. It monitors the location of all machines and records an alarm signal.

On this day, congratulations are accepted by all help desk and technical support employees, who often work 24/7 and answer hundreds of questions every day and help people cope with problems associated with technical tasks. This professional holiday allows you to draw public attention to the work of specialists who work in various call centers and service departments.

In many countries around the world, the International Flash Mob of Femininity is held annually on August 1. The event is designed to emphasize the value of the fair half of humanity, the spiritual qualities of its representatives and social significance. The first flash mob was held in 2012. Despite feminist slogans about gender equality, the event calls for thinking about the traditional purpose of a woman, the importance of her role in the family and society. Flash mobs are usually held offline. On August 1, women with huge bouquets take to the streets of cities and other settlements and hand out flowers to passersby along with smiles and good mood. On this day, charity concerts, competitions and quizzes are held. Any woman can participate in the flash mob, regardless of age and marital status. The time and location of the event is announced on social networks. On their pages, women exchange cards, congratulations and virtual gifts. A flash mob is an excellent reason for the fair half of humanity to leave household chores for a while and go out in public. Beautifully dressed women meet with friends on this day, communicate with like-minded women, share their problems and aspirations. On August 1, new topics are raised on social networks when discussing the importance of the role of wife and mother in the family, posts and photographs are posted. The international flash mob is held under the slogans “Let’s change lives for the better!” and “Beauty will save the world.” Women are the main driving force of social processes occurring in society. The health and bright future of children, happiness and harmony in family relationships depend on their conscious and active position. At the most difficult moments in the history of our Fatherland, it was women who stood up to defend it. The image of a mother who sacrifices herself for the sake of her child is glorified in works of fiction and embodied in heroines of theatrical productions and films. Sculptures of a woman holding a child in her arms are installed in many parks and squares across the country. Russia is a stronghold of Christian morality and traditional family values. Despite attempts to level out the role of the mother in the birth and upbringing of a child, a woman is still the keeper of the clan and home. And nothing can shake its social value and significance. A woman in Christianity is a symbol of mother, love, hope and fidelity. It is this image that has been broadcast to the whole world for thousands of years of the existence of Rus'. The flash mob, which is held annually on August 1, is intended to remind of the importance of the fair half of humanity, to glorify the strength, beauty and uniqueness of modern women.

August 1 marks the International Day of Childfree, an ideological movement that unites people who voluntarily refuse to have children. This word has been used in Russian for a long time. The trend arose in the mid-70s in Europe, then spread to the USA and only appeared in Russia in the 2000s. For many, the term childfree evokes negative associations. People who belong to this trend are mistakenly attributed to hatred of children. Let's figure out who childfree people are and why they shouldn't be treated with hostility. The name of the movement comes from the English word “childfree” - “free from children”. The Americans came up with the term to create an alternative with a subtle semantic difference from the word “childless,” which literally translates as “childless.” The fact is that a person can be childless for medical reasons. His desire to have a child is not the result of free choice. With childfree, the opposite is true - most representatives of this movement can have children, but deliberately refuse to use this opportunity. At the same time, it is important not to confuse them with another subculture - childhate, in which there is a cult of hatred towards children. Unfortunately, in the minds of the Russian people these concepts merged into one, which distorted the main idea of ​​childfree. As mentioned above, the current originated in Europe. Here, unlike the countries of the post-Soviet space, since the beginning of the last century there has been a tradition of getting married at a later age. People worked to improve their financial situation, “get on their feet” and only after that started families and had children. Many researchers associate the emergence of childfree with the advent of more reliable methods of contraception. And before, there were people who did not want to have children, but their conscious choice led to a complete renunciation of sexual life, which did not always suit the person. Modern contraceptives, to some extent, have given a person the right to choose whether to become a parent or not. The childfree movement began to strengthen its position. Having children gradually ceased to be a duty and became a human right. Childfree is also closely associated with feminist ideas. Previously, having a child was the “duty” of every woman, and the desire to have children was considered natural for any representative of the fairer sex. Such stereotypes still live in our country, where there is a belief that a woman who departs from tradition and does not want to have children is defective. Childfree ideology comes into sharp conflict with evolutionary principles and the instinct of reproduction. However, many famous personalities have proven that one can change the course of history alone and influence the entire human race with their actions. Modern childfree people are divided into two types - some remain committed to this ideology until the end of their lives, while others consider the possibility of changing their views over time. This is not surprising, since the life situation of any person can change in record time, let alone decades. A separate group of this trend are people who cannot have children for medical reasons and do not regret it. Researchers note that the highest percentage of childfree people is among people under the age of 30. This milestone has become a kind of bar, after reaching which a person matures morally and changes his priorities. It is at this age that many childfree people abandon their previous beliefs. If a person still does not want to have children, then he has passed the first serious test and remains committed to his previous views.

Gardeners and gardeners prepare for the winter throughout the summer. Pickling cucumbers and tomatoes, canning adjika and other sauces, cooking compotes and jams require dexterity and skill from housewives. Modern devices such as an autoclave allow you to make canned fish and meat at home, which were previously produced only by factories and factories.

The autumn period of the Celtic pagan calendar began with the festival of Lammas, which was dedicated to the god Lugh. Lammas is an Anglo-Irish name, which literally means “Lug’s gathering”, “Lug’s wedding”. The name of the holiday in Celtic is Lughnasadh. There are other options: the holiday of the great bread, the first harvest, the holiday of the sickle. The dates of the holidays were set in accordance with the wheel of the year - the Celtic calendar. It was divided into eight parts at approximately equal intervals, in accordance with the main pagan holidays, one of which was Lammas. The official date of Lughnasada celebration is August 1st. But based on the lunar phases, the new day for the Celts began on the evening of July 31, therefore, the beginning of the celebration was at the same time. This is explained by the superiority of night over daytime among these peoples. And the day for the Celts began in the evening, and not like ours, in the morning. On the eve of the holiday, the first sheaf was cut in the fields. The hero of the celebration was the Celtic god Lugh, who was the patron of agriculture, fertility and crafts, distributing his wealth. There is a legend that this holiday was established by Lug himself, in honor of his adoptive mother Tailtine, the goddess of earth and fertility, after her death. The second legend says that the holiday is dedicated to the marriage of Lugh to the goddess Eira, who was the guardian of Ireland. Before the festivities, an elder was chosen. It was believed that the leader chosen on this day would be wise and fair. The holiday was held during the period of ripening berries and harvesting in the fields. It was customary to pick blueberries and bake pies from the flour of the new harvest. Ritual bread decorated with ears of corn was prepared for sacrifice to the gods. Or they sculpted figures of a god and goddess from bread dough. In addition to bread, gifts of wine, fruit, nuts, and beer were given. Money was donated to attract good luck in trade matters. On the day of Lughnasad, cattle breeders read spells in the pastures to protect livestock from illnesses and diseases. For the same purpose, they smeared the ears and tails of animals with resin. The whole community celebrated the holiday, trying to dress in the colors of the ripe harvest: red, orange, yellow and green. The festivities were accompanied by songs, dances, games and jumping over the fire. The Celts treated each other to beer, wine and bread. People forgave offenses and sins, and made wishes. Dolls were made from straw to preserve comfort and well-being in the house. Exactly a year later the doll was burned. For all family members, women made amulets from stones (citrine, amber), wood or fabric. Another meaning of the holiday is the day of the fusion of masculine and feminine principles. It was on this day that young people sought to get married. There were both real and symbolic weddings. When a man and a woman came together for one year and one day, in order to understand whether they could spend their whole lives together. That is, civil marriage existed even among the Celts. Later, during the period of close contact between the Romans and the Celts, when the latter invaded Roman territory, Lammas was changed to the Assembly of the Gauls glorifying the emperor.

1.6 million people die every year from cancer of the respiratory tract. Lung cancer caused the death of Wayne McLaren, the most famous of the Marlboro advertising cowboys, actor Alexander Abdulov, singer Joe Cocker, and musician George Harrison from The Beatles. Every year, the disease is diagnosed in 2.2 million people from around the world. This puts lung cancer in second place in terms of prevalence after breast cancer. Factors that provoke the appearance of tumors in the lungs include the presence of carcinogenic substances in the air, smoking, high levels of radiation and poor ecology. However, lung cancer is also a social problem. Often it, like other changes in the human body, is provoked by stress and deteriorating living conditions. A decrease in income levels forces people to switch to eating cheaper and lower quality products, start drinking alcohol, and give up proper rest, sports and other healthy habits. World Lung Cancer Day, which is celebrated on August 1, is intended to raise public awareness about this pathology. World Lung Cancer Day draws public attention to the need for timely treatment of a serious illness. Its initial stage is almost asymptomatic, which makes diagnosing the pathology difficult. In the absence of therapy, oncologists' patients with lung cancer live 2-5 years. The success of therapy depends on a timely diagnosis and detection of the tumor at the initial stages of tumor development. Surgery, radiation and chemotherapy prolongs life in 40% of patients by 4 years or more. Lung cancer is the most common cause of death from cancer among men in the Russian Federation. Every year, more and more people are diagnosed with this disease. According to the Ministry of Health, the incidence of lung cancer has increased by 20% over the past 10 years. The reasons for its appearance include poor ecology of the place of residence, radiation exposure, hereditary predisposition, chronic pathologies of the respiratory system (including pulmonary tuberculosis), viral infections, and the presence of production conditions harmful to health. However, the main factor causing this type of cancer is active and passive tobacco smoking. Cancer caused the death of a whole galaxy of Russian actors, directors and screenwriters: Georgy Zhzhenov, Rolan Bykov, Mikhail Kozakov, Boris Klyuev, Archil Gomiashvili, Nikolai Karachentsov, Sergei Parajanov, Andrei Tarkovsky and others. Educational events held on August 1 encourage society to disease prevention: conducting routine medical examinations, playing sports, quitting smoking, and eating a healthy and balanced diet.

A generally recognized holiday, it is an international UN day. World Breastfeeding Week is held annually from August 1 to August 7 and is celebrated throughout the planet. The initiator of this holiday was the World Health Organization. This event is held to promote natural feeding of infants, since such nutrition is necessary for the health of the child and his further normal development. Many mothers refuse it and transfer their babies to artificial nutrition, not realizing that they are depriving the baby of essential nutrients and vitamins that are simply necessary during the first months of development. Informing is the best way to make the right decision. Not everyone knows that sometimes refusing natural feeding can become a necessary measure if the mother has certain diseases. This necessary information must be taken into account when making a decision, and communicating it is also one of the goals of this action. Another consequence of this event is to warn mothers against possible diseases that may occur after giving up breastfeeding. Emphasis is placed on the fact that breastfeeding can relieve postpartum depression and become the key to the health of not only the baby, but also the nursing mother. Another advantage of traditional feeding is that you can save a lot on this. Calculations about the benefits of such feeding are made visible to everyone, especially low-income families. The history of this holiday began back in 1990. It was on these days that the Declaration was adopted. It secured the understanding and support of the 32 countries that signed it. It included key messages about promoting, protecting and supporting breastfeeding; especially in developing countries. This action can be called a strategic move to popularize natural feeding and protect the rights of mothers. The holiday is held with the full support and participation of the International Union WABA, which was created by merging the common interests of public organizations and individuals. The event also received support from UNICEF, which has developed a global strategy for infant feeding based on scientific research. Its rules describe not only instructions on proper feeding, but also special information for medical institutions. During the celebration, additional events are held, lectures are given, etc. All this is done with the involvement of journalists and the full participation of the media, who then write articles, notes and reports about the conduct and goals of the holiday. Over the years, Breastfeeding Week has managed to bring together more than 170 countries over common interests and provide important accessible materials and information. Propaganda has led to the fact that now not only the female half of humanity, but also the male population of the planet is paying attention to the celebration, and this is very pleasing.

Today, disposable paper napkins are widely used in everyday life. They are made from crushed, dried and compressed wood fibers. Paper napkins are much more practical than their fabric “predecessors” and are much cheaper. A holiday has been established in honor of this useful invention.

Polyphonic singing originated in Italy during the Baroque period. In the XVI-XVII centuries. The traditions of the Venetian school spread to the territory of Poland, Ukraine and Russia. A holiday has been established in honor of the musical style and sublime works that give a feeling of inner peace and tranquility.

Holidays of Azerbaijan - Day of the Azerbaijani Alphabet and Language

Baha'i Holidays - Feast of the Nineteenth Day of the Month of Kamal

Chinese Holidays - People's Liberation Army Day

Swiss holidays - Confederation Day - national holiday (Swiss Confederation Day)

Birthday of VSKhV-VDNKh

Makrinin Day, also called Mokriny, according to the folk calendar is celebrated on August 1 (July 19 according to the old style). This name is derived from the name of Saint Macrina of Cappadocia, whose memory is honored by the Orthodox Church on this day. Macrina lived in the 4th century in Cappadocia (a city in modern Turkey). The girl grew up in a wealthy family, was the eldest of ten children, learned Christianity from her mother, and learned to read and write from the Holy Scriptures. Macrina's parents betrothed her to a decent young man, but he died before the wedding. Then Macrina chose the path of chastity in order to remain faithful to her failed husband. After the death of her father, the girl and her mother took monastic vows and lived a strict life of prayer and helping those in need. People began to call the saint Mokrina, associating her with frequent wet weather on this day. It was believed that the rain that fell on Makrinin's day would bring good harvests to the land next year. An abundance of nuts was also expected after the rain. If there was no rainfall on Mokrina, the peasants performed a ritual to call for rain. To do this, they chose a girl born on a given date and dressed her in a blue dress and scarlet beads. Other girls from the area brought ears of corn to her, and she collected a sheaf from them. Then the chosen one carried it to the pond and threw it into the water, and then she herself entered and quickly began to immerse the ears of corn under the water before they were carried away by the current. Men were forbidden to look at this ritual, otherwise they could bring trouble to the village. For this reason, they tried to avoid rivers where girls gather. Residents also believed that if it rains on Makrinin’s day, then the chosen maiden should stay indoors all day. Its release could bring terrible downpours to the village. Fishermen on Mokrina went to the reservoir in order to catch more fish. It was believed that during the hot period it bites reluctantly, so it was necessary to take better care of the float. If you managed to catch a lot of fish, then until the next year fishing took place with a generous catch. But for the fishermen who came home with empty nets, the day on the contrary promised meager catches. Based on the weather on Makrinin's day, residents promised about the coming autumn - whatever the precipitation was, this was what they expected. Noticing aspen fluff, one could go into the forest to collect boletuses, and when he saw the heather blooming, one could go for saffron milk caps. The frequent falling of stars at night promised impending winds.

Jamaica Holidays - Emancipation Day

Orthodox holidays on August 1:

There are hardly many Russians among the Orthodox who have never heard of the Seraphim-Diveevsky Monastery. January 15 is the Day of St. Seraphim of Sarov, whose name is inextricably linked with the fourth earthly Destiny of the Most Holy Theotokos. According to Orthodox traditions, Iveria, Athos, Kyiv (Kievo-Pechersk Lavra), Diveevo are under the patronage of the Most Holy Theotokos. The appearance of monastic settlements here, one way or another, was connected with the image of the Mother of God: • God’s lot fell on Iberia; • Athos - a place of salvation from bad weather during the sea voyage of the Queen of Heaven; • Kievo-Pechersk Lavra - the result of the appearance of the Mother of God to Theoktis - the abbot of the Athonite monastery ;• Diveevo The Mother of God miraculously showed Agafia Semyonovna, the widow of second lieutenant Melgunov, who dedicated herself to monastic life in the Kiev monastery after the death of her husband. Agafia Semyonovna, who became Mother Alexandra after her tonsure, began construction of the Diveyevo church in the name of the Kazan Mother of God icon in 1773; it was completed in 1779. Three cells were built near the church. Initially, there were 4 novices in the Kazan community. In 1789, anticipating her death, Mother Alexandra turned to the fathers of the Sarov Monastery, Pachomius and Seraphim, with a request to take care of the novices. Pachomius faithfully fulfilled this request until the end of his days. Since 1822, the sisters of the Kazan community began to turn to Father Seraphim for spiritual advice. In 1825, in the month of November, he had a vision of the Mother of God, she reminded him of the commandment of the nun Alexandra, indicated a place in the village of Diveevo for the construction of a new monastery, naming by name the novices who had to be taken from the Kazan community. Seraphim, obeying the command of the Queen of Heaven, set about creating a second community. In 1826, a mill and cells were built, and the community was called a mill community. Subsequently, both communities were united into one; it was transformed into the Seraphim-Diveevo Monastery in 1861. In the Orthodox Church, St. Seraphim is remembered: • August 1 (July 19) - his birthday; • January 15 - the Day of St. Seraphim of Sarov, when he left this world forever (January 2). On memorable dates, holidays are celebrated in all Russian churches and monasteries services. Men named after the saint celebrate their name day. The earthly path of the ascetic of the Russian Church lasted 79 years. He was born in 1754. Parents, residents of Kursk, named their youngest son Prokhor. His father Isidor Ivanovich died early. Prokhor was raised by his mother Agafia Moshnina. She, continuing the unfinished work of her husband, was engaged in the construction of the cathedral. It happened once that Agathia took Prokhor to the construction site. The child, having stumbled, flew down from the high bell tower. It would seem that the outcome of the fall was obvious, but Prokhor remained safe and sound. Another time, falling asleep, the seriously ill Prokhor saw the Mother of God. She promised to visit the boy and completely heal him. Indeed, soon it happened: a religious procession was taking place near the house. Agathia carried her son in her arms so that he could venerate the icon of the Sign of the Most Holy Theotokos. I took a kiss and quickly recovered. Prokhor constantly attended church services since childhood. The decision to devote himself to God matured in his early youth. He reached Kyiv on foot. Schemamonk Dosifei blessed Prokhor to go to the Sarov Hermitage. After an eight-year stay as a novice, Prokhor took monastic vows with the name Seraphim. The life of a monk in the Sarov monastery is filled with great deeds in the name of God and Orthodoxy. His feat of desert living in a deep forest lasted for more than 15 years; another feat of stylite life lasted for 1000 days and nights, when the elder, standing on a stone, prayed at night in the forest, and during the day in his cell. Returning to the monastery in the spring of 1810, he became a recluse. Only in November 1825, after a vision of the Mother of God, who commanded him to come out of seclusion and receive people who needed consolation, guidance, and healing from the elder, having been blessed by the abbot, Seraphim changed his way of life. Now the door of his cell was open to all those who suffered. The elder left earthly life on January 2, 1833. This date, according to the new style, January 15, the Day of St. Seraphim of Sarov, in the heart of every Christian evokes a grateful feeling for a person who, through prayerful works and severe deeds, has earned high spiritual purity, who has been awarded by God the greatest wisdom, special gifts of miracles and insight. On July 19, 1903, the holy elder was canonized.

Memorial Day of St. Mitrofan, the first Bishop of Voronezh

Memorial Day of the Righteous Prince Roman Olegovich Ryazansky

Cathedral of Kursk Saints